Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026838 (spasticity)
 6,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The social conditions of 73 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were studied in relation to the most common neurological disorders observed among them. The Environmental Status Scale (ESS) and Kurtzke's Neurological Functional System (NFS)--both included within the Minimal Record of Disability (MRD)--were used. Pyramidal alterations were the more frequent neurological findings, whereas the need for personal care was the most common social handicap. The chi 2 test applied to contrast each of the dicotomic ESS and NFS variables showed a significant relationship between pyramidal alteration (weakness) and the need for personal care (p < 0.001), the use of community services (p < 0.01), and transportation problems (p < 0.05). Cerebellar disorders were significantly related to the need for community services (p < 0.01) and transportation problems (p < 0.01). Vision disorders were significantly related to the need for personal care (p < 0.05), transportation problems (p < 0.05), and social activity (p < 0.05). In turn, spasticity was significantly related to the need for personal care (p < 0.001), financial (p < 0.001) and transportation problems (p < 0.001), laboral situation (p < 0.05), and the use of community services (p < 0.05). Contrasting the four NFS and 7 ESS nondicotomic variables showed a marked correlation between the pyramidal alterations and personal care (r = 0.71) and transport (r = 0.62). Pyramidal alterations influence the social situation of MS patients and may be the foremost alterations to be considered for the optimal social integration of these patients.
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PMID:Social handicaps of multiple sclerosis and their relation to neurological alterations. 797 33

This population-based study refers to 78 Swedish children with non-progressive ataxia from a total population of 3.1 million inhabitants. Inclusion criteria were ataxic gait without any signs of spasticity, dyssynergia, dysmetria and intention tremor. CT and/or MRI studies were available from 70 patients (90%). Infratentorial pathology was revealed in 27%, and findings were considered normal in 61%. If CT was normal, of recent date and of good quality, MRI did not add any new information. In half of the cases with pathological CT, however, MRI provided new information. The origin was considered prenatal in 45% (familial in 17%), perinatal in 4% and unclassifiable in 51%. 60% were mentally retarded; in the rest, cognitive development was near normal (18%) or normal (22%). Speech development was delayed in 88%, and 58% had visual dysfunction.
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PMID:Non-progressive ataxia: origins, brain pathology and impairments in 78 swedish children. 864 34

This report describes a 36-year-old female with bilateral optic atrophy. Physical examination was normal except for subclinical signs of lower limbs spasticity. Her father was affected of Strumpell-Lorrain disease. The clinical characteristics of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia or Strumpell-Lorrain disease are: progressive spasticity of the lower limbs and pathological reflexes. Pathologically, this disease is characterized by a degeneration or demyelinization of the cortico-spinal system and, to a lesser extent, of the posterior cord and the spino-cerebellar system. Optic neuropathy and dyschromatopsy have already been reported in a small group of patients. Visual acuity ranged from 20/20 to 20/200. Visual field alterations consisted of superior bitemporal amputation. Fundus examination showed optic atrophy. The incidence of optic neuropathy in Strumpell-Lorrain disease is quite high but its presence is often overlooked. Most patients are asymptomatic, but signs of optic nerve dysfunction are evident at clinical examination. According to some authors, there is an inverse relationship between the impairment of walking and the visual dysfunction. This was also noted in our case.
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PMID:[Optic neuropathy in Strumpell-Lorrain disease: presentation of a clinical case and literature review]. 1256 12

This review of traumatic brain injury encompasses its impact on society, pathophysiology, and rehabilitative management. Topics include mild traumatic brain injury, outcomes, prognosis, cognitive rehabilitation, behavioral management, and neurologic and medical complications. Emphasis is placed on clinically relevant topics that have had recent developments or have been historically difficult to treat. Neurologic complications discussed include seizure, balance, visual dysfunction, and spasticity. Medical complications discussed include neuroendocrine and pain issues.
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PMID:Traumatic brain injury: a review of practice management and recent advances. 1796 60

Hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC) is a rare hypomyelinating leukodystrophy characterized by infantile or childhood onset of motor developmental delay, progressive rigidity and spasticity, with hypomyelination and progressive atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum due to a genetic mutation of the TUBB4A gene. It has only been recognized since 2002 and the full spectrum of the disorder is still being delineated. Here, we review a case report of a severely affected girl with a thorough neuropathological evaluation demonstrating novel clinical and pathological findings. Clinically, our patient demonstrated visual dysfunction and hypodontia in addition to the typical phenotype. Morphologically, more severe and widespread changes in the white matter were observed, including to the optic tracts; in gray structures such as the caudate nucleus, thalamus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra; as well as an area of focal cortical dysplasia. Overall this case offers further insight into the broad range of clinical and neuropathological findings that may be associated with H-ABC and related TUBB4A gene mutations.
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PMID:Severe TUBB4A-Related Hypomyelination With Atrophy of the Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum: Novel Neuropathological Findings. 3047 26