Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently new radioimmunoassay methods have been established to measure plasma concentrations of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), platelet release products which are set free when platelets aggregate. Plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 were investigated in disorders with increased thromboembolic risk. Extremely high concentrations of these platelet proteins were found in patients with venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, polycythemia vera, and chronic renal failure. Moderately increased beta-TG and PF4 levels were observed in patients with peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, and diabetes mellitus. These data indicate, that plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 are useful parameters for the evaluation of the "in vivo" platelet activity. By using these new methods for clinical applications special blood sampling conditions have been taken into account; moreover one has to consider that the plasma levels of the platelet "release products" are dependent from renal function.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of the radioimmunological determination of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4]. 9 43

The nephrotoxic effects of radiographic contrast media (RCM) used for excretory urography and angiography are described in 9 patients. These effects are usually temporary and reversible, but may be permanent. Predisposing factors resulting in renal damage are identified and discussed. These include diabetes, dehydration, myelomatosis, chronic renal failure of many causes and repeated administrations of contrast media with a short period. Suggestions are made in order to reduce the incidence and severity of functional renal impairment after administration of contrast media.
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PMID:Acute renal failure after use of radiographic contrast media. 74 Dec 76

Serum RNase levels were measured in 34 patients with multiple myeloma and compared with 51 normal controls and 28 non-myeloma patients on chronic hemodialysis. Nineteen of the myeloma patinets with creatinine clearance (CCr) greater than 50 ml/minute had mean serum RNase levels that were statistically indistinguishable from those of the normal controls. The 15 myeloma patinets with CCr less than 50 ml/minute had mean RNase levels much higher than normal controls or myeloma patients with normal renal function. Patients without myeloma but on hemodialysis for chronic renal failure of varied etiologies had markedly elevated serum RNase levels. A strong correlation between RNase levels and renal insufficiency, as measured by CCr, has thus been demonstrated. In addition, case histories of 5 representative myeloma patients were analyzed in greater detail; they illustrated the rise and fall of RNase levels as a function of the status of their renal insufficiency, regardless of the extent of the underlying myeloma. We concluded that the serum RNase level was an indicator of renal function, and was not a biomarker either for the presence or extent of the plasma cell tumor.
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PMID:Influence of renal insufficiency on levels of serum ribonuclease in patients with multiple myeloma. 84 91

The detection of monoclonal light chains in the urine by the Bence Jones heat test is a useful adjuvant to the diagnosis of myeloma and other related diseases. The test is particularly helpful when no serum spike is noted. Overall, it is positive in approximately half of all patients with myeloma. In order to assess the accuracy of the test, we reviewed the records of all patients with a positive heat test for Bence Jones proteinuria during a single calendar year. Myeloma accounted for 68%, but patients with amyloidosis, the adult Fanconi syndrome, and others also had positive results. One-fifth of the results were false positive in that urine protein electrophoresis showed no spike and immunoelectrophoresis, no monoclonal protein. This group consisted largely of patients with connective tissue diseases, chronic renal failure, or nonplasmacytic malignancies. We also have seen patients who had monoclonal light chains in their urine but failed to show positive results to the heat test and were thus considered false negative. Although the heat test for Bence Jones proteins is a useful clinical test, one must be aware of both false-positive and false-negative results. Electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis of concentrated urine are the methods of choice for detection of a monoclonal light chain in the urine.
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PMID:The clinical significance of Bence Jones proteinuria. 112 90

To examine functional capacities of the kidneys, reserve potentialities of the urinary tract and the mechanism of the development of chronic renal failure (CRF) in multiple myeloma (MM), 60 patients were examined. In addition to the routine methods of examination, all the patients were subjected to renal sonography. It has been shown that the main causes of CRF in MM are proteinemia and paraproteinuria. Emphasis is laid on the importance of sonography that enables one to measure not only the size of the kidneys, to estimate the status of the parenchyma and calyceal system, but also to reveal the derangement of urodynamics of the upper urinary tract in the stage of latent CRF. It has been demonstrated that one of the effective methods of removing CRF lies in therapeutic plasmapheresis, which is advisable in MM patients even in latent renal failure, preventing the impairment of the tubular system and increasing the filtration and reabsorption capacity of the kidneys.
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PMID:[The basic mechanisms of the development of kidney failure and the methods for its correction in multiple myeloma]. 144 Mar 48

With the aim of determining the relative prevalence of the diseases underlying chronic renal failure (CRF) in a large homogeneous black tropical population, the autopsy records of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital over a four year period were studied. Out of a total of 702 cases coming to autopsy during this period, 66 (9.4%) died as a result of CRF. The highest number of cases of CRF fell within the 31-40 year age group with a male/female ratio of 1.28:1. Chronic glomerulonephritis was responsible for 40.9% of cases, malignant nephrosclerosis 16.6%, benign nephrosclerosis 7.6% while endstage renal disease (ESRD) was responsible for 15.4%. A miscellaneous group of diseases was responsible for 19.7%, about half of which was due to chronic pyelonephritis. Rarer causes of CRF were diabetic nephropathy, multiple myeloma, systemic lupus erythematosus and analgesic nephropathy.
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PMID:The pathological basis of chronic renal failure in Nigerians. An autopsy study. 149 21

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) is an established, effective treatment for the anemia of chronic renal failure. Recent reports also suggest it may be efficacious in the anemias of drug toxicity, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple myeloma without renal failure. We describe the positive response to rHuEpo in an end-stage renal disease patient with active multiple myeloma and ongoing chemotherapy. Before rHuEpo therapy, the patient was transfusion dependent, but after rHuEpo was initiated, transfusions were not required. Multiple myeloma with renal failure does not preclude a response to rHuEpo. Further trials of rHuEpo in the treatment of multiple myeloma with and without renal failure are warranted.
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PMID:Recombinant human erythropoietin in a patient with multiple myeloma and end-stage renal disease. 156 19

L-PAM and prednisone (MP) has been challenged, almost from the start, by combination chemotherapy (CT) with its strong theoretic backing, as the standard chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. In effect, the two contestants were really evenly matched. Unfortunately, neither of them has been able to provide a satisfactory weapon against this remarkably resistant disease. This lack of an effective therapy has stimulated both the search for new strategies and an ongoing controversy. MP remains the standard induction chemotherapy for MM. Nevertheless, in several clinical conditions CT is preferable. The 18% of MM patients who show at presentation acute or chronic renal failure may be safely treated with regimens including cytotoxic drugs with a nonrenal excretion, such as doxorubin. Moreover, low-dose oral melphalan is not recommended for young patients in the event of their enrollment in high-dose programs. The standard chemotherapy for MM will continue to be an area of great controversy until a new treatment strategy proves to be clearly superior in large randomized studies.
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PMID:Standard chemotherapy for myelomatosis: an area of great controversy. 158 79

Serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels were determined by the recombigen EPO RIA kit (DPC) in normal subjects and patients with renal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and a variety of hematological disorders. Mean (+/- SD) serum EPO levels were 18.6 +/- 5.6 mU/ml in 180 normal subjects and no sex difference was obtained. Serum EPO levels in older subjects were slightly greater than those in younger subjects. There was a negative correlation between serum EPO levels and Ht values in anemic patients with normal renal function, whereas serum EPO levels were within the normal range in anemic patients with renal disorders, suggesting that serum EPO levels were relatively low in patients with chronic renal failure. Serum EPO levels were rather increased in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism. High serum EPO levels were obtained in patients with a variety of hematological disorders such as acute leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplasia syndrome, aplastic anemia and pure red cell aplasia. In a patient with pure red cell aplasia treated with glucocorticoids, serum EPO levels were lowered before anemia was recovered and reticulocytes were increased. These findings indicate that measurement of serum EPO levels are useful for not only differential diagnosis of anemia but also clinical evaluation of the treatment.
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PMID:[Clinical use of serum erythropoietin determination by the recombigen EPO RIA kit]. 164 Jun 56

Metastatic pulmonary calcinosis is a rare complication seen in malignancies accompanied by hypercalcemia, or chronic renal failure. We reviewed the clinicopathological findings of 8 cases of metastatic pulmonary calcinosis accompanied malignancy revealed at autopsy. The underlying diseases were malignant lymphoma in 3 cases (adult T cell lymphoma in 2 cases), multiple myeloma in 2, lung cancer in 2, and acute myelocytic leukemia in 1, all cases were complicated by hypercalcemia and renal failure. Chest X-ray revealed almost normal findings in 2 cases, bilateral diffuse infiltrates in 4, bilateral infiltrates in the apex in 1, and right atelectasis in 1. Bone scintigraphy was performed in 4 cases, and revealed warm pulmonary uptake in 1 patient with multiple myeloma and 1 with lung cancer, but normal findings in the 2 other cases. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse alveolar septal edema and fibrosis due to calcium deposition, which were considered to be the cause of respiratory failure. Metastatic pulmonary calcinosis is a rare but a serious complication in malignancies accompanied by hypercalcemia and renal failure, and bone scintigraphy seems to be a useful method for its diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological features of metastatic pulmonary calcinosis with malignant neoplasm]. 175 31


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