Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026827 (hypotonia)
 5,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neurological abnormalities are common in patients with organic acidaemias and sometimes these are distinctive. Lesions in various parts of the brain are increasingly being recognised in patients with methylmalonic acidaemia. We present the cases of two patients with methylmalonic acidaemia who became acutely ill with marked metabolic acidosis. CT scan showed bilateral areas of low density involving the globi pallidi. One patient developed dystonic posturing of the upper and lower limbs with rigidity and bradykinesia following her recovery. Treatment with benzhexol and with levodopa and carbidopa had no sustained benefit. Her gait slowly improved but her dystonic posturing remained. The other patient developed marked truncal hypotonia and a variable increase in limb tone following the acute illness. These abnormalities have persisted. It is concluded that structural brain changes, and in particular symmetrical lesions in the globi pallidi, may follow acute illness in patients with methylmalonic acidaemia and be accompanied by neurological symptoms.
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PMID:Focal changes in the globi pallidi associated with neurological dysfunction in methylmalonic acidaemia. 260 65

Neurological examinations were made of 67 children and adults with congenital iodine-deficiency disorder (endemic cretinism) in four rural villages in highland Ecuador. There was a distinct and readily identifiable pattern of neurological deficits. These included, to varying degrees: deaf-mutism or lesser degrees of bilateral hearing-loss or dysarthria; spasticity, particularly involving the proximal lower extremities; mental deficiency of a characteristic type; and rigidity and bradykinesia. Not all of these elements were found in all cases. Less common features were strabismus, kyphoscoliosis and frontal-lobe signs. There were exceptional cases with hypotonia. In contrast, cerebellar function was largely spared, as were functions of emotion and attention, vegetative and autonomic functions, social interaction, and probably memory, except in the most severely involved.
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PMID:Neurological signs in congenital iodine-deficiency disorder (endemic cretinism). 401 26

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 6 (PCH6) is an autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease, typically characterized by pontine atrophy, vermian hypoplasia, infantile encephalopathy, generalized hypotonia, and intractable seizures. The purpose of this study is to describe the seizures and other neurological manifestations of RARS2 gene mutations and to compare the clinical features with other causes of progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Detailed history, physical examination, and clinical and genetic work-up were performed in 2 siblings who presented with progressive myoclonic epilepsy. One sibling, a 20-year-old woman, and the other a 24-year-old man, had a homozygous missense variant (c.848T>A; p.Leu283Gln) in exon 10 of the RARS2 gene. The female patient had action and audiogenic myoclonic jerks, postural tremors, spastic dysarthria, and bradykinesia, and her male sibling had similar features with oculomotor apraxia. The RARS2 gene mutation can present with myoclonic epilepsy, mental retardation, and pyramidal and extrapyramidal features, and is an important differential for causes of progressive myoclonic epilepsy.
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PMID:Expanding spectrum of RARS2 gene disorders: Myoclonic epilepsy, mental retardation, spasticity, and extrapyramidal features. 2988 6