Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary malignant sacrococcygeal tumours are relatively rare and difficult to detect. In our series of nine cases there were five sarcomas, two chordomas, one lymphoma and one myeloma. The tumours were from 5 to 16 cm in diameter when detected. The patient delay varied from 2 to 12 months, the doctors' delay from 2 to 6 months. The radiological method leading to the diagnosis was plain film in four, CT in three, tomography in one, and myelography in one. CT showed especially the soft tissue involvement. In four cases, the tumour was not visible on the plain film. The tumour was palpable per rectum in three cases. Our experiences show that many sacrococcygeal tumours are missed in a plain X-ray. Tomography and CT produce the most useful diagnostic information. CT and MRI are replacing conventional tomography. We believe that CT examinations of the sacrococcygeal region should be performed when symptoms suggest a tumour to be present.
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PMID:Primary malignant sacrococcygeal tumours: reasons for diagnostic delay. 209 17

A patient with chronic, bilateral optic disc edema developed multiple systemic manifestations of POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin changes). A serum immunoelectrophoresis showed an abnormal serum IgG lambda protein, and urine immunoelectrophoresis revealed a monoclonal lambda protein plus an IgG lambda fragment. Bone survey and MRI scan revealed a sclerotic lesion of the first lumbar vertebra, and lymph node biopsy showed changes consistent with Castleman's disease. Thus, his optic disc edema was the presenting feature of the POEMS syndrome and osteosclerotic myeloma.
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PMID:When do optic disc edema and peripheral neuropathy constitute poetry? 217 27

A 57 year old female patient demonstrated subacute generalized cerebellar symptoms and the investigations which were done exhibited that the clinical picture was due to the remote effect of multiple myeloma. In this case of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, MRI showed cerebellar vermian atrophy when the brain CT scan was negative. Diagnosis of multiple myeloma was possible only on about the 17th month of the illness when monoclonal gammapathy-IgG in serum of the patient and abnormal plasma cells of 13% in her bone marrow biopsy were exhibited. Bence-Jones proteinuria with kappa light chain was found in the 3.4th year of the illness. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration disabled the patient in 3-4 months and remained as an irreversible process during the 3.4 years in which she was followed until her death. Chemotherapy for multiple myeloma did not affect the cerebellar syndrome.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with multiple myeloma--3.4 years follow up. 221 16

Magnetic resonance imaging has opened new possibilities to current diagnostic radiology in the evaluation of bone marrow. In the past, bone marrow imaging was based on conventional radiology, nuclear medicine and computed tomography; they all exhibited some capabilities but also some limitations. Bone image on MR scans is due to bone marrow, with its different components of red and yellow marrow. Since red marrow is mostly liquid and yellow marrow contains large amounts of fat, the signal will vary, on T1-weighted images, according to their different proportions. There is a gradual change from red marrow to yellow marrow from birth to adulthood: this change determines the MR appearance of bone marrow, the different features of which should be known for a correct evaluation of pathologic findings. MRI is extremely effective in the evaluation of infiltrative disorders of bone marrow, such as leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, primary and metastatic skeletal tumors, and infections. MRI allows depletive disorders of bone marrow and ischemic processes to be studied. Finally, MRI allows the non-invasive follow up of bone marrow pathologic conditions, thus representing a valid alternative to biopsy.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance of the bone marrow]. 224 25

The radiographic findings of perirenal amyloidosis have not previously been described. A patient with multiple myeloma and primary amyloidosis (AL) with secondary hydronephrosis as examined on plain film, retrograde ureteropyelography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging is presented. This case illustrates perirenal amyloidosis and demonstrates the utility of CT and MRI in patient management and surgical treatment.
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PMID:MR and CT imaging of perirenal amyloidosis. 275 15

In most bone tumors, the patient's local symptoms, which are usually pain and/or swelling, are nonspecific. Laboratory studies are of little significance in the diagnosis of the bone tumors, except myeloma and metastatic prostatic carcinoma. Though a definitive diagnosis must be made histologically, roentgenograms afford practically conclusive evidence of the malignant or benign nature of bony lesions and often indicate the histologic type. Differential diagnosis of malignant bone tumors which were misled as benign conditions were mainly described, and advantages and disadvantages of radiologic imaging methods such as RI, CT, and MRI, were also discussed. In the diagnosis of malignant soft part tumors, aspiration biopsy was strongly recommended but this necessitates experts' hand to avoid dissemination of the tumor cells to the normal tissue.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of malignant bone and soft part tumors]. 317 1

A 51-year-old man developed fever and lumbago followed by rapidly progressive bilateral sensory disturbance below the 9th thoracic spinal cord level, flaccid paraplegia, urinary obstruction and constipation. Based on radiological examinations and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of transverse myelopathy due to epidural abscess was made. A series of MRI studies revealed multiple abscess formation in the paravertebral muscles. Hypergammaglobulinemia with M protein was observed continuously, and further examination revealed multiple myeloma in the early stage. Since it has been reported that several different immunosuppressive mechanisms precede the development of bone lesions in multiple myeloma, these mechanisms may have played an important role in the rapid progression of the abscess in this patient. Multiple myeloma is not only important as one of the disorders underlying epidural abscess of unknown etiology, but important in predisposing to severe infection as a result of the immunosuppressive mechanisms present starting in the early stage of the disease.
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PMID:[A case of multiple myeloma complicated by acute transverse myelopathy due to epidural abscess]. 754 26

A 62-year-old man with aleukemic Bence Jones type multiple myeloma who developed neurologic abnormalities is reported. After admission, consciousness disturbance appeared and a lumbar puncture obtained M-protein. Though brain CT showed no abnormal findings except a punched out lesion of the temporal bone, MRI disclosed remarkable enhancement of the dura mater. Meningeal involvement by myeloma cells without leukemic blood picture is very rare though it is common in other lymphoproliferative disorders such as acute lymphocyte leukemia and malignant lymphoma. We report a case of BJ type multiple myeloma with meningeal involvement due to diffuse infiltration to the dura mater and discuss a possible mechanism of meningeal involvement in this patient.
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PMID:[Bence Jones type multiple myeloma showing diffuse infiltration to the dura mater by myeloma cells]. 756 99

The bone marrow of 84 patients with hematological disorders was investigated using short inversion time inversion recovery sequence (STIR) on an 1.5 Tesla superconducting MRI system. Double echo times of 20 and 100msec were applied to research the signal characteristics of the lesion and carry out quantitative analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The hematological diseases included 19 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 18 of multiple myeloma (MM), 18 of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), 9 of aplastic anemia (AA), 8 of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 3 of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 3 of myelofibrosis, and 3 others. Using STIR with double echo times, bone marrow showed high signal intensity (SI) on short TE and low SI on long TE in MDS and CML; high SI on short and long TE in myelofibrosis and CLL; high SI on short TE and high to moderately high SI on long TE in MM; and low SI on short and long TE in AA. Quantitative analysis of 33 patients showed high sensitivity and specificity in AA (81% and 94%, respectively) and moderate sensitivity and high specificity in MM (61%, 88%). CML and MDS were similar with low sensitivities (40%, 41%) and high specificities (80%, 78%). Differential diagnosis between CML and MDS was difficult using STIR with the double echo time method.
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PMID:[Object analysis of bone marrow MR imaging using double echo STIR sequence in hematological diseases]. 763 52

A case of multiple myeloma having plasmacytoma in the frontal bone and clivus is reported. A 68-year-old female was referred to our hospital because of a subcutaneous mass in the frontal region. She was diagnosed as having multiple myeloma 7 years ago and had been treated with chemotherapy. On admission, severe anemia, hyperproteinemia and elevation of serum lambda type immunoglobulin G (IgG) were pointed out. Plain skull X-rays showed numerous punched out lesions with a large bone defect of the frontal bone. CT scan and MRI revealed a mass lesion in the clivus in addition to a large epidural tumor in the frontal region. The encapsulated frontal epidural tumor was totally resected and cranioplasty was performed with resin. Histological diagnosis was plasmacytoma of IgG lambda type. The postoperative course was uneventful, and chemotherapy was continued. There was no tumor recurrence in the frontal region and no neurological deterioration, but she died of DIC 15 months after the operation. Twenty seven cases in the literature of multiple myeloma forming cranial or intracranial plasmacytoma were briefly reviewed. Although the prognosis of such cases is poor, total resection of medullary plasmacytoma is warranted especially in multiple myeloma patients who don't have another extramedullary plasmacytoma or plasma cell leukemia.
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PMID:[A case of multiple myeloma associated with a large subcutaneous mass in the frontal region]. 819 32


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