Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A complete, functional gamma 2b gene (pVCM) was cloned from a mouse hybridoma (VD93) with antibody activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DNA sequencing of the VDJ region of pVCM determined that the VH gene was a member of the J558 family rearranged to JH2. Upon transfection into myeloma cells the gamma 2b gene gave rise to high levels of gamma 2b mRNA and gamma 2b protein. The gamma 2b protein had the same IEF pattern as the parent hybridoma protein VD93 and the antibodies formed from a combination of the pVCM gamma 2b chains and the myeloma lambda-chains bound weakly to P. aeruginosa. However, the hybrid antibodies did not discriminate between the serotypes 2 and 3, whereas the parent protein was specific for serotype 3. Transgenic mice were produced with the pVCM gamma 2b gene which expressed the gamma 2b mRNA (both membrane and secreted forms) only in lymphoid organs. However, contrary to expectations, the gamma 2b mRNA levels were higher in T cells than in B cells in three different transgenic lines. The serum of the transgenic mice had no activity to P. aeruginosa indicating the importance of L chains for the conformation of the Ag binding site. These gamma 2b transgenic mice provide a convenient tool for the study of feedback inhibition of Ig gene rearrangement.
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PMID:Cloning of a gamma 2b gene encoding anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa H chains and its introduction into the germ line of mice. 245 61

Serogroup-specificity of Legionella pneumophila is related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and few cross-reactions between serogroups have been observed with rabbit or monkey antisera. C57BL/6 mice were sequentially immunized with crude outer membrane fractions of L. pneumophila serogroups 1, 5, and 7, Legionella bozemanii, and Legionella micdadei. Spleen cells from these mice were then fused with the Sp2-0/Ag14 mouse myeloma cell line. Outer membrane-rich fractions and LPS were prepared from L. pneumophila serogroups 1 to 8 and other Legionella and non-Legionella species. Immunoblots of these extracts were performed with monoclonal antibody obtained from these fusions. One of these monoclonal antibodies recognized an epitope common to all tested serogroups of L. pneumophila and attached to the major constituent of the outer membrane, LPS. This antibody did not react with other Legionella species and numerous gram-negative rods other than Pseudomonas fluorescens CDC93. This monoclonal antibody may be useful in preliminary identification of L. pneumophila as an alternative to direct fluorescent-antibody testing.
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PMID:Common epitope on the lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila recognized by a monoclonal antibody. 245 35

Monoclonal antibodies against the alkaline phosphatase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were produced from spleen cells of BALB/c mice primed with purified alkaline phosphatase of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and SP20/Ag-14 myeloma cells. The eight stable clones established produced antibodies that reacted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent and indirect immunofluorescence assays with all bacterial strains of P. aeruginosa, including the 17 serotypes and two nontypable strains. Three of the clones cross-reacted only with some Pseudomonas species of the rRNA homology group I defined by N. J. Palleroni (in N. R. Krieg and J. G. Holt, ed., Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 8th ed., p. 140-218, 1984). The other clones also interacted with other species, including Pseudomonas acidovorans and Xanthomonas maltophilia. Because other species of the genera Aeromonas and Acinetobacter and species of the family Enterobacteriaceae were not detected by these monoclonal antibodies, the antibodies could be used as reagents for routine detection of P. aeruginosa in clinical specimens. Interactions of the antibodies with other Pseudomonas species such as P. fluorescens and P. stutzeri are not important, since these species are susceptible to the same antipseudomonal agents.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against alkaline phosphatase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 250 43

Sepsis is one of the important complications on the treatment of severe hematological diseases. In this report, we analyzed sepsis in 309 patients with hematological diseases who were admitted to the First Department of Internal Medicine of Yokohama City University Hospital from 1979 to 1986. Positive blood culture were found in 17.8% (55/309 cases) and total positive cases were 73 including recurrent patients. Positive rate by underlying diseases was 30.3% in acute leukemia, 20.8% in chronic myelocytic leukemia, 17.2% in aplastic anemia, 8.0% in multiple myeloma, 6.0% in malignant lymphoma and 6.5% in others. The organisms causing sepsis were as follows; gram negative bacilli 56.4%, gram positive organisms 34.6%, fungus 6.4% and anaerobic bacteria 2.6%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in 19.2%. The mortality rate of patients with sepsis was 34.2% (25/73 cases). The significant prognostic factors in patients with sepsis were the degree of neutropenia, duration of neutropenia (500 less than microliters), the species of organisms, simultaneous complication with shock and the site of other infections.
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PMID:[Sepsis in patients with hematological diseases]. 274 71

Human monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against the O antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were produced by cell fusion between human tonsillar lymphocytes and P3-X63-Ag8-U1 (P3U1) mouse myeloma cells. To obtain human Mabs efficiently, 6 d culture supernatants of pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes (21 cultures from peripheral blood and 76 from tonsils) were assayed by ELISA. Five tonsillar lymphocytes which produced IgG antibody specific for P. aeruginosa LPS were preselected for fusion. The human Mabs, named P1-1 (IgG2, kappa), P5-1 (IgG2, lambda), P7-1 (IgG2, lambda), P8-1 (IgG2, lambda) and P10-1 (IgG2, kappa), bound with high specificity to Homma standard serotype strains A, E, B, G and I, respectively, and recognized O antigens. Each Mab showed opsonophagocytic killing activity of the corresponding serotype strain. Four of the Mabs caused agglutination at a very low concentration; a rather higher concentration of P7-1 was required for this effect. Although all the Mabs conferred type-specific protection against peritoneal infection, the strongly agglutinating Mabs provided better protection than the moderately agglutinating P7-1. The protective activity of P8-1 was estimated in compromised mice. A low dose (PD50 0.5-0.6 microgram per mouse) of P8-1 prevented subcutaneous infection in burned mice and peritoneal infection in leucopenic mice. All the hybridomas described here could be cultured in serum-free medium, and they have continued to secrete human Mabs for more than 14 months at rates of 10-20 micrograms per 10(6) cells in 24 h. These results suggested that these five human Mabs specific for O antigens might be useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
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PMID:Immunoprotective human monoclonal antibodies against five major serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 314 60

A chimeric toxin composed of human interleukin 6 (IL-6) attached to a portion of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) devoid of its own cell recognition domain has been produced in Escherichia coli. The fusion protein (IL-6-PE40) is cytotoxic to a human myeloma cell line expressing IL-6 receptors but has no effect on IL-6 receptor-negative cells. The specificity of IL-6-PE40 cytotoxicity was demonstrated through competition with excess IL-6 and neutralization with an antibody to IL-6. IL-6-PE40 may be useful in the selective elimination of myeloma cells and other cells with high numbers of IL-6 receptors.
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PMID:Cytotoxic activity of an interleukin 6-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion protein on human myeloma cells. 326 6

Over the 15-yr period, 1972-1986, 194 episodes of bacteremia occurred in 132 patients with acute leukemia at the Third Department of Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, giving an incidence of 478 episodes per 1,000 hospital admissions. This incidence was at least twice as high as that in patients with chronic leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma or aplastic anemia, and about 40-fold higher than that in patients with all other internal diseases. The rate of occurrence of bacteremia, whether unimicrobial or polymicrobial, remained almost unchanged throughout the study period. The frequency of gram-negative bacilli decreased significantly, however, from 81% of the total isolates for the first 10-yr period to 50% for the second 5-yr period. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated in markedly decreasing frequency, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae in relatively constant frequency. The majority of P. aeruginosa isolates belonged to a limited number of O-antigen groups, suggesting the possibility of nosocomial infection. On the other hand, the frequency of gram-positive cocci increased from 9 to 36%. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus species, and Staphylococcus aureus emerged as important pathogens. Such a change in the spectrum of organisms was considered to coincide with the common use of the so-called second- and third-generation cephalosporins and central venous catheters. It is thus suggested that vancomycin be added to empiric antibiotic therapy, especially when gram-positive infections are clinically or microbiologically suspected, and that reducing the acquisition of P. aeruginosa from the hospital environment remains a priority in infection prevention.
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PMID:Bacteremia complicating acute leukemia with special reference to its incidence and changing etiological patterns. 341 88

Infected patients with hematological disorders were treated with the combination of cefmenoxime (CMX) and cefsulodin (CFS). This therapy was done on 74 patients, of whom 38 (51%) had acute myelocytic leukemia, 14 (19%) malignant lymphoma, 7 (9%) acute lymphocytic leukemia, 5 aplastic anemia, 4 adult T cell leukemia, 4 chronic myelocytic leukemia, 1 multiple myeloma and 1 histiocytic medullary reticulosis. Complicated infections included 5 cases of septicemia, 41 cases of suspected septicemia, 19 cases of respiratory tract infection, 2 with anal abscess, 1 with urinary tract infection and others. The obtained results were as follows: Clinical effectiveness of the combination therapy was excellent in 17 cases (23.0%), good in 24 (32.4%) and poor in 33 (44.6%). Total clinical efficacy rate was 55.4%. Clinical efficacy rate was 40% against septicemias, 51.2% against suspected septicemias and 57.9% against respiratory tract infections. Causative pathogens were isolated in only 21 cases (28.4%): Gram-positive bacteria in 9 cases, Gram-negative bacteria in 11 and fungus in 1. About half of the Gram-negative bacteria belonged to Pseudomonas sp. The efficacy rate of this combination therapy against Gram-negative bacterial infections was 72.7% but the rate against Gram-positive bacterial infections were only 33.3%. Only in 1 case, this combination therapy was discontinued because of drug eruption. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 5 cases: Elevation of BUN in 3, GOT and GPT in 1 and prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time in 1. In conclusion, this combination therapy of CMX and CFS is useful and safe against infections complicated by hematological disorders.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of a combination therapy using cefmenoxime and cefsulodin on infections complicated by hematological disorders. Tohkai Research Group on Infections in Hematopoietic Disorders]. 348 23

A case of septicemia caused by Pseudomonas stutzeri belonging to the unusual biotype Vb-3 in a patient with multiple myeloma is described. The origin of the septicemia was attributed to a community-acquired pneumonia. The bacteriology and pathogenicity of P. stutzeri are reviewed.
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PMID:Pseudomonas stutzeri pneumonia and septicemia in a patient with multiple myeloma. 381 40

Ten hybridomas which produced monoclonal antibodies against species-specific cephalosporinase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were constructed by somatic cell fusion of SP-2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from hyperimmunized BALB/c mice and intraperitoneally injected into mice. Monoclonal antibodies were partially purified from ascites fluids. All ten antibodies thus prepared were IgG immunoglobulins. In a solid-phase immunoassay the antibodies gave positive reactions which could be prevented by the presence of free cephalosporinase. When the antibodies were precipitated with anti-(mouse IgG), the cephalosporinase activity was co-precipitated. Also, these antibodies were co-eluted with cephalosporinase activity in gel filtration. Nine of the monoclonal antibody preparations elevated the cephalosporinase activity by about 6-40% and only one inhibited it by about 50%. All the monoclonal antibodies were highly specific to P. aeruginosa cephalosporinase and showed no cross-reaction with nine cephalosporinases and four penicillinases of other gram-negative bacteria.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies against species-specific cephalosporinase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 391 63


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