Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026827 (hypotonia)
 5,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In more than 1,000 radiological and endoscopic examinations of the smooth muscle hollow organs of the upper intestinal tract, crysalline glucagon (0.2 to 0.5 mg., average dose 1 u/kg. body weight given at a single intravenous injection) resulted in a significant relaxation and reduction of peristalsis. This effect was less marked in the colon and recto-sigmoid. In five patients with colonic diverticulosis it had no effect. In 150 patients it was found that the onset of hypotonia after injection of glucagon increases from proximal to distal, the duration of maximal reduction in peristalsis decreasing distally. Glucagon is indicated for reducing the tone of smooth muscle hollow organs in order to judge their elasticity and to distinguish between functional and organic causes of a stenosis or increased size of folds. The rapid onset of peristaltic inhibition makes various diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures simpler or even possible. Compared with the usual atropin-like antispasmodics, glucagon has the advantage of being free from side effects apart from transient hyperglycaemia. Diabetes mellitus requiring insulin is a (relative) contra-indication to the use of glucagon.
 ...
PMID:[The use glucagon for endoscopic and radiological examination of the gastrointestinal tract (author's transl)]. 13 38

Different operations were performed on 15 patients with the Glucagon decreased tonus of the stomach and intestine. The drug was injected in doses 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mg. The resulting hypotonia of the stomach and duodenum facilitated performing the operations. No complications were noted.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical interventions on the stomach during a glucagon-induced decrease in its tonus]. 379 54

Whereas intolerance reactions against contrast media are a well-known hazard during radiologic procedures, intolerance reactions to other preparations used in radiology are rare. Glucagon, frequently used to induce gastrointestinal hypotonia, is said to have almost no side-effects. A case of anaphylactic reaction during double-contrast upper gastrointestinal examination is reported. Pseudoallergic reaction to propylparaben, a preservative agent in glucagon, is suspected. IgE-antibodies to glucagon could not be detected by RAST.
 ...
PMID:[Intolerance reaction following glucagon administration in a double-contrast study]. 380 67

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the duodenal bulb is sometimes seen as elevated lesions. Radiological and endoscopic findings in 22 patients are reported, and the characteristic appearance on each study is described. Glucagon-induced hypotonia of the duodenal bulb facilitates the diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Elevated lesions in the duodenal bulb caused by heterotopic gastric mucosa. 744 47