Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026837 (muscle rigidity)
 1,077 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relationships between dogmatism, hostility, and aggression for males and females were studied. Ss were 74 male and 109 female college students, who were administered the D Scale, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Megargee Overcontrolled Hostility Inventory, Gough-Sanford Rigidity Scale, and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Significant positive relationships were found between dogmatism and hostility for both males and females (p less than .001). This confirmed theoretical formulations that postulated the more dogmatic to be pervasively hostile, rather than limited to directed expressions of hostility such as prejudice. Only for males, however, was a significant negative relationship between dogmatism and the overcontrolling of hostility found (p less than .05). In this, and other relationships, males appeared to be more able to integrate aggressive behaviors into personality patterns. While dogmatism related to several personality patterns, it had no relationship to social desirability. Rigidity and dogmatism presented essentially different personality constellations. Feelings of guilt were related significantly to disaffected patterns such as dogmatism (p less than .001), hostility (p less than .001), and aggression (p less than .05), which suggests a turning inward of feelings of anger and disappointment in addition to their outward expression.
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PMID:Dogmatism, hostility, aggression, and gender roles. 89 93

Rigidity in Parkinson patients can be easily quantitated by determining net work required to passively flex and extend the forearm through an arc of 100 degrees. Rigidity thus measured can be subdivided into two very distinct types, resting and activated. Resting rigidity, measured while the patient is relaxed, responds to all effective therapeutic agents and correlates closely to degree of clinical improvement. Activated rigidity, measured during voluntary activity, is not relieved by any presently available medical treatment. It remains unchanged at pre-therapy levels even in patients who may temporarily appear to have dramatic improvement in clinical symptomatology. Longitudinal measurements made in hundreds of parkinson patients over intervals ranging from 5 to 15 years show continuing high levels of activated rigidity through the entire period of study. In marked contrast to our wide experience with parkinson patients is a single, well documented case of Wilson's disease who appears to have recovered completely both by clinical examination and by all of our machine measurements. This patient had high levels of extrapyramidal deficit, repeatedly measured over a period of four months when penicillamine therapy was being investigated. He then suddenly reverted to normal and returned to full time employment. High values of resting rigidity activated rigidity, akinesia and resting tremor all reverted to normal and have remained normal for the past 6 years. The implication of this study is that L-dopa and related treatments only mask the symptomatology of Parkinson's disease and are not retarding the underlying pathological process. Penicillamine, on the other hand, probably does relieve the destructive process in Wilson's disease and may in early cases, permanently relieve the extrapyramidal dysfunction.
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PMID:Failure of L-dopa to relieve activated rigidity in Parkinson's disease. 93 Jul 49

Emperor penguins breed during the cold antarctic winter. The males incubate the single egg while fasting for up to 4 mo and losing some 20 kg of their body mass. Fasting captive birds under outdoor conditions lost from 0.145 to 0.434 kg day -1. Mean resting metabolic rate, 49.06 W for 24.8 kg body mass, is 7 and 27%, respectively, higher than predicted from general metabolic equations for birds. Minimal thermal conductance, 1.31 W m-2 degrees C-1, is within the range for other birds. The lower critical temperature is about -10 degrees C; this can be related to large body size (20-40 kg) and to body shape, giving a smaller relative surface area than for other birds. Rigidity of the feathers explains why winds of moderate speed (up to 5 m s-1) have little effect on heat loss. At very low temperatures the behavior of huddling close together is essential in reducing metabolic rate. Without this behavior, survival during the long fast (up to four mo) at winter temperatures would be impossible.
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PMID:Thermoregulation in fasting emperor penguins under natural conditions. 97 Apr 75

Malignant hyperthermia syndrome developed during epidural analgesia in 25-year-old female to be operated on for haemorrhoidal varices. After premedication with diazepam and atropine epidural analgesia was started with lidocaine 300 mg and bupivacaine 50 mg. Signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia syndrome appeared 30 min. later, with muscle rigidity, hyperpyrexia 41.5degrees C, and loss of consciousness. Treatment alleviating the syndrome was applied as indicated in this complication. Full recovery was obtained.
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PMID:A case of malignant hyperthermia during epidural analgesia. 97 Jun 24

Acute morphine induced a dose-dependent hypokinesia and rigidity, but only mild and non-dose-dependent catalepsy. AMT, injected 1/2 h after morphine, slightly potentiated catalepsy but not hypokinesia during 3 h after morphine; in contrast, rigidity was decreased. The behavioral changes induced by AMT were accelerated in onset and reached their usual development, although AMT toxicity and hypothermia were completely antagonized; thus, it would appear that AMT hypokinesia/catalepsy are not the consequence of toxicity. When morphine was injected 4 h after AMT, a mutual potentiation of the two drugs on hypokinesia and catalepsy was observed, although previous biochemical measurements had shown no effect of morphine on CA depletion under these conditions. Rigidity appeared to be antagonized. After 17 days of repeated injections, morphine no longer elicited hypokinesia and catalepsy, but no cross-tolerance developed to the AMT behavioral changes. A similar lack of cross-tolerance to the effects of AMT or haloperidol was observed when morphine tolerance was induced by pellet implantation. Catalepsy and hypokinesia developed in a much more pronounced way after two large i.p. doses than after small, multiple administration of AMT; this difference was accompanied by a significantly lower concentration of brain DA, but not NA in the former group. The hyperthermic response observed after a 40 mg/kg s.c. injection of morphine was reversed to hypothermia when the same dose was given 4 or 10 h after CA synthesis inhibition. Cocaine strongly antagonized AMT hypokinesia and catalepsy when given 8 1/2 h after AMT, and, although to a lesser extent, even when injected 12 1/2 h after AMT.
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PMID:AMT catalepsy and hypokinesia: interaction with morphine and cocaine. 98 53

Results from studies of cohort differences suggest that older and younger volunteers may differ in aspects other than age. In this study subjects, who had or had not been promised $10.00 payment for their participation, were compared on certain personality and intelligence factors. No differences between incentive conditions were observed for 2466 potential subjects on willingness to participate, nor for 591 subjects eventually tested on their scores on the Primary Mental Abilities Test, the Test of Behavioral Rigidity and Cattell's 16 PF. However, differences by incentive condition were observed on the intercorrelation matrices for women on Form B of the 16 PF. Results of these analyses suggest that, with few exceptions, supplying a monetary incentive to induce subjects to participate in a study does not significantly alter the characteristics of a volunteer sample with regard to age or sex.
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PMID:Monetary incentive, age, and cognition. 101 61

The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.
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PMID:Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions. 102 12

Fentanyl (10 mug/kh) or fentanyl (10 mug/kg) plus droperidol (100 mug/kg) administered intravenously during 20 minutes to adult patients with acquired valvular heart disease produced minimal circulatory changes. The trend during drug infusion was for mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance to decrease, and for cardiac index and stroke volume index to increase without change in heart rate. Central venous pressure increased during drug infusion (P less than 0.05) but decreased to awake levels following controlled ventilation and skeletal-muscle paralysis, probably reflecting thoracoabdominal-muscle rigidity rather than a circulatory response. Hypoventilation during drug infusion necessitated assisted or controlled ventilation, with or without skeletal muscle paralysis, in 14 of 16 patients. Addition of 60 per cent nitrous oxide following fentanyl or fentanyl-droperidol infusion significantly decreased mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and cardiac index. All circulatory changes were similar in direction and extent to those previously found during morphine-nitrous oxide anesthesia. (Key words: Anesthetics, intravenous, fentanyl; Anesthetics, gases, nitrous oxide; Heart, effect of fentanyl, dorperidol, and nitrous oxide.).
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PMID:Hemodynamic and ventilatory responses to fentanyl, fentanyl-droperidol, and nitrous oxide in patients with acquired valvular heart disease. 111 86

For evaluation of the state of excitability of motoneurons in the dorsal flexor of the foot in patients with drug-induced muscle rigidity curves of excitability of motoneurons in the anterior tibial muscle were plotted in 10 patients not receiving psychotropic agents (controls) and 10 patients treated with chlorpromazine. Two variants of experiment wase used: in the 1st variant stimulation of the peroneal nerve behind the fibular capitulum served as the conditioning and testing stimulus, in the 2nd variant stimulation of the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa was the conditioning stimulus and stimulation of the peroneal nerve in the above way was the testing stimulus. The investigations were carried out before and 30-50 min after intramuscular injection of ethylbenzatropine 5 mg. In the 1st variant the curve of excitability of the motoneurons of the anterior tibial muscle showed the same configuration as the curve of excitability of motoneurons of the soleus muscle in the control group as well as in the treated group. Similarly as in the excitability curve of the soleus muscle five phases could be differentiated in it. Phase III of depression was, however, deeper and phase IV of returning excitability was more evident. In variant II in phase III depression was observed lasting only 40 msec., then in place of return of excitability its decrease was observed. These results were similar to these obtained in the case of conditioning stimulation of afferent fibres of the anterior tibialis muscle, and testing stimulation of the afferent fibres of the soleus muscle. After ethylbenzatropine injection no changes were found in variant I, on the other hand, in variant II a rise of excitability was present in phase III in the control group and in phases III and IV in treated patients. Ethylbenzatropine seemed, thus, to have no effect on the excitability of motoneurons in the dorsal flexor of the foot in the case of conditioning afferent stimulation of the dorsae flexor of the foot.
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PMID:[Excitability curve of alpha motor neurons of the foot dorsal flexor in chemically induced parkinsonian rigidity prior to and following ethylbenzatropine administration]. 112 51

Waiting times for patients were studied in 6 Mexican clinics. Waiting times were recorded for each step through which the client had to pass, as were the amounts of time spent acutally receiving services at each step. Simulation techniques were employed to estimate the effects altering certain clinic conditions would have on the average total time spent in the clinic. The clinics whose actual waiting times exceed the simulated times are characterized by 1 or more of the following: late arrivals of personnel, wasted time, inflexibility of routes and staff activities, and an inefficient filing system. 3 basic functions are necessary at all clinics--education, medical services, and record keeping. Rigidity in the order of these 3 elements appears to result in increased waiting time.
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PMID:The impact of organization of family planning clinics on waiting time. 114 94


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