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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human myeloma proteins of IgG4 subclass in contrast to myeloma proteins IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3, were capable of blocking PCA reactions in monkeys mediated by human reaginic antibodies of IgE class. In addition to IgE, IgG4 myeloma protein was also capable of sensitizing leukocytes from normal individuals and gave histamine release (HR) upon challenge with anti-human IgG4. Leukocytes from 11 allergic individuals and from 9 normal subjects sensitized with the serum of allergic patients, were capable of releasing histamine with anti-human IgG4, anti-human IgE, and the specific allergen. No response was obtained with anti-human IgG1 and IgG3 sera. Leukocytes from the normal individuals released histamine from 3 to 20% with anti-human IgG4 and from 6 to 30% with anti-human IgE. Moreover, normal leukocytes sensitized with IgG4 myeloma protein or a serum of an allergic patient heated at 56 degrees C for 2 h, released a significant amount of histamine on challenge with anti-human IgG4 whereas no response was obtained with anti-human IgE. The biological role of human IgG4 in immediate hypersensitivity reactions is discussed in relation to human IgE.
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PMID:Inhibition of reagin-mediated PCA reactions in monkeys and histamine release from human leukocytes by human IgG4 subclass. 6 38

The antigenic properties of the VH region of immunoglobulin heavy chains were studied by means of a fragment corresponding to the variable part of the heavy chain of an IgG3 myeloma protein (KUP) and an antiserum made against this fragment. By hemagglutination, hemagglutination inhibition, and immunofluorescence techniques, it was shown that the anti-VH antiserum detected three sets of antigens in the VH region, namely idiotypic antigens, VH subgroup-specific antigens, and VH domain-(framework) specific antigens. The VH fragment inhibited in a VHII subgroup-specific hemagglutination inhibition test system. The VH fragment was thus antigenically similar to the tvh region found in the intact molecules and the light chains were not needed to express the VH subgroup antigens or the VH framework antigens.
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PMID:Antigenic studies of a VH fragment: demonstration of three sets of antigens, idiotypic, VH subgroup, and VH framework-specific antigens. 6 84

Sera of 86 patients suffering from G-myeloma were studied for the purpose of determination of subclasses of monoclone IgG. Investigations were carried out by means of antisera to subclasses IgG by the double diffusion method in gel after Ouchterlony. The following distribution of myeloma Ig was revealed: G1--70%, G2--17%, G3--11%,and G4--2%. In typing of the light igG chains by the method of immunoelectrophoresis, using antisera to the light chains of immunoglobulins of the chi and lambda type it was found that IgG1 chi was encountered more frequently than IgG1 lambda (3:1 ratio). The amount of the sera with the IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 was insufficient for the reliable conclusion of their distribution by the type of light chains.
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PMID:[Determination of the subclasses of monoclonal human immunoglobulins G and of the light chain type with the aid of specific antisera]. 9 24

Guinea pigs were used for preparing antisera to human IgG subclasses for anti-IgG1, and rabbits--for anti-IgG2, anti-IgG3, and anti-IgG4. Schemes of laboratory animals immunization with myeloma paraproteins of four IgG subclasses were determined. Methods of antisera absorption for bringing them up to strict monospecificity were worked out. Antisera specificity were determined by the precipitation test after Ouchterlony with standard myeloma proteins in the concentration of 1 mg/ml, and in the passive hemagglutination test with erythrocytic antigenic diagnostic agents. Precipitating antisera to four human IgG subclasses were obtained.
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PMID:[Subclasses of human IgG. I. Production of antisera to IgG subclasses]. 10 46

Structural and immunological properties were determined for sixteen IgG and one Bence-Jones, human monoclonal cryoglobulins. The heavy chain subclass percentages were 47% IgG1, 14% IgG2 and 29% IgG3, and were different from previously reported distributions of myeloma proteins. In addition, 69% (eleven out of fifteen) of the cryoglobulins and 100% (seven out of seven) of the IgG1 cryos contained type lambda light chains. Electrofocussing of the cryoproteins by analytical liquid gradient column showed the isoelectric points to be included in the range of pH 6.3--8.9. The pI of six light chains and five out of six heavy chains were at acidic and slightly basic pH, respectively. The pI of the intact cryoglobulins were thus close to those of their constituent heavy chains. Six out of seven of the heavy chains were subjected to automated Edman degradation and were classified as containing vH-i or vH-ii variable region subgroups on the basis of their blocked amino termini. One type lambda light chain was unusual in that it contained an amino terminal sequence initially described in an amyloid fibril protein and is the first instance in which light chains with this sequence have been isolated from IgG. The data support the notion that the cryoglobulins are IgGs with unique structural and immunological properties which separate them from non-cryoprecipitable IgGs.
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PMID:Immunological and structural properties of human monoclonal IgG cryoglobulins. 11 83

Human neutrophils (PMN) degranulated in response to soluble human immune complexes and to myeloma proteins, including subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG)1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 coated on 1.09-mum latex beads. Immunochemical measurement of lactoferrin (LF) from specific granules and myeloperoxidas (MPO) from azurophil granules showed that both classes of granule degranulated. Beads with soluble complexes of human anti-pigeon IgG-normal pigeon IgG, prepared from serum of a patient with pigeon breeders disease, induced significantly greater degranulation than did pigeon IgG-coated beads. Up to 40% of LF in the PMN degranulated during phagocytic challenge and 86% of that entered the extracellular fluid. Twenty to 30% of the MPO degranulated, but less than 50% of that entered the extracellular fluid. The degranulated LF and MPO which remained in the PMN were recovered from phagocytic vacuoles. Beads coated with purified human myeloma proteins (12 different ones, three of each subclass) induced degranulation in the order IgG3 greater than IgG1 greater than IgG2 greater than IgG4; however, these differences were found to be a function of the amount of latex ingested. Thus, the amount of degranulation was dependent more on the opsonizing capacity of the immunoglobulins rather than on their intrinsic capacities for inducing degranulation. Degranulation of both LF and MPO in response to IgG subclasses followed patterns similar to those caused by soluble immune complexes, and IgG3 coated on beads caused degranulation equal to that caused by human complex-coated beads. Degranulation to IgG3 and IgG4 was uninfluenced by fresh compared with heat-inactivated human AB serum. This was true although IgG3 beads fixed greater than sixfold more complement than did IgG4 beads. Evidently human IgG subclasses enhance phagocytosis and degranulation of human PMN. The overwhelmingly extracellular degranulation of LF in response to various bead coating suggest that it subserves a major protion of it role outside PMN.
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PMID:Fate of human lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase in phagocytizing human neutrophils: effects of immunoglobulin G subclasses and immune complexes coated on latex beads. 17 46

Lancefield extracts of 19 types of group A streptococci as well as one group C and one group G strain were examined for agglutination of human red cells coated with various anti-Rh antibodies. Fourteen extracts agglutinated one or more of the coated cell samples, while five did not. The agglutination was inhibited by Fc but not by Fab fragments of human IgG. After mouse passages, three of the non-agglutinating strains acquired agglutinating capacity. At least three different reactivities were distinguished by the action of the extracts on IgG1 and IgG3 coated cells, respectively. Two of the streptococcal extracts, agglutinating the same anti-Rh coated cells, could be further differentiated in hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) experiments using purified IgG3 myeloma proteins. Five selected agglutinating systems were inhibited by purified myeloma proteins of the IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 subclasses. IgG3 proteins inhibited only two of the five HAI systems.
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PMID:Interaction of the Fc part of IgG with Lancefield extracts of hemolytic streptococci. Strain specificity and activity. 37 86

Lymphocytes from 20 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were studied for membrane staining by direct immunofluorescence by employing anti-F(ab')2, anti-VHI, anti-VHII, anti-VHIII subgroup-specific antisera, as well as light chain-specific antisera. Some lymphocyte preparations were also studied in indirect immunofluorescence with an antiserum raised against a fragment (VH) corresponding to the variable region of the heavy chain of a human IgG3 myeloma protein (Kup). Lymphocytes from each CLL patient demonstrated a restriction of VH subgroups expressed on the cell membrane; six were restricted to the VHI subgroup, seven to VHII, and seven to the VHIII subgroup. This restriction gave further evidence for monoclonality of the membrane-bound Ig and the leukemic cell proliferation. Antiserum to the VH fragment stained closely similar percentages of CLL lymphocytes to that obtained with anti-F(ab')2 antiserum. Furthermore, double staining revealed that the same cells were stained with anti-VH antiserum as were stained with anti-F(ab')2 antiserum, i.e., only the B lymphocytes.
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PMID:A study of the variable heavy chain (VH) region of membrane-bound Ig on human chronic leukemic lymphocytes. 40 55

Two mutant cell lines derived from the MPC-11 mouse myeloma synthesize immunoglobulin with abnormal heavy chains and normal light chains. The defective heavy chains have molecular weights of 38,000-42,000 (M3.11) and 50,000 daltons (ICR 11.19) as compared to 55,000 daltons of the wild-type. The glycosylation of the defective heavy chains demostrated several unusual features: first, 30-50% of the M3.11 heavy chain contained no carbonydrate, while 100% of the wildtype and ICR 11.19 heavy chains were glycosylated; second, the glycopeptides of the M3.11 heavy chains revealed an altered gel filtration pattern when compared with the wild-type; and third, digestion with an endoglycosidase indicated that the heterogeneity of the wild-type and M3.11 glycopeptides involved structural changes in the core region of the oligosaccharide. Examination of two other glycoproteins (the major histocompatibility complex antigens) in these cell lines showed that in M3.11, the H-2D but not the H-2K product was abnormally glycosylated and contained a smaller glycopeptide. However, in a subclone of M3.11 that had lost the ability to produce immunoglobulin heavy chains, the H-2D glycopeptide had returned to wild-type size. We concluded from these studies that the defective M3.11 immunoglobulin heavy chain interfered both with its own glycosylation and the glycosylation of another protein, H-2D.
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PMID:Abnormalities in the glycosylation of immunoglobulin heavy chain and an h-2 transplantation antigen in a mouse myeloma mutant. 40 5

Amino acid sequence analysis of the pFc' fragment obtained by pepsin digestion of an IgG3; G3m(g) human myeloma protein HER shows it to consist of 112 residues. It starts at position 334 (gamma1 numbering), contains eight residues of the Cgamma2 region, and the whole Cgamma3 domain. Comparison with the sequence of gamma1 shows five differences including an extra Met at 397. Each is accountable by a single base substitution. The sequence is identical to that of a G3m(b0) molecule except for the previously noted allotype related Tyr/Phe exchange at position 436. The high degree of homology (95%) among gamma-chain subclasses suggests a recent diversification.
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PMID:The amino acid sequence of a human immunoglobulin G3m(g) pFc' fragment. 40


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