Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026838 (spasticity)
 6,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the results of immunosuppressive treatment with intravenous cyclophosphamide in 12 patients with lower motor neuron syndrome and elevated titers of serum autoantibodies to GM1 ganglioside. All patients had lower motor neuron dysfunction including proximal or distal weakness, fasciculation and muscle atrophy, but no upper motor neuron dysfunction such as hyperreflexia, spasticity or Babinski's sign. Electrophysiological studies revealed no evidence of conduction block, but EMG findings of acute or chronic denervation in the limbs were present. Serum biochemistry and immunological studies were negative for M protein. After a 6-month follow-up, despite a fall in antibody titer, there was no significant clinical improvement in any of the patients.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive treatment in lower motor neuron syndrome with autoantibodies against GM1 ganglioside. 830 67

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) with conduction block is an acquired, autoimmune-mediated neuropathy that is responsive to treatment. The clinical history is one of slowly, progressive distal weakness, which more commonly involves the upper extremities, and it affects mainly young adults. Physical examination reveals weakness without sensory loss in the distribution of individual nerves. Atrophy may be present, but hyperreflexia and spasticity are not seen. Electrophysiological studies reveal motor conduction blocks at sites not prone to compression with normal sensory responses. Immunoglobulin M anti-GM1 titers may be elevated. Treatment with human immunoglobulin or cyclophosphamide has been shown to improve strength in the majority of patients with MMN in the short term. However, motor strength and function may gradually decline over years in spite of long-term therapy.
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PMID:Multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block: current issues in diagnosis and treatment. 1472 28