Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026850 (muscular dystrophy)
 5,870 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The time courses of changes in amplitudes of muscle action potentials (MAPs) obtained from gastrocnemius and soleus muscles by 5 Hz prolonged tibial nerve stimulation were studied. Subjects included muscular dystrophy (MD), spinal muscular atrophy, Issacs syndrome, idiopathic muscle spasms, psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, and normal controls. In normal subjects, MAPs obtained at 5 minutes from gastrocnemius muscles was 87-102% of those at initiation of the stimulation. In soleus muscles, MAPs at 5 minutes was 95-105% of those at the beginning. In gastrocnemius muscles, MAPs increased in disorders such as Duchenne MD, Fukuyama type congenital MD, facioscapulohumeral MD, myotonic dystrophy, dermatomyositis, Kugelberg-Welander syndrome, viral myelitis, malignant hyperpyrexia, autism and schizophrenia. In soleus muscles, the increase of MAPs was demonstrated in Duchenne MD, Fukuyama type congenital MD, myotonic dystrophy and autism. MAPs remained within normal range in infants with Werdnig-Hoffman disease, Issacs syndrome and idiopathic muscle spasms. In two cases with Duchenne MD, MAPs obtained from gastrocnemius muscles reduced in amplitudes by the administration of dantrolen sodium. While the pathogenesis of the increased MAPs is not clear, several possible factors are discussed. It is considered that this 5 Hz examination may provide an important information for detecting the effect of dantrolen sodium on Duchenne MD, and it is also suggested that the examination will be a useful test for finding latent malignant hyperpyrexia.
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PMID:Increased muscle action potentials by 5 Hz prolonged nerve stimulation in neurological and neuromuscular disorders--clinical usefulness for detecting underlying pathophysiology. 648 78

Many of the nervous and muscular locomotor disorders that affect sheep throughout Australia are commonly referred to as "staggers" syndromes. The range of clinical signs displayed by sheep suffering these disorders is sufficiently diverse to enable each syndrome to be graded into one of 5 progressive clinical groups. The first group, the limb paresis syndromes, includes the primary myopathies associated with the ingestion of Ixiolaena brevicompta, Malva parviflora, and Trachymene ochracea, as well as selenium and Vitamin E disorders, Paroo virus staggers, congenital progressive muscular dystrophy, humpy back, hypocalcaemic muscle weakness, Tribulus terrestris staggers and tetanus. The second group is characterised by limb paresis with knuckling of the fetlocks, and includes the plant-associated toxicities of Romulea rosea, Stachys arvensis, Trachyandra divaricata, and Tribulus micrococcus, together with haloxon toxicity, enzootic ataxia (copper deficiency), and the probably genetic disorders of segmental axonopathy, neuroaxonal dystrophy, and degenerative thoracic myelopathy. Other locomotor disorders that fit more loosely into this group are listerial myelitis (post-dipping staggers), vitamin A deficiency, cervico-thoracic vertebral subluxation Stypandra glauca toxicity, Ipomoea spp toxicity, ivermectin toxicity, and botulism. The third group, the falling syndromes, includes the probably genetic disorders of thalamic cerebellar neuropathy, cerebellar abiotrophy, and globoid cell leucodystrophy, together with Swainsona spp toxicity. The fourth group, the falling syndromes, includes the plant associated toxicities of phalaris staggers, perennial rye grass staggers and nervous ergotism (Claviceps paspali).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The clinical differentiation of nervous and muscular locomotor disorders of sheep in Australia. 852 19