Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026838 (spasticity)
 6,471 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enchondromas are a feature of several constitutional disorders of bone, and the classification of different nosologic entities is still provisional. Among these disorders, spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD), as outlined by Schorr et al. [1976], is defined by the presence of radiolucent spondylar and metaphyseal lesions that represent persistence of islands of chondroid tissue within bone. Careful review of radiographic findings is needed to distinguish SPENCD from the many other disorders combining enchondromas with spinal lesions. Even when strict criteria are applied, it appears that SPENCD is clinically heterogeneous, as some SPENCD patients are neurologically intact while others present with spasticity, mental retardation, and cerebral calcifications in different combinations, and it has been suggested that SPENCD should be divided in two types. We herein report ten individuals from six families with SPENCD and illustrate the radiographic changes. Seven individuals had CNS manifestations including spasticity, developmental delay, and late-onset cerebral calcifications. We also noted that six individuals had clinical manifestations of autoimmunity (auto-immune thrombocytopenic purpura, auto-immune hemolytic anemia, auto-immune thyroiditis, and SLE) and one had been diagnosed with immune deficiency. Neurological and autoimmune manifestations were seen in different combinations within one single family. These observations suggest that SPENCD may be a single entity defined by specific radiographic features, but with remarkably pleiotropic manifestations that include CNS disease (spasticity, mental retardation, and calcifications), as well as immune dysregulation ranging from autoimmunity to immunodeficiency. The notion of recessive inheritance hitherto assumed is challenged by the observation of two apparently dominant pedigrees.
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PMID:Spondyloenchondrodysplasia with spasticity, cerebral calcifications, and immune dysregulation: clinical and radiographic delineation of a pleiotropic disorder. 1647 Jun

Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) require biochemical or genetic investigations for being diagnosed. In some cases, however, the diagnosis can be suspected upon the syndromic phenotype or upon clinical presentation and family history, as in the following case. The patient was a 74-year-old male admitted for worsening of pre-existing left-sided ptosis and ophthalmoparesis after a birthday party. The history was positive for arterial hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with systolic dysfunction, diabetes-type 2, mild renal insufficiency, thyroiditis, and polyneuropathy. Instrumental investigations additionally revealed hepatopathy, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, bifascicular block, white matter lesions, and subacute stroke. Systolic dysfunction resolved upon adequate cardiac treatment. On hospital day 11 the patient suddenly developed asystole. He was successfully resuscitated but died a few hours later from acute myocardial infarction. Surprisingly, a more extensive family history was positive for myopathy (patient, brother, daughter), neuropathy (patient), hypoacusis (patient), Parkinson syndrome (mother), spasticity (son), diabetes (patient, son), renal failure (patient), and generalized atherosclerosis (patient). The individual and family history was strongly suggestive of an MID. In conclusion, individual and family history may strongly suggest MID. Phenotypic variability may be high between family members affected by an MID. MID may be associated with an increasing atherosclerotic risk lastly resulting in coronary heart disease and death.
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PMID:Diagnosing Mitochondrial Disorder without Sophisticated Means. 2661 82