Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026837 (muscle rigidity)
 1,077 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

in pig-farming, the use of neuroleptic agents in conditions causing stress has increased. In the meaty type pig, this stress gives rise to specific symptoms such as acidosis, hyperthermia and muscle rigidity. This will result in death before or an abnormal meat quality (PSE-meat) after slaughter. The symptoms may also be produced in these pigs by having them inhale halothane (Fluothane), the symptoms being rapidly reversible. The inhibitory effect of various neuroleptic agents of the group of butyrophenone and phenothiazine derivatives on the appearance and course of the above symptoms is discussed. The extent to which the quality of the meat and mortality during transport is affected following administration of these agents to slaughter pigs as well as the degree to which hypersensitivity reactions to halothane are reduced in young pigs serve as models. Finally, public health and ethical aspects relating to the use of neuroleptic agents in farm animals are examined more closely.
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PMID:[Use of neuroleptic agents in modern pig-farming (author's transl)]. 23 4

Alfentanil mask anaesthesia was performed in 63 patients undergoing termination of pregnancy or curettage. Three different types of premedication were used: a) pethidine, promethazine, and atropine; b) diazepam and atropine; c) atropine. The patients were ventilated either with nitrous oxide and oxygen or with halothane and oxygen. Halothane reduced the frequency of muscular rigidity (32%; N2O 75%), postoperative sickness, and vomiting (23%; N2O 50%). On the other hand, patients regained consciousness earlier if nitrous oxide was used. Premedication a) also reduced the frequency of nausea and emesis (21%; other premedications 63%).-Alfentanil intubation anaesthesia was performed in 52 patients undergoing laparoscopy. Premedication and inhalation anaesthetic varied as described above in the group with mask anaesthesia. Muscular rigidity did not occur, and nausea/emesis were rare events (8%). Halothane prolonged the recovery phase of consciousness and respiration. Premedication a) also resulted in respiratory depression.
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PMID:[Influence of various premedication agents, inhalation anesthetics and adjuvants on anesthesia with an opioid, alfentanyl]. 286 27

We report a family in which two sisters with myotonia congenita (MyC) were referred for malignant hyperthermia (MH) evaluation after each developed muscle rigidity with anesthesia. Halothane contracture testing of skeletal muscle in both was consistent with MH susceptibility. A third sister without clinical evidence of MyC was negative on contracture testing. These results suggest an association between MyC and MH susceptibility.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia in myotonia congenita. 336 83

This study examines in vitro the contractures induced by halothane and succinylcholine in skeletal muscle taken as biopsy specimens from 42 patients referred to the authors' laboratory for diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia (MH) susceptibility. In addition, possible differences between the response of preparations from these same patients with and without a history of masseter muscle rigidity following succinylcholine (SCh) administration were determined to investigate the in vitro relationship of masseter muscle rigidity to MH. Halothane 3%-induced contractures in preparations from MH susceptibles were similar, whether the group had a history of masseter muscle rigidity (1.15 +/- 0.18 g; n = 10) or not (1.02 +/- 0.21 g; n = 14). Halothane did not induce significant contractures in those diagnosed as normals. Succinylcholine alone did not elicit contractures from preparations derived from MH susceptibles or nonsusceptibles. Succinylcholine induced significant contractures in all preparations preexposed to halothane. Preparations from MH-negative patients with a history of masseter muscle rigidity were rendered sensitive to halothane (contractures of 1.17 +/- 0.30 g; n = 4) when SCh was present. In contrast, halothane added in the presence of SCh did not induce contractures to the same extent in preparations from MH-negative patients without a history of masseter muscle rigidity. This is the first reported in vitro method by which to examine the clinically troublesome interaction between SCh and halothane. This approach also may prove to be important in further investigations of the relationship between masseter muscle rigidity and MH.
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PMID:In vitro interaction between halothane and succinylcholine in human skeletal muscle: implications for malignant hyperthermia and masseter muscle rigidity. 402 68

Halothane screening has been used in the swine industry to identify animals susceptible to stress and prone to developing pale, soft, exudative (PSE) meat. This study evaluated the ability of halothane to identify stress-susceptible turkeys prone to developing PSE meat when reared to market age and transported before slaughter. Male Nicholas turkeys (n = 1,286) were exposed to 3% halothane for 5 min at 4 wk of age in two trials. Birds were classified as halothane sensitive (HAL+) or halothane nonresponder (HAL-), in which HAL+ birds showed signs of muscle rigidity in the legs upon removal from halothane gas, and HAL- birds showed no stiffness response. Approximately 3.5% (45) of the turkeys were HAL+. All HAL+ birds and an equal number of HAL- birds were grown until 20 wk of age. Immediately prior to slaughter, all birds were transported in coops on a flatbed trailer for 2 h and then immediately slaughtered upon arrival at the processing plant. Breast muscle pH (0, 1.5, and 24 h postmortem) and L* value (1.5 h and 24 h postmortem) were measured on the fillets. Drip loss and cook loss were also determined on marinated and nonmarinated breast fillets from each carcass. There were no significant mean differences in any parameter measured between the HAL+ and HAL- turkeys. However, the HAL+ turkeys had a greater percentage of fillets with L* values >51 compared with the HAL- turkeys. These results suggest that either halothane response is only a limited predictor of PSE meat in turkeys or that transportation is not an appropriate stressor to induce the PSE condition.
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PMID:The use of halothane gas to identify turkeys prone to developing pale, exudative meat when transported before slaughter. 1082 70

Within the last several years, the poultry industry has seen a dramatic increase in the occurrence of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat. This problem is known to be associated with a rapid decline in postmortem (PM) muscle pH, which results in inferior protein functionality similar to that found in PSE pork. Many factors such as seasonal changes have been known to influence the occurrence of PSE meat in poultry and swine. Halothane and succinylcholine have been used within the pork industry to identify animals susceptible to stress and prone to developing PSE meat. The mechanism for the triggering of the PSE gene in poultry has not been fully understood. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of screening broilers with halothane to identify those prone to developing PSE meat. Succinylcholine was used before slaughter to serve as a triggering agent for the PSE condition. At 4 wk of age, broilers from 4 commercial strains (n = 1,000) were subjected to 3% halothane gas and classified as either halothane positive (HAL+) or negative (HAL-) based on muscle rigidity within the legs. Although halothane sensitivity varied slightly among the strains, approximately 14% of the birds overall were classified as HAL+. All HAL- birds (n = 163) and an equal number of HAL-birds (n = 163) in each strain were grown to market age (7 wk) and were commercially processed. At the time of processing, half of the HAL+ and HAL- birds were injected intravenously with succinylcholine and were slaughtered at 0.25 h postinjection. Pectoralis muscle samples were collected at 0.25, 2, 5, and 24 h PM for the evaluation of rigor development (muscle pH) and meat quality (L* value, moisture, drip loss, and cook loss). Halothane sensitivity had no effect on rigor development, muscle color, or water-holding capacity in the 4 broiler strains. Although birds exhibited reactions to the halothane gas, the halothane sensitivity, along with the use of succinylcholine, was not able to identify birds prone to developing PSE meat.
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PMID:The use of halothane and succinylcholine to identify broilers prone to developing pale, soft, exudative meat. 1533 22

A healthy 5-year-old boy presented for arch bar placement under general anesthesia in an operating room in a dental school. The patient had previously undergone general anesthesia without complication, and no family history of anesthetic problems were reported. Halothane mask induction, intravenous catheter placement, and nasal intubation proceeded uneventfully without the aid of a muscle relaxant. Halfway through the procedure, signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia, including muscle rigidity, hypercarbia, tachypnea, and tachycardia were noted. Immediate treatment, including discontinuation of the triggering agent, dantrolene administration, and cooling measures were applied, and once stable, the child was transferred to Columbus Children's Hospital for further management. The patient experienced no postoperative complications. Further discussion regarding the pathophysiology and management of malignant hyperthermia is provided.
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PMID:A case report of malignant hyperthermia in a dental clinic operating room. 1585 46