Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026827 (hypotonia)
 5,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using hyaluronic acid (Healon) at the end of a trabeculectomy to fill the anterior chamber reduces postoperative hypotonia, while hyaluronic acid of higher viscosity (Healon GV) can provoke a pseudomalignant glaucoma.
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PMID:The use of hyaluronic acid of different viscosities in preventing postoperative hypotony after trabeculectomy. 795 57

The Lowe syndrome, or oculocerebrorenal syndrome, is a rare X-linked recessive hereditary disease which typically involves three major systems including ocular defects (congenital cataracts, glaucoma, searching nystagmus), central nervous system defects (generalized hypotonia with decreased or absent deep tendon reflex and severe mental retardation), and renal dysfunction (progressive renal tubular dysfunction with acidosis and hyperaminoaciduria). Less than 200 cases have been reported in the English literatures since 1952. This article presents the first case of Lowe syndrome in Taiwan. Patient was a newborn who was born with congenital cataracts, glaucoma, generalized hypotonia with areflexia. In following laboratory studies showed early manifestations of renal tubular dysfunction with metabolic acidosis, proteinuria, glycosuria, phosphaturia and generalized hyperaminoaciduria (19 types). CT of brain showed an arachnoid cyst about 4.5 x 5 cm in size below the cerebellar tentorium. Large amount of copper, about 20-30 times above normal range, was detected in the urine. To our knowledge, Lowe syndrome associated with hypercupriuria and arachnoid cyst has not been reported in the past. Whether hypercupriuria is a part of the entity of this disease or prodromal stage of Wilson's disease is obscure. Further investigation and long-term observation are necessary to draw any conclusion.
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PMID:[Lowe syndrome: report of one case]. 833 87

The imaging findings of two children with acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland are presented. Ultrasonic features are emphasized. One of these children, a 6-year-old boy, suffers from the oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe, a rare congenital, inherited condition manifested by defects of the nervous system (mental retardation, hypotonia), eyes (cataracts, glaucoma) and kidneys. To date, no known association exists between these two rare entities. The other child, a 10-year-old girl, was otherwise well. The ultrasound findings of both cases demonstrate features more classic for a benign intraparotid mass than for a potentially malignant lesion. The possibility of acinic cell carcinoma should be considered if a well-defined, relatively homogenously hypo-echoic intraparotid mass is encountered in a child, especially if cystic spaces are present.
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PMID:Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid in children. 912 68

The authors evaluate the results of preoperative 5-minute administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 50 mg/ml, during trabeculectomy on 11 high risk eyes of children with primary and secondary glaucoma. The mean age of the patients was 7.3 years, the average follow-up period 8.9 months (6-12 months). The intraocular pressure (i.o.p) of 11 eyes before surgery varied between 23 and 46 torr, average 31.5 torr, after treatment it was 13 to 28 torr, average 18.4 torr. The mean drop of IOP was 41.6%. In 7 eyes during the last assessment of IOP < 21 torr with a drop of more than 30%. The remaining 4 eyes have a was IOP between 25 and 28 torr with a reduction of 19-39%. Serious postoperative complications comprised four times marked hypotonia with a shallow anterior chamber, twice choroidal ablation and once macular oedema associated with transient deterioration of vision. In view of the limited therapeutic possibilities of high risk types of glaucoma in children postoperative administration of 5-FU is a promising alternative for the reduction of IOP.
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PMID:[Peroperative administration of 5-fluorouracil during trabeculectomy in complicated glaucoma in children]. 962 46

Deep sclerectomy is a non-perforating filtering operation used in surgical treatment of open angle glaucomas. The advantage of the operation is the creation of gradual filtration due to the thin trabecular Descement membrane which reduces markedly the risk of development of postoperative complications typical for perforating antiglaucomatous operations. The authors operated at the out-patient department 10 eyes of 8 patients (age 46-81 years). Indications for deep sclerectomy was seven times primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), once capsular glaucoma and twice normotensive glaucoma (NTG). In all eyes deep sclerectomy was indicated because of decompensation of the intraocular pressure with maximum tolerated therapy before surgery. None of the eyes were operated previously. The mean value of intraocular pressure before surgery was 25.1 +/- 6.5 mm Hg. From the results ensues that in nine operated eyes the intraocular pressure at the end of the 6-month follow-up period was compensated without supplementary therapy, only in one eye beta-blockers were prescribed one month after surgery. The cause of failure of filtration was the development of superficial adherence at the site of microperforatiion of the trabecular Descemet membrane which developed during operation. The mean intraocular pressure values at the end of the investigation period were 14.3 +/- 2.8 mm Hg. In two eyes haemorrhage into the anterior chamber was observed on the first day after surgery, the blood was absorbed within 24 hours. Hypotonia in two eyes was only transient and was not associated with a change in the depth of the anterior chamber or other complications. In none of the patients a decline of visual acuity was observed. In three operated eyes a change of refraction was necessary due to discontinuation of miotics after surgery. Deep sclerectomy is a delicate microsurgical technique which calls for experience and skill of the surgeon. The most complicated task is to prevent perforation of the trabecular Descemet membrane during surgery. Provided the surgical technique is perfect, it burdens the patient less than commonly performed perforating antiglaucomatous operations and it can be implemented in the out-patient department.
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PMID:[Initial clinical experience with deep sclerectomy in ambulatory surgery in glaucoma]. 1009 69

A 1-month-old infant with Peters anomaly had recurrent episodes of unresponsiveness, hypotension, hypotonia, hypothermia, and bradycardia. An extensive medical evaluation determined these episodes to be caused by brimonidine, an anti-glaucoma agent. There is the potential for serious toxic effects from the systemic absorption of topically applied ophthalmic agents in children.
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PMID:Ophthalmic drops causing coma in an infant. 1200 70

Current opinions concerning the value of trabeculectomy performed in adults and children are presented and compared with author's own experiences. The probability of intra- and postoperative complications especially hypotonia and malignant glaucoma, are discussed.
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PMID:[Management of selected complications of trabeculectomy]. 1129 1

Several new classes of ocular hypotonia medications have recently become available. These include the topical treatments carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, the alpha-2 agonists, the prostaglandin analogues, and a fixed combination of beta-blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. With an equal or superior efficacy than beta-blockers, these new treatments must be reconsidered as first-line therapy in glaucoma. The long-term safety profile of antiglaucomatous drugs plays an important role in the new trends of medical treatment. These data, better known and detailed over time by clinical experience, are changing our habits and advancing therapeutic strategies for a more effective treatment, better suited to the individual, thus allowing the best quality of life possible.
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PMID:[New medical treatments of glaucoma. New strategies?]. 1191 42

Glaucoma drainage devices, also known as aqueous shunts (AS) are widely used in the USA. They consist of a silicone tube that is inserted into the anterior chamber and connected to a plate made of silicone or polypropylene, the explant. The latter is positioned between the recti muscles and over several weeks the surrounding tissue forms a fibrous bleb around the plate. This serves as a permanent filtration reservoir.Recurrent failure of filtrating surgery is the main indication for the use of AS. Other indications include situations in which the formation of a filtering bleb seems to be unpromising because of extensive conjunctival scarring. Qualified success has been achieved for many years in 50-100% of the eyes treated depending on patient selection. The most serious complication is postoperative hypotonia that can lead to serious chorioidal detachment, suprachorioidal hemorrhage, flat anterior chamber and corneal decompensation. To avoid this complication some devices, i.e.the Ahmed Glaucoma and the Krupin valve have integrated mechanisms to sustain a residual intraocular pressure. With other devices i.e. the Molteno and the Baerveldt devices, the tube has to be temporarily ligated until bleb formation has started. On the other hand fibrous infiltration of the bleb 1-4 months after the surgery often leads to a reversible rise in introcular pressure, which can be treated by massaging the bulbus, needling the bleb or injection of antimetabolites. There are no obvious differences between the various forms of AS with regard to the success of pressure regulation. In summary,by close scrutiny of indications and management of complications,drainage systems are a useful option in the management of complicated glaucoma that carry a high risk of failure from conventional filtering surgery.
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PMID:[Drainage systems in glaucoma surgery]. 1247 76

We report here on a Japanese male infant with megalocornea-mental retardation (MMR) syndrome. He had megalocornea (corneal diameter: 13 mm) without glaucoma, developmental retardation, hypotonia, frontal bossing, high-arched palate, carp-like mouth, micrognathia, and delayed myelination. He seems to be included in Verloes type of the MMR syndrome.
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PMID:Megalocornea-mental retardation syndrome: an additional case report. 1250 96


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