Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026837 (muscle rigidity)
 1,077 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To test the relationship between open- and closed-mindedness, between rigidity and nonrigidity, and the tendency of psychiatric nursing staff to alter inferences when given additional information about a patient, the Dogmatism Scale, Form E, And the Gough-Sanford Rigidity Scale were presented to 120 psychiatric nursing staff members, all employed and working directly with patients. Low-dogmatic subjects changed their inferences regarding patient behavior significantly more than high-dogmatic subjects. Although high-rigid subjects changed their inferences about patient behaviour more than low-rigid subjects, the relationship was not significant.
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PMID:Open-mindedness, rigidity, and the tendency to change inferences among psychiatric nursing staff: a pilot study. 24 86

Malignant hyperpyrexia is a condition characterized by fever and often by skeletal muscle rigidity usually triggered by the administration of general anesthetic agents. A review of the current literature is given to emphasize preoperative and operative considerations. An uncomplicated case is presented to illustrate the special care that these individuals require.
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PMID:Preoperative and operative considerations in malignant hyperpyrexia. 27 42

The effects of chronic anterior lobe cerebellar stimulation on patients with cerebral palsy have been investigated using a new method of quanitfying muscle rigidity and stretch reflexes. The ankle is oscillated sinusoidally, compliance is measured at several frequencies, and electromyographic activity of the extensor and flexor muscles is recorded. In some patients stimulation can reduce rigidity and coactivation of muscles immediately or slowly over days or months. In others no change is found.
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PMID:Cerebellar stimulation in man. Quantitative changes in spasticity. 30 50

Tetanus is caused by the organism Clostridium tetani, which produces tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin responsible for the clinical manifestations of muscle rigidity and reflex spasms. The majority of cases follow an anaerobic wound infection associated with trauma. Incubation period is usually 3 days to 3 weeks. 75% of patients present with trismus. Reflex spasms are seen in 70% of patients and characterize the severity of the disease. Treatment involves removal of the offending organism, neutralization of free neurotoxin, controlling rigidity and reflex spasm, and minimizing complications. Diazepam may be used alone in mild cases. Severe cases require the addition of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and mechanical ventilation. Respiratory complications occur early and require aggressive airway management. A serious, late complication is the syndrome of sympathetic nervous system overactivity that is treated with alpha and beta blockade. High mortality rates seen in the United States may be due to delays in diagnosis and lack of familiarity with treatment. The disease is preventable with adequate immunization.
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PMID:Tetanus: a review. 44 55

The rheological properties of erythrocytes were studied in 12 heterozygous and nine homozygous beta thalassaemia patients, using filtration of erythrocytes through polycarbonate sieves with a pore diameter of 5 micron and viscosity measurements of erythrocyte and ghost suspensions. Erythrocyte deformability of all patients was decreased. In the heterozygous patients moderately diminished flexibility of cells was due to microcytosis of erythrocytes. Rigidity of erythrocytes in homozygous patients was due to altered cell shape, diminished fluidity of haemoglobin, and in splenectomized patients to the presence of inclusion bodies. Membrane flexibility of erythrocytes remained unaltered. We suggest that the decreased fluidity of haemoglobin as well as the presence of inclusion bodies result from the excess of alpha chains in erythrocytes of homozygous patients. The haemoglobin fluidity of erythrocytes of one patient with thalassaemia intermedia was unchanged. The flexibility of these cells was only moderately altered. In four patients who needed transfusions every 1--4 weeks deformability of transfused erythrocytes was likewise decreased when compared to controls. Erythrocyte suspensions obtained from the splenic artery and vein during splenectomy showed decreased flexibility of transfused cells after their passage through the spleen.
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PMID:Rheological properties of erythrocytes in heterozygous and homozygous beta thalassaemia. 49 17

In an open study, 60 Parkinson patients with varying aetiology were submitted to a treatment with the long-acting antiparkinsonian drug dexetimide and L-Dopa. Rigor, tremor and akinesia were favourably influenced. An advantage over other antiparkinsonian agents is its long duration of action and the possibility of a simple dosage. Further investigations concerning its long-term effect and elucidation of its interactions with different drugs commonly administered in parkinsonian disorders seem desirable.
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PMID:Treatment of Parkinsonian syndrome with dexetimide. 55 48

Effects of ID-690 on motor systems were compared with those of clonazepam, diazepam and nitrazepam. ID-690 exerted muscle relaxant action in the rotarod method using rats and mice; this action was almost equal in potency to clonazepam and nitrazepam and more potent than diazepam. Pretreatment with ID-690, clonazepam and nitrazepam increased the sleeping time of mice under thiopental anesthesia to the same degree, whereas diazepam produced a lesser effect. ID-690 was almost equal in potency to diazepam and nitrazepam in protecting against oxotremorine-induced tremor in mice, and approximately 10 times as potent as clonazepam. The anticonvulsant action of ID-690 was similar to that of clonazepam. These benzodiazepines effectively augmented the dorsal root reflexes, while showing no effects on the ventral root reflexes. Rigidity in rats due to anemic decerebration was not affected after intraduodenal administration of these drugs, while phasic augmentation of the rigidity by mechanical stimulation of the hind limb was clearly depressed. These drugs had no effects on the neuromuscular junction. From these results, it is concluded that ID-690 has a wider pharmacological spectrum than clonazepam, is almost equal in potency to nitrazepam and is more potent than diazepam.
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PMID:[Pharmacological study on 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (ID-690), with special reference to the effects on motor systems]. 55 42

Internal fixation of fractures has become increasingly important since the introduction of self-compressing implants. Rigidity of fixation thus ensured permits primary bone healing. Two types of self-compressing implants are available--screws and plates. The former produces compression between fracture fragments, the latter, along the long axis of the bone. Two common types of plates are the dynamic compression plate and the Osteo self-compressing plate. Use of self-compressing implants requires familiarity with the technique, a definite plan of operation, and strict asepsis and lack of infection in the patient. Indications for the technique include failure or unsuitability of closed reduction of fractures, care of associated serious soft-tissue injuries, and displaced intra-articular fractures. Use of self-compressing plates hastens rehabilitation, lessens joint stiffness and reduces the duration of hospitalization. The incidence of nonunion with self-compression techniques is lower than with traditional methods of fracture management.
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PMID:8. Self-compressing implants in the management of fractures. 60 62

Extensor rigidity of the knee may be due to a wide variety of causes and is certainly quite often a sequela of an injury. Rigidity is caused by damage to tissue distant or proximal to the knee joint, in the joint itself, or simultaneously at several locations. In many cases considerable improvement can be achieved by arthrolysis. However, this requires detailed knowledge of the involved and expected pathologic changes. Besides detailed clinical and x-ray examination via arthrography it is particularly important to select and prepare the patients properly. Knee arthrolysis can never be based on only one surgical procedure. The authors differentiate between covered and open loosening of the stiffened joint besides intraarticular and extraarticular arthrolysis, and a combined intraarticular and extraarticular procedure. Postoperative followup treatment is at least just as important as the surgical procedure itself. Complications can be largely avoided via subtile technique and sufficient experience. The authors report on 16 followup examinations effected during the past four subsequent to arthrolyses of the knee. On the average there was an improvement in flexibility and stretch-ability by 70 degrees, or a relative flexibility increase by 80%. No serious complications were seen. Arthrolysis of the knee is recommended as a well-tried and highly successful surgical procedure.
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PMID:[Arthrolysis in the treatment of post-traumatic extensor rigidity of the knee (author's transl)]. 65 62

In two cases of chronic schizophrenia complicated by diabetes mellitus, the concomitant use of the neuroleptica and oral antidiabetics was attended by the appearance of symptoms simulative of syndrome malin, i.e. hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, blood pressure instability, disturbances of consciousness, muscle rigidity, tremor, dysphagia, salivation and urinary incontinence. In one of these cases, the patient, a 47-year-old man, died 10 days later. In the other case, a 62-year-old woman, almost all the symptoms subsided after 14 days, and oral dyskinesia persisted for only one additional month. In both cases, hypoglycemia due to oral antidiabetics was not seen. In Case 2, a combined regimen of oral antidiabetics and neuroleptica was later resumed. Again, a similar set of symptoms as seen initially were noted, along with an elevation of the serum CPK level. Parenterally administered biperiden proved to be highly effective in the control of the symptoms. The pathogenetic mechanism of these symptoms might possibly be explained as potentiation of the action of the neuroleptica by oral antidiabetics.
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PMID:"Syndrome malin"-like symptoms probably due to interaction between neuroleptica and oral antidiabetic agents. 65 48


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