Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026837 (muscle rigidity)
 1,077 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 51-year-old woman with no history of any familial neurological diseases initially presented with numbness in her extremities, slowing of movements, comprehension deficit, memory disturbance, dyscalculia, muscle rigidity, hyperreflexia, Parkinsonian gait, increasing disorientation, left-right disturbance, finger agnosia, alexia, acalculia, apraxia, aspontaneity, euphoria, gait disturbance, aphasia, echolalia, and in the terminal stage, mutism, contracture of lower extremities and cachexia. She died of bronchopneumonia at the age of 55. The brain showed widespread cerebral lesions, consisting of nerve cell loss and neurofibrillary tangles in the frontal, parietal and occipital cortex, demyelination and gliosis in the frontal, parietal and occipital subcortical white matter in addition to the typical pathological findings of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): severe neuronal loss with gliosis and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus and substantia nigra. In conclusion, we present a case of PSP with unusual clinical features (extrapyramidal signs, frontal and parietal lobe syndromes without ophthalmoplegia) and neuropathologically widespread cerebral lesions in addition to the typical pathological findings of PSP. The differential diagnosis of PSP and Alzheimer's disease and other degenerative disorders is discussed.
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PMID:Progressive supranuclear palsy with widespread cerebral lesions. 147 14

Idiopathic parkinsonism (IP) is a common disorder, conventionally regarded as neurodegenerative. Its cardinal features, poverty and slowness of movement, muscle rigidity, postural abnormality and a characteristic tremor, are associated with loss of dopaminergic neurones in the substantia nigra of the brain. Genetic factors explain only a minority of cases, and a common toxic environmental insult remains elusive. We propose that IP is a systemic disorder resulting from a ubiquitous peripheral infection, and that only the tip of the iceberg comes to diagnosis. There is evidence for inflammatory/immune activation peripherally and in the brain. We have used statistical modelling to explore links with non-specific and specific systemic markers of inflammation/infection in IP probands, and explore whether their partners and siblings have a frank or pre-presentation parkinsonian state. Critical to this approach is continuous objective measures of the facets of IP. Hypotheses on causality and mechanism are based on the statistical models. There is pathological and clinical evidence for direct involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in IP. The candidacy of Helicobacter pylori infection as a trigger event or driving infection is relatively high. We have found that eliminating infection in late parkinsonism with cachexia, a stage usually considered intractable, can result in a U-turn. However, eradication therapy may not provide a complete solution. Persistence of antibody against cytotoxin-associated antigen (CagA), increases the predicted probability of being labelled as having parkinsonism. Evidence for autoimmunity and immunocompromise is used to build schemes for the natural history. We conclude that current classifications of neuropsychiatric disease may not prove the best with respect to defining sub-clinical disease, prophylaxis or halting progression.
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PMID:Role of inflammation in gastrointestinal tract in aetiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic parkinsonism. 1586 6