Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026838 (spasticity)
 6,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clioquinol is still consumed in India in considerable amounts but no new case reports have appeared since 1977. A review is made for a regional neurotoxicology group of an enquiry that we conducted in Bombay to gather information regarding SMON, spanning the period of 1967 to 1976. Nine patients were diagnosed with a variable degree of confidence as suffering from SMON, two from a retrospective search and seven after a prospective watch for the disease. Myelopathy with predominant more distal dysesthesia was seen more often than the full-blown picture of SMON. The peripheral neuropathy component (N) diagnosed clinically or electrophysiologically was seen only once. Pyramidal tract disturbances and resulting spasticity was as striking as posterior column disorder and sensory ataxia. Subacute myelopathy was seen in six patients, optico-myelopathy in two, and myeloneuropathy only once. It was clear that clioquinol has potential neurotoxicity, but no definitive explanation was forthcoming about the vast difference in the prevalence of SMON as reported from Japan and seen by us in Bombay.
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PMID:SMON as seen from Bombay. 609 94

We analysed the present state of those SMON patients with severely disturbed visual acuity. In medical screening of SMON Research Group at 1999, 52 out of 1,083 patients and 549 out of 1128 had their histories of complete blindness and complete loss of locomotion ability at the onset of SMON, respectively. Eighty one out of 1,149 patients showed severe visual impairment, including 22 with complete blindness. The number of patients with complete loss of locomotion and that of gait with cane/assistance were 59 and 443, respectively. Then, a large number of SMON patients have been still suffering from sequelae of clioquinol intoxication. Those patients groups with blindness and severe visual acuity yet showed after 30 years more severe disorders in locomotive activity, muscle strength and spasticity of lower extremities, degree of dysesthesia as well as vibratory sensory deficit, and ADL score. Those patients with complete or near complete blindness were profoundly handicapped so that the ratio of patients with a life-long institutionalization was high compared to the groups with less severe visual disturbance. Thus, it seems necessary to make a more extensive and meticulous supports for those SMON patients with blindness as they are in need of more finance and care providers.
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PMID:[Analysis of SMON at 30 years after its outbreak ending: special reference to those patients with blindness]. 1216 96