Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026837 (muscle rigidity)
 1,077 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was undertaken to search for an alternative experimental model in the evaluation of fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity. Unanesthetized, spontaneously ventilating Sprague-Dawley rats, and rats anesthetized with either ketamine or thiopental whose ventilation was mechanically controlled, were studied. Intravenous administration of fentanyl (25, 50, or 100 micrograms/kg) caused an increase in electromyographic (EMG) activity in both unanesthetized and ketamine-anesthetized, but not in thiopental-anesthetized, animals. Muscle rigidity was more prominently manifested in the gastrocnemius muscle, when compared with the rectus abdominis muscle. Hypoxemia was exhibited during the course of rigidity by both spontaneously ventilating and ketamine-anesthetized rats, but not by thiopental-anesthetized animals. In addition, unanesthetized, spontaneously ventilating rats developed hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis. The authors suggest that, in addition to using unanesthetized animals, EMG activity in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats anesthetized with ketamine in whom ventilation is controlled may provide an alternative approach in the evaluation of fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity.
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PMID:Fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity in unanesthetized and ketamine- or thiopental-anesthetized rats. 249 24

Malignant hyperthermia (MHS) is a rare potentially fatal complication of general anesthesia. Anesthetic agents most frequently incriminated are succinylcholine and halogenated agents. Respiratory acidosis is the most specific and sensitive sign. Hyperthermia per se may occur secondarily or may stay totally absent. Tachycardia and/or arrhythmias often develop due to hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis. Muscle rigidity whenever present is pathognomonic The "gold standard" test for the diagnosis of MHS is the halothane-caffeine contracture test. Dantrolene is the treatment of choice and prognosis depends on the early administration of this agent.
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PMID:[Intraoperative malignant hyperthermia: apropos of a case]. 945 94

This study compared the physiologic effects of carfentanil-xylazine anesthesia in elk administered nasal oxygen or medical air. Eight female 5 +/- 2-yr-old (mean +/- SD) captive elk (Cervus canadensis manitobensis) weighing 245 +/- 20 kg and habituated to chute restraint were studied in a randomized crossover. Nasal insufflation of oxygen or medical air (10 L/min) was provided prior to and throughout anesthesia. Baseline data were collected before i.m. injection of carfentanil (10 microg/kg) and xylazine (0.2 mg/kg). Arterial blood gases (PaO2 and PaCO2), arterial blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate, and observations of muscle rigidity and movement were collected every 3 min for 30 min. Drugs were antagonized at 30 min with i.m. naltrexone (1 mg/kg) and tolazoline (2 mg/kg). Induction and recovery were significantly faster (mean +/- SD) in elk receiving oxygen (208 +/- 39 and 333 +/- 63 sec, respectively), vs. medical air (306 +/- 84 and 532 +/- 201 sec). Elk receiving oxygen had a significantly higher PaO2 and PaCO2, and significantly lower pH and heart rate. Minimum PaO2 was 75 +/- 30 mm Hg (oxygen), and 28 +/- 6 mm Hg (air). Maximum PaCO2 was 89 +/- 5 mm Hg (oxygen), and 64 +/- 4 mm Hg (air). Frequency of rigidity and movement decreased when PaO2 > or = 70 mm Hg. Animals breathing air demonstrated slower inductions and recoveries, severe hypoxemia, and increased rigidity and movement. Oxygen administration reduced hypoxemia and improved anesthesia quality, but caused prolonged periods of apnea, and moderate to severe hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis.
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PMID:Physiologic effects of nasal oxygen or medical air administered prior to and during carfentanil-xylazine anesthesia in North American elk (Cervus canadensis manitobensis). 1936 39