Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026827 (hypotonia)
 5,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An attempt is made to synthesize the fundamental information concerning the pathogenesis of chronic functional digestive disorders, which should be designated as "chronic functional dyspepsia". At present the term "irritable colon" does not seem justified since the disorder affects the entire gastrointestinal tract. In the development of this disorder three types of fundamental pathogenic factors apparently participate: 1. Deficient protein nutrition leading to hypotrophy of the intestinal mucosa. 2. Alterations of intestinal motility related fundamentally to neurotic dysfunction. These are hyperreactive phenomena by the smooth muscle in response to normal stimuli on a background of generalized gastrointestinal hypotonia. They seem to be due to an excess of certain neurotransmitters, principally dopamine, at the level of the myenteric plexus. 3. Infectious factors of the infectious Crohn type provoked by intestinal bacterial overgrowth. These derive from motility alterations, with stasis or delayed transit, and hypotrophy due to deficient nutrition that alters the intraluminal ecological medium. This alteration impairs the development of the normal saprophytic flora and facilitates the proliferation of anaerobic colonic germs, leading to intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
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PMID:[Chronic functional dyspepsia or irritable colon]. 267 90

The value of an intravenous (i.v.) smooth muscle relaxant during barium follow through (BaFT) examination has been evaluated in a prospective study of 51 patients. Spot compression films pre- and post-relaxant were compared. Relaxant-induced hypotonia improved image quality in 33 (64.8%) patients by facilitating bowel loop separation and/or graded compression. Additional diagnostic information was obtained in 14 (27.5%), and reporting confidence was improved in 19 (37.3%) patients. A marked analgesic effect occurred in seven patients with Crohn's disease, ameliorating pain that otherwise prevented full compression. Intravenous relaxants are recommended when high tone makes compression difficult, to help separate overlying loops and where pain in Crohn's disease prevents adequate compression.
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PMID:Benefit of intravenous muscle relaxants during barium follow through. 814 7

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, also known as carcinomatous meningitis, is defined by spreading of neoplastic cells to the meninges and ventricles, and is a form of cancer dissemination. In this case, a patient with inflammatory bowel disease had developed a neoplastic process that spread to the meninges. A 49-year-old woman developed an abdominal pain, and was diagnosed the same month with Crohn's disease, complicated with intestinal perforation, for which she was hospitalized. Pathological examination revealed acute phase-terminal ileitis. She undergone many hospitalizations during which she was suspected to have celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and tuberculous meningitis, as well as femoral head necrosis after she had been unsuccessfully treated with Prednisone for Crohn's disease. After she developed peripheral bilateral facial paresis, bilateral hypoacusia, hypotonia, tetraparesis and diminished osteotendinous reflexes at the legs, the patient was admitted in our department. Several lumbar punctures were performed but no specific disease could be detected. The MRI performed showed pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal inflammation. Tuberculous meningitis was taken into consideration and the patient was transferred into an Infectious Disease Department where this diagnostic was infirmed. The patient was retransferred into the Department of Neurology where after an episode of hematemesis she had a cardiac arrest and deceased. Inflammatory bowel disease may involve different segments of the intestine, and may be accompanied by a variety of conditions, such as neurologic findings, osteoarticular manifestations and also may be the starting point of a neoplastic process. The patient had an inflammatory bowel condition, which by the time it was appropriately diagnosed as being Crohn's disease, a neoplastic process spread to the meninges, causing multiple cranial nerve palsy, tetraparesis, along other neurological manifestations.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis in a patient with Crohn's disease. 2533 48