Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A monoclonal rat IgM (kappa) antibody (MAb) is produced by a hybridoma obtained by fusion of the rat myeloma Y3 Ag 1.2.3 with spleen cells from a female W/Fu rat bearing a yolk-sac carcinoma isograft. In the rat this antibody (4D7) shows strong selective binding to all tested yolk-sac carcinomas, but no binding to cultured cells of a number of other tumor types or to cells of normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of the specificity of the antibody confirmed the strong binding to yolk-sac carcinomas and also revealed binding to some other rat tissues. These include one colon carcinoma, the embryonic ectoderm and the primitive visceral endoderm of 8.5-day-old embryos, the central nervous system and the oviduct epithelium and some cells in the seminal tubules, the gastrointestinal epithelium and associated mucus and also the distal tubuli and collecting ducts of the kidney. The MAb binds strongly to purified SSEA-1 but not to purified Lewis A glycolipid. It is concluded that the 4D7 MAb recognizes a determinant which is identical to or includes Gal beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-3) GlcNAc. The immunogenicity of the SSEA-1 determinant is further confirmed by the demonstration that antibodies binding to purified SSEA-1 but not to Lewis A appear in the sera of some of the rats developing primary yolk-sac carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:A rat monoclonal antibody 4D7 produced by a hybridoma established from a yolk-sac tumor-bearing rat binds selectively to the stage-specific embryonic antigen SSEA-1. 288 79

The fine specificity analysis of two human monoclonal antibodies (AbFCM1 and AbHJM1) reacting with gangliosides is described and their specificities are compared with analogous mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These two antibodies were generated from lymphocytes of melanoma patients by Epstein-Barr virus transformation followed by fusion with mouse myeloma NS-1. Using a wide variety of gangliosides, including N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc)-containing compounds, the precise structures recognized by these two antibodies were elucidated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunostaining of thin-layer chromatograms. AbFCM1 reacted with N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc)-type GM3, GD1a, sialylparagloboside, and GT1b in decreasing order of intensity. This antibody also reacted with (NeuAc-NeuGc-)-GD3 and -disialylparagloboside, but did not react with NeuGc-type GM3, GM2, sialylparagloboside, (NeuGc)2-GD3 and -disialylparagloboside. The main epitope structures recognized by AbFCM1 are, therefore, NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1- and NeuAc alpha 2----8NeuGc alpha 2----Gal beta 1-. These results are similar to the specificity of mouse mAb M2590. AbHJM1 reacted with NeuAc-type GD3 and disialylparagloboside, GD2, GD1b, GM3, and GT1b, in decreasing order of intensity. Among NeuGc-type gangliosides, this antibody reacts with (NeuAc-NeuGc-)-GD3 and -disialylparagloboside, but did not react with gangliosides containing only NeuGc. Consequently the epitope structure recognized by AbHJM1 is probably (R)-(NeuAc alpha 2----8Sialic acid alpha 2----3)Gal beta 1-. Mouse anti-GD3 mAbR24, in contrast, showed strong reactivity only with GD3 and -disialylparagloboside among NeuAc-type gangliosides, but showed a similar pattern to AbHJM1 in its reactivity with NeuGc-containing gangliosides. Although these two human monoclonal antibodies are not highly restricted in their specificities, they reacted best with the major gangliosides, GM3 and GD3, present in the majority of human melanomas.
 ...
PMID:Two human monoclonal antibodies reacting with the major gangliosides of human melanomas and comparison with corresponding mouse monoclonal antibodies. 290 45

We have studied the rearrangement status of the T cell receptor genes in 64 B lymphoid cell lines, and we found that, unlike the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in T lymphocytes, T cell receptor beta and related gamma chain genes are almost always in germ-line configuration in B lymphoid cells. The only exception was a myeloma MOPC511 (IgA, chi) which contained all T cell receptor genes, beta 1, beta 2, gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3 and alpha, in rearranged configuration in both homologous chromosomes. This exception supports the concept that all immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes exploit the same recombinase to build their complete variable regions. Obviously, in MOPC511 cells the regulation, which confers the tissue specificity i.e. T vs. B lymphocytes, has failed.
 ...
PMID:Rearrangements of T cell receptor loci can be found only rarely in B lymphoid cells. 300 4

We have developed two types of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to the turkey erythrocyte beta 1-adrenergic receptor in order to study the beta-adrenergic-cAMP system of epidermis. Splenic cells from BALB/c mice immunized with partially purified turkey erythrocyte beta 1-receptors were fused with mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0-Ag14. Five hybridomas of 17 positive cells producing antibodies which could precipitate soluble turkey erythrocyte beta 1-receptors were cloned by the limiting dilution method. The antibodies cross-reacted with beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors and stained epidermal basal cells with immunocytochemical techniques. Neither type of antibody interfered with the antagonist binding, i.e., all antibodies bound to sites other than the ligand binding site on the surface. One type of antibody inhibited epinephrine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in our "leaky" epidermal cell system. The data suggest that the antibody interferes with the coupling of the receptor to the regulatory protein.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to the beta-adrenergic receptor: modulation of catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase by the antibody. 301 55

Hybridomas secreting antibodies bearing the ABPC48 (A48) regulatory idiotype (Id) were generated from BALB/c mice treated at birth or as adults with minute amounts of anti-A48-Id antibodies. The majority of these antibodies were recognized by the syngeneic monoclonal anti-A48-Id and anti-UPC-10-Id antibodies, IDA10 and 10-1, respectively. In Northern blotting experiments, most of these hybridomas were shown to use VH (heavy chain variable region) genes related to the 441-4 germline VH gene that encodes the A48 VH region. Hybridization was detected between polyadenylated H chain mRNA, isolated from the majority of the hybridomas, and the VH probe. Southern blots confirmed these results by showing a rearrangement of VH-related sequences to the JH (H chain joining segment) clusters on these same hybridomas. The antibodies from all of the hybridomas that derived from neonatal mice and half of those derived from adult mice showed specificity for fructosan determinants that, in most cases, was different from the beta 2-6 fructosan linkage specificity of A48. Surprisingly, several of the non-fructosan-binding hybridomas generated from the adult mice and the MOPC-173 myeloma demonstrated a clear specificity for the beta 1-6-D-galactan determinant. Of four galactan-binding myeloma proteins studied. XRPC 44 alone shared idiotypy with the UPC-10 myeloma. These findings suggest a possible clonal crossreactive regulation mediated by regulatory idiotopes. The crossreactive regulation concept is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Immunochemical and molecular characterization of regulatory idiotopes expressed by monoclonal antibodies exhibiting or lacking beta 2-6 fructosan binding activity. 392 36

Sera from 51 patients with multiple myeloma, 48 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and 10 patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (78 men and 31 women) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for four placental proteins: the common alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones (alpha), chorionic gonadotropin and/or its free beta subunit (CG-beta), placental lactogen (PL), and "pregnancy-specific" beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1), to see if these would be useful tumor markers to distinguish benign from malignant monoclonal gammopathies. The 95th percentiles for serum alpha concentrations in our male patients and normal men were 7.0 and 2.0 ng/ml, respectively. When male patients with renal failure (known to be associated with elevated serum alpha) were excluded, the 95th percentile for serum alpha for the remaining 73 non-uremic men was 4.0 ng/ml. Of these, 7 with MGUS, 2 with macroglobulinemia, and 17 with myeloma had serum alpha concentrations above the 95th percentile for normal men, and analysis of covariance showed that both age and disease category were significantly related to serum alpha concentration. When the serum alpha concentrations from our 73 non-uremic men and 119 normal men were pooled, the 90th percentile was 2.7 ng/ml, and 16 of the 19 individuals in the top 10th percentile came from our non-uremic men (p less than 0.00002). For serum SP1, analysis of data combining our 109 patients with 93 controls again revealed a disproportionate number of the top 10% in our patient population. The 95th percentiles for serum alpha in our female patients, and for serum CG-beta in both sexes, were not significantly elevated above controls. Serum PL concentrations exceeded the 95th percentile of normal in only 5% of our patients, and were not further analyzed. Serum alpha and SP1 concentrations, but not those of CG-beta or PL, were significantly higher for our patients than for controls. These placental proteins are unlikely to be generally useful as tumor markers for monoclonal gammopathies, however, because of the overlap among "benign" and malignant groups, and because of a lack of correlation with stage of the disease as observed in our myeloma patients.
 ...
PMID:Placental proteins as tumor markers in human monoclonal gammopathies: results in 109 patients. 393 36

A hybridoma, C-50, obtained by fusion of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with cells from the colorectal carcinoma cell line COLO 205, produced antibodies that detected ganglioside antigen in human adenocarcinomas in many organs. The major ganglioside antigen fraction isolated from liver metastases of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma, behaving as a homogenous band on thin-layer chromatography, consisted of three different gangliosides. One of them, A (25%), had the same carbohydrate structure as the ganglioside antigen defined by monoclonal antibody 19-9, NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3(Fuc alpha 1-4)GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc-Cer(Fuc-3'-isoLM1) Magnani, J.L., Nilsson, B., Brockhaus, M., Zopf, D., Steplewski, Z., Koprowski, H. and Ginsburg, V. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 14365-14369). The major ganglioside, B (60%), was the isomeric hexasaccharide ganglioside (NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-3)GlcNAc beta 1-3-Gal beta 1-4Glc-Cer(Fuc-3'-LM1) and the third ganglioside, C, was 6'-LM1, NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc-Cer (15%). Ganglioside B, isolated from human kidney, did not react with the C-50 MAb. Based on this result and on studies of COLO 205 cell induced tumours where the ganglioside antigen fraction only consisted of A, it is suggested that the C-50 MAb defines an antigen determinant present in A.
 ...
PMID:Chemical structure of carcinoma ganglioside antigens defined by monoclonal antibody C-50 and some allied gangliosides of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 397 12

Mouse myeloma immunoglobulin IgM heavy chains were cleaved with cyanogen bromide into nine peptide fragments, four of which contain asparagine-linked glycosylation. Three glycopeptides contain a single site, including Asn 171, 402, and 563 in the intact heavy chain. Another glycopeptide contains two sites at Asn 332 and 364. The carbohydrate containing fragments were treated with Pronase and fractionated by elution through Bio-Gel P-6. The major glycopeptides from each site were analyzed by 500 MHz 1H-NMR and the carbohydrate compositions determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The oligosaccharide located at Asn 171 is a biantennary complex and is highly sialylated. The amount of sialic acid varies, and some oligosaccharides contain alpha 1,3-galactose linked to the terminal beta 1,4-galactose. The oligosaccharides at Asn 332, Asn 364, an Asn 402 are all triantennary and are nearly completely sialylated on two branches and partially sialylated on the triantennary branch linked beta 1,4 to the core mannose. The latter is sialylated about 40% of the time for all three glycosylation sites. The major oligosaccharide located at Asn 563 is of the high mannose type. The 1H-NMR determination of structures at Asn 563 suggests that the high mannose oligosaccharide contains only three mannose residues.
 ...
PMID:Major carbohydrate structures at five glycosylation sites on murine IgM determined by high resolution 1H-NMR spectroscopy. 408 5

Immunoelectrophoretic study of serum proteins in patients with various types of malignant proliferations of haemopoietic tissue was performed. It was established that myeloproliferative diseases (chronic myeloleukemia, acute leukemia) are notable for changes in alpha 2-globulins (frequent increase in the content of alpha 2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin) increase in the of beta 1 A-globulin as well as for reactive increase in the content of one or several immunoglobulins. During malignant proliferations of lymphoreticular tissue (chronic lympholeukemia, lymphosarcoma, myeloma, lymphogranulomatosis), major disturbances occur in the group of immunoglobulins, changes in which during this pathology can be of three types: reactive increase, decrease with a syndrome of antibody deficiency, paraproteinemia. The type of changes of immunoglobulins is determined by morphogenetic species of malignant cells.
 ...
PMID:[Immunoelectrophoretic characterization of the changes in serum proteins in hemoblastosis]. 531 20

Spleen cells from BALB/c mice, immunized with SDS-acrylamide gel purified human fibroblast interferon (HuIFN-beta) were fused with mouse myeloma cells. Culture fluids from the resulting hybrid cells were screened for HuIFN-beta specificity by the following tests: a solid-phase RIA using partially purified HuIFN-beta, a protein-transfer RIA using electrophoretically resolved and immobilized HuIFN-beta, and a bioassay which tests residual HuIFN-beta activity in the supernatant following immunoprecipitation. Six HuIFN-beta-specific hybridomas were identified; two were capable of partially neutralizing HuIFN-beta activity. All six antibodies bind to the beta 1-IFN polypeptide synthesized in E. coli cells containing a cloned beta 1-IFN DNA sequence. All six monoclonal antibodies were found to be IgG3/kappa.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibodies directed against human fibroblast interferon: characterization and functional studies. 620 71


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>