Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immunological phenotypes of lymphocytes and myeloma cells in 48 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) were analyzed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Myeloma cells were positive for OKT10, BL3, PCA1 and BA2. In a few cases, they were also positive for the B cell-associated antigens J5, B1 and I2. Eight of 48 cases had more than 15% J5-positive lymphocytes, and some lymphocytes in MM expressed plasma cell-associated antigens (PCA1, BL3, OKT10), suggesting a possible clonal involvement. These observations demonstrate the heterogeneity of surface antigen expression of myeloma cells and suggest that BL3, PCA1, BA2 and J5 may be useful mAbs for purging myeloma cells from bone marrow for autologous transplantation.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic analysis of lymphocytes and myeloma cells in patients with multiple myeloma. 210 50

In multiple myeloma (MM) an increase in circulating lymphocytes expressing plasma cell-associated antigens (PCAA) has been described. Its prognostic significance was evaluated in this study. The immunologic phenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes was analyzed with a panel of monoclonal antibodies specific for B, T, natural killer lymphocytes, and PCAA (CD38, PCA1) in 52 MM patients at diagnosis, remission, and during relapse, 18 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and 25 normal controls. No significant phenotypic alteration was observed in MGUS. In MM, the number of B lymphocytes was in the normal range at diagnosis and during the subsequent phases. A CD4/CD8 ratio decrease, during relapse, was due to both a CD4+ reduction and to an expansion of a subset of CD8+ activated suppressor lymphocytes. CD38+ and PCA1+ lymphocytes at diagnosis were significantly higher than in MGUS, and a further increase was observed during relapse, suggesting a correlation between PCAA expression and disease activity. The prognostic significance of increased PCAA was confirmed by a survival analysis of 32 patients evaluated at diagnosis using a CD38 cutoff of 0.45 x 10(9)/L positive lymphocytes. Median survival for patients with high values was only 14 months, whereas it was not reached at 32 months by those with low values (P less than .0007).
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PMID:Multiple myeloma: increased circulating lymphocytes carrying plasma cell-associated antigens as an indicator of poor survival. 211 28

Dual-parameter flow cytometric analysis of B-cell antigens and DNA content was used to determine the phenotypes of proliferating tumor cells (S-phase cells) from 30 patients with multiple myeloma. B4 (CD19), J5 (CALLA, CD10), B1 (CD20), and monotypic surface immunoglobulin (Slg) were expressed heterogeneously in 24 patients. J5 and monotypic Slg were found most frequently but were always expressed on a significantly lower percentage of cells than the antigens typically associated with plasma cells, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (Clg) and T10 (CD38). S-phase cells were found in each antigen(+) subset. B antigen(+) cycling cells were demonstrated in 16 patients whose marrow or blood cells expressed B antigens exclusively in the hyperdiploid fraction and therefore were certainly part of the myeloma clone. Similar to the low level of proliferative activity of the T10(+), Clg(+), and PCA1(+) subsets, the percentages of cycling cells of the preplasma cell B-antigen-bearing myeloma subsets ranged from less than 1% to 12%. The tumor cells of four patients were also studied with dual-color surface antigen analysis and demonstrated independent expression of B antigens, with only rare coexpression of T10 and monotypic Slg, J5, or B4. These findings are consistent with the presence of distinct myeloma subsets bearing differing B phenotypes in the same tumor and provide evidence that the proliferation in myeloma is occurring at various developmental stages in the malignant B lineage. These antigens may be important targets for immunologic therapy aimed at eliminating the entire proliferating compartment of this B-cell tumor.
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PMID:B-cell surface phenotypes of proliferating myeloma cells: target antigens for immunotherapy. 230 68

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation, primarily in bone marrow, of a clone of plasma cells. The nature of the stem cells feeding the tumoral compartment is still unknown. To investigate this special point, we have studied the phenotypes of nine well-known human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) and compared them with those of normal lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Twenty-four clusters of differentiation involved in B lymphopoiesis were investigated using a panel of 65 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). For each cluster, the percentage of positive cells and the antigen density were determined, giving rise to a "quantitative phenotype". We thus classified the HMCLs into two different groups: those with cytoplasmic mu chains (c mu+) and those without (c mu-). In the first (c mu+) group, comprising seven cell lines, the HMCLs had a phenotype of pre-B/B cells close to that of Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. They expressed low densities of surface mu chains, without detectable cytoplasmic or surface light chains. Three of them were infected with the Epstein Barr virus (EBV). These c mu+ HMCLs bore most of the B-cell antigens except CD23. They expressed the CALLA antigen (CD10) and lacked the plasma-cell antigen PCA1. In contrast, LCLs expressed surface light chains, high densities of CD23, low densities of PCA1 antigen, and no CD10 antigen. The c mu- HMCLs had a plasma-cell phenotype, lacking most of the B-cell antigens and expressing high densities of PCA1 antigen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Phenotypic analysis of human myeloma cell lines. 253 14

A case of 77-year-old female with multiple myeloma (IgG-k) developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL) following a myelodysplastic stage after chemotherapy with melphalancyclophosphamide combinations for 6 years. The leukemic blast cells expressed both myeloid antigens (CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33 and CD34) and T/B lymphoid antigens (CD2, CD4, CD22 and PCA1). Cytogenetic analysis revealed a chromosome deletion -7. Analysis of immunoglobulin genes showed the heavy chain genes in germ line configuration. These findings indicate that the AMMoL was a therapy-related stem cell leukemia and was a clonal origin genetically different from multiple myeloma irrespective of plasma cell phenotype.
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PMID:Acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a patient with multiple myeloma: evidence for different clonal origin. 754 40