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Query: UMLS:C0026838 (spasticity)
 6,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 19 patients with multiple sclerosis and 1 with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis the mean increase in muscle tonus was found to be 3.1 (range 1--4 according to Burke-Ashwort). In 10 controls with multiple sclerosis the mean spasticity was 2.4. Dantrium was given in doses up to 800 mg for 14--16 days and it caused a greater reduction of spasticity than placebo (p less than 0.05). In 12 patients (60%) varying degrees of muscle tonus reduction was observed. In 11 patients the efect of Dantrium was compared with that of other drugs (Clonazepam, Tetradiazepam, Carisoprodol and Lyoresal). In 6 cases Dantrium was a more effective drug than other muscle relaxants and in 5 cases no difference was observed or other drugs were superior to Dantrium.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Dantrium in the treatment of increased muscle tonus in patients with multiple sclerosis]. 32 Apr 94

A study of motor nerve conduction velocities in median, ulnar, peroneal and tibial nerves bilaterally in 50 hemiplegic patients revealed a statistically significant slowing in the affected limbs compared with the unaffected side. The decrease of nerve conduction velocity was not related to any of the following factors: duration of stroke, degree of paralysis, degree of spasticity, side of paralysis, age of patients, and sex ef patients. The results can indicate that lower motor neurons are indeed affected by upper motor neuron lesions. The slowing of the nerve conduction velocity of motor peripheral nerves is probably due to the loss of trophic influence from higher centres or its decline. The author suggests that this phenomenon leads to a selective deterioration of thick nerve fibres while only thinner ones continue conducting impulses.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Conduction in the motor neurons of the peripheral nerves in hemiplegia of cerebral origin]. 651 16

Results of surgical treatment of kyphoscoliosis complicated with spinal cord injury are presented. There were 16 congenital kyphoscoliosis, 5 idiopathic ones and 4 in course of neurofibromatosis. Increased spasticity was present in 2 patients, spastic paresis in 12 and 11 patients were paraplegic. In 24 cases spinal decompression was performed, in 6 years old boy with spasticity the convex side of the curve was fused. Neurological symptoms ceased in 13 cases, marked improvement was achieved in 6 patients, partial recovery in 1 case, in 5 cases no improvement was accomplished. One patient died 6 weeks after operation due to heart attack. Analysis of results achieved indicates, that surgery in most of kyphoscoliosis complicated with spinal cord injury offers good prognosis.
Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol 1995
PMID:[Results for surgical treatment of kyphoscoliosis complicated with spinal cord injury]. 856 78

The author reviews the current opinions on the treatment of spasticity with special consideration given to the new method of treatment with local injections of botulinum toxin A into the spastic muscles. Botulinum toxin is the treatment of choice in focal dystonias and hemifacial spasm. The mechanism of action of the toxin is unique and is a result of dose-dependent and partial chemical denervation of the muscles, with preservation of tonus and thus its function. Recent reports have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of the method in spasticity, especially when it is focal, not diffuse or severe and without concomitant severe paresis. The author describes also the basic data of the pathophysiology of spasticity and reviews other therapeutic options and practical problems concerning the injections of botulinum toxin.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1998
PMID:[Botulinum toxin in spasticity treatment]. 960 56

Rehabilitation of Multiple Sclerosis patients is one of the most specific problems because of its variable and unforeseeable course. Rehabilitation procedures of those patients must be performed individually and very elastic in every case. In this elaboration the most commonly appeared forms and course of MS have been presented. According to it the planing of the rehabilitation has been adapted. Basic rules of the exercises during the relapse and during the remission have been presented. The greatest attention has been paid to the problems of managing spasticity and the reeducation of neurogenic bladder.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Comprehensive rehabilitation of multiple sclerosis patients]. 977 Jun 98

Spasticity is one of the greatest difficulties in patients with central nervous system injuries and diseases. Severe spasticity makes treatment, rehabilitation and care of patient very difficult and sometimes even impossible. It has been sought for many years for an objective method to evaluate the degree of spasticity, necessary to establish the results of treatment and rehabilitation. In this study we present subjective and objective methods of evaluating the spasticity in order to classify every patient to adequate therapeutic group. The authors present physical methods that not only contribute to control of spasticity together with pharmacotherapy and surgical treatment, but can be used alone. The big advantage of this therapy is a low invasiveness and the very few side effects.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 1999
PMID:[Spasticity and physical methods for controlling it]. 1110 91

In this paper the most commonly used methods of assessment patients with spasticity has been presented. "Measuring" of spasticity is necessary for evaluation of new methods of treatment. This could be made directly or indirectly--in that case the sequela of spasticity is measured. In this elaboration as well subjective as objective methods of examination in spasticity has been described. The tone intensity scales, spasm frequency scores, global scales of motor impairment, ADL scales, upper extremity dexterity and strength testing, examination techniques and maneuvers to differentiate rectus femoris from iliopsoas and gastrocnemius from soleus tightness, clinical gait scores, EMG and goniometric pendulum test has been mentioned.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2001 Jul
PMID:[Possibilities of subjective and objective evaluation of spasticity]. 1157 22

This article presents the topical views on the surgical treatment of spasticity. On the ground of available literature the authors tried to present the indications for different surgical procedures according to a etiology and different parts of the body and the groups of the muscles afflicted of spasticity.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Surgical methods of spasticity treatment]. 1218 10

The authors categorised congenital malformations of the spine into five different pathomorphologic groups basing on a series of 61 cases (age ranging from 1 to 50 years): defects of the vertebra, of the vertebral body, intervertebral synostosis, rib synostosis, and defects of the vertebral arch. A total of over 30 different kinds of malformations were obtained in this classification. In the analysed series 34 patients had a predominant kind of malformation, while in 27 cases mixed malformations were noted. These malformations lead to spine deformities: 21 cases with arch scoliosis, 15 cases with kyphoscoliosis, 13 cases with angular scoliosis and 12 cases with kyphosis. Deformities had a tendency to progress with age. In 20 patients neurological deficits (increased spasticity, spastic paresis, spastic and flaccid paralysis) increased after reaching skeletal maturity. Prognosis as to deformity regression was made difficult be the large variety of different pathomorphologic types of deformity. Only general patterns were visible e.g. a tendency to progress in cases were hemivertebra were found. In cases were more than one type of deformity was noted, growth balance of the spine was not a rule. On the contrary, even small mixed deformities of ten progressed. This paper indicates that most congenital deformities of the spine should be treated operatively, either to correct the deformity or to attain spine growth balance.
Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol 2002
PMID:[The pathomorphology of congenital spinal defects in relation to future clinical development of the disease]. 1241

The paper is a review of current experience with use of gabapentin--a new antiepileptic drug--in neurologic conditions others than epilepsy. Mechanism of action of the drug is not fully elucidated yet. However it proved to be effective in therapy of chronic pain, especially in neuropathic pain, neuralgia, low back pain, reflex sympathetic dystrophy and erythromelalgia. Gabapentin is also effective in pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Clinical studies of gabapentin in movement disorders, such as Parkinson disease, essential tremor and atrophic lateral sclerosis are discussed in the paper. It can be summarized that gabapentin is a valuable medication and the use thereof in neurology is not limited to epilepsy.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[GABApentin--new therapeutic possibilities]. 1252 21


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