Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026827 (hypotonia)
 5,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clbC form of methylmalonic acidaemia is a rare and poorly understood condition which results from impaired biosynthesis of methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. The consequent functional deficiencies of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthase produce both methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria. Systemic symptoms and neurological decompensation comprise the clinical phenotype. In an effort to clarify the phenotype and prognosis, we obtained clinical information on 50 patients with methylmalonic acidaemia whose cells had been assigned to the cblC complementation group. We identified two distinct phenotypes; they differed in age of onset, presence of systemic symptoms, type of neurological symptoms, and outcome after diagnosis and treatment. Forty-four patients presented in the first year of life. Feeding difficulties, neurological dysfunction (hypotonia, seizures, developmental delay), and ophthalmological and haematological abnormalities characterized their clinical picture. About one-quarter of those patients died. Survival was associated with neurological impairment; only one infant was neurologically intact at follow-up. Onset in childhood, in contrast, was associated with less severe haematological abnormalities, largely involving the red cell series. Extrapyramidal signs, dementia, delirium or psychosis characterized the neurological findings. Survival, with mild to moderate disability in some, was typical in patients with later onset. Treatment in both groups included hydroxycobalamin, betaine and carnitine; complete normalization of biochemical parameters was rare.
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PMID:Clinical heterogeneity and prognosis in combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria (cblC). 926 89

Clinical features and results of the blood DNA analysis are reported of a child affected with a distinct phenotype of the late infantile form of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (LINCL). He was affected by microcephaly and hypotonia since the fourth month of life; acquisition of motor and language abilities was severely impaired, and a disorder of communication with stereotyped movements followed. By age four, he developed signs and symptoms of progressive myoclonic encephalopathy along with motor and cognitive deterioration. Extrapyramidal signs were associated with neuroradiological findings of marked atrophy of the caudate nucleus. Specific curvilinear bodies were observed in blood lymphocytes and skin biopsy. Homozygous, nonsense mutation in the CLN2 gene was found giving origin to an Arg208stop, which produces an early transcription termination with loss of translation of about 50% of the gene product. Any relationship between the severe clinical features of our patient and the homozygous mutation here reported must be investigated on a larger number of LINCL patients bearing the same mutation.
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PMID:A CLN2 gene nonsense mutation is associated with severe caudate atrophy and dystonia in LINCL. 1107 Nov 45