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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukaemias which complicate myeloma under treatment are usually acute non-lymphocytic leukaemias. We report here a case of acute leukaemia with lymphoblastic features occurring 30 months after diagnosis of myeloma. The exceptional character of this association lead us to refine the cytological diagnosis by studying surface markers and ultrastructural cytochemistry. Because of the absence of T or B markers, and the absence of peroxidase activity in the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus of blastic cells, we conclude that this leukaemia is "null" lymphoblastic.
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PMID:[Acute leukaemia with lymphoblastic features occurring during myeloma (author's transl)]. 31 28

Anti-peroxidase antibody (Ab)-secreting hybrids have been produced by fusion of peroxidase (PO)-immunized mouse lymph node cells and immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting P3-X63-Ag8 (X63) myeloma cells. Identification of Ab-secreting hybrids can be performed as early as day 5 after cell fusion by the hemolytic plaque assay. Immediately after identification, hybrids were directly isolated, by means of a micropipette, into Terasaki microchambers containing nutrient medium and a thymocyte filler layer. The yield of secreting hybrids is improved by using this procedure. All the cells of the PO 772 C2 clone show the same ultrastructural pattern and immunocytological properties; they are proplasmocytes, as are the parental X63 cells; they present intracisternae Ab and show no Ig or Fc receptors at the cell surface. Over 90% of viable PO 772 C2 cells form specific plaques. Isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis show that the cells of this clone secrete Ab; the secreted Ig are formed with chi and gamma 1 chains from the parental X63 cells and specific L and H chains from the lymphoid parent. These biological investigations demonstrate the relative stability of the PO 772 C2 clone secreting anti-peroxidase antibody.
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PMID:Anti-peroxidase antibody-secreting hybrid lines. I. Identification, cloning and cell characterization. 37 90

A human-mouse hybridoma has been produced by fusion of Hashimoto thyroid lymphocytes with the mouse myeloma line X63-Ag8.653. The cloned hybridoma secreted 2.5 micrograms per 10(6) cells per day of an IgG kappa thyroid peroxidase (TPO) autoantibody (2G4) with high affinity (2.5 x 10(9) molar-1) and specificity for human TPO. 2G4 did not react with lactoperoxidase, horseradish peroxidase or human myeloperoxidase or with porcine TPO or with human thyroglobulin. Plastic tubes coated with 2G4 bound about 50% of 125I-labelled human TPO added and the binding was inhibited by IgGs prepared from 18/18 TPO autoantibody-positive sera. This indicated that all 18 sera contained autoantibodies which recognised the same (or closely related) epitope as 2G4. Plastic tubes coated with IgGs from different TPO autoantibody-positive patient sera also bound 125I-labelled TPO but inhibition by 2G4 in this system was not complete. This suggested that the sera contained at least 2 types of TPO autoantibodies, with only one type of autoantibody reactive with the same epitope as 2G4.
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PMID:Production and characterisation of a human monoclonal thyroid peroxidase autoantibody. 128 77

To simplify the labor-intensive process of making hybridomas, we fused popliteal lymph node cells, used an autoclavable serum-free culture medium throughout, and cloned hybridomas with human blood cell feeders. To make the best possible use of the serum-free medium, we adapted mouse myeloma cells to it. Using as little as 0.2 ml of human blood per culture plate, we successfully cloned hybridomas and established a hybrid cell line producing anti-peroxidase antibody. Our protocol affords a considerable saving on time, labor, and cost, and hopefully will encourage the forensic scientist to undertake the production of monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:Efficient methods for production of monoclonal antibodies for forensic applications. 130 46

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 13 healthy hepatitis B vaccines were transformed with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) producing antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs antibodies). Seven LCL and two clones secreting human anti-HBs monoclonal antibody were generated and their antibodies purified. One clone was fused with a mouse myeloma and the antibody from a cloned anti-HBs secreting heterohybridoma purified. One of the 10 purified human anti-HBs antibodies was characterized as IgG4, the remainder were IgG1. The antibodies had either kappa or lambda light chains. Five of the antibodies which were conjugated to horseradish peroxidase recognised the "a" group determinants.
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PMID:Development and characterization of human anti-HBs antibodies. 137 11

Balb/c mice were immunized with beta subunit isolated and purified from crude human chorionic gonadotropin preparations. Spleen cells from the higher titered mouse were fused with Sp 2/0 myeloma cells. Four specific secreting hybridomas were obtained. Specificity, affinity, and suitability of secreted antibodies for use in enzyme immunoassays were studied. Ascites of the selected hybridoma was raised; the antibody was purified by protein A-affinity chromatography and coupled to horseradish peroxidase. This conjugate was employed in a simultaneous sandwich enzyme immunoassay on microtiter plates sensitized with goat polyclonal antibody to measure the hormone. The test has a sensitivity of 10 mlU/ml either on urine, serum, or plasma samples when read in a microplate reader. The results can also be evaluated by the naked eye, with a sensitivity of 20 mlU/ml. No cross reactivity was detected with other human gonadotropins.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to beta subunit of choriogonadotropin: development and use in a sandwich ELISA pregnancy test. 138 83

Beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) is a well-known tumor marker, particularly in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in whom survival decrease in relation to high serum beta 2-MG concentrations. We investigated the level of serum beta 2-MG by radioimmunoassay (RIA) double antibody method in 14 cases of MM, 13 cases of benign monoclonal gammopathy, and 25 healthy controls. Beta-2-MG of the kidneys was stained by the MM by peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method and clinical courses were compared. In controls, the serum beta 2-MG concentration increased with aging, and its concentration of MM was higher than that of controls. Most MM patients with positive beta 2-MG staining in glomeruli showed poor prognosis. Beta-2-MG staining of proximal and distal tubuli did not contribute to the prognosis of MM.
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PMID:[The prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma--the aspect of histological distribution to the renal tissue and serum level of beta 2-MG]. 140 55

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) combined with monoclonal gammopathy or multiple myeloma has rarely been reported. In this article, two siblings, a brother and his sister who showed simultaneous occurrence of MDS and monoclonal gammopathy are reported. The first case, a 73-year-old male, was admitted to our hospital in November, 1987. Analysis of peripheral blood revealed pancytopenia without blast cells. Bone marrow was hypocellular with 14.9% of myeloblasts and 2.8% of plasma cells characterized by 2 to 4 nuclei. Serum IgA level was 635 mg/dl and serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed a monoclonal IgA lambda band. The second case, a 70-year-old female, younger sister of the first case, was admitted to our hospital in January, 1988. Bone marrow was normocellular with 23% of peroxidase-negative myeloblasts and 12.8% of atypical plasma cells. Serum IgG level was 1,901 mg/dl with monoclonal IgG kappa band. Hematological findings have remained unchanged for 12 months. The first case was regarded as hypoplastic MDS with monoclonal gammopathy and the second case was MDS with smoldering myeloma. These cases were very similar with in respect to age, time of onset, clinical course, hematological findings and especially, association with M-protein. There are no reports concerning the familial incidence of MDS with M-protein. These findings supported the hypothesis that an initial event selects a clone of stem cells which retain the capability to differentiate into mature myeloid and lymphoid cells, in these cases B-cells.
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PMID:[Familial occurrence of myelodysplastic syndrome concomitant with monoclonal gammapathy]. 163 65

The kidney mitochondrial monooxygenases known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha- and 24R-hydroxylases are two analogous enzymes which utilize the vitamin as a common substrate for the catalytic production of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. These two enzymes are complexes of NADPH-ferredoxin reductase, and an (Fe-S)-cluster containing ferredoxin with a redox potential that allows the ultimate transfer of reducing equivalents to the terminal oxidases distinctly known as cytochromes P-450(1) alpha and P-450(24). We have used in vitro immunizations of splenocytes obtained from mice sensitized with the purified cytochrome P-450(1) alpha to generate three hybridoma clones from fusion with p3 x 63.Ag8.653 myeloma ATCC cells which selectively secrete monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of the IgM class. The MAbs have been partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by size separation chromatography on Sephacryl S-200-HR. We have compared the structural similarities and differences between the two kidney enzymes in Western Blot analyses using horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti-mouse Igs specific for the heavy and light chains of mouse IgA, IgG and IgM. The MAbs from all three clones recognized and interacted with apparent common epitopes of the two hydroxylases but selectively discriminated against liver microsomal P-450LM2 type and adrenal mitochondrial P-450SCC cytochromes. The cytochromes P-450(1) alpha and P-450(24) were detected as two separate bands with approximate molecular weights of 57 and 55 KDa, respectively. In reconstitution of hydroxylase activities in vitro, the MAbs were equally effective in inhibiting the 1 alpha-hydroxylation and 24R-hydroxylation reactions. The ratio of micrograms of Igs to pmol cytochrome P-450 for a 50% inhibition of either activity was approximately 25. These results, collectively, seem to suggest the existence of a precursor-product relationship between the kidney mitochondrial 1 alpha- and the 24R-hydroxylases, or perhaps, a common ancestral origin. Immunochemical peroxidase anti-peroxidase staining of kidney tissue first exposed to the MAbs revealed that only the proximal tubular segment of the nephron was specifically enriched with the cytochromes.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to chick renal calcium regulating hemeproteins. Biochemical and immunohistochemical interactions with mitochondrial 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 hydroxylases. 172 40

A monoclonal antibody, M2, was produced by somatic cell hybridisation of splenocytes, from mice immunised with human fetal brain, with the murine myeloma cell line NS-1. Indirect immuno-peroxidase staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections showed that, whilst the monoclonal antibody gave a positive reaction with 32/39 astrocytomas from adult patients and 33/36 of children's astrocytomas of the adult histological type, only 17/39 of juvenile astrocytomas were stained. A Chi-squared test showed that the difference in staining between the two groups (adult versus juvenile) was highly significant (p less than 0.0001). In contrast, using a polyclonal antiserum to GFAP, a significantly larger proportion of juvenile astrocytomas than adult astrocytomas stained positively (p less than 0.05). Thus, whereas the distribution of GFAP accorded with the general finding that the degree of malignancy of a tumour correlates with the loss of cell type specific markers, the distribution of M2 reactivity was similar to that of some oncogene products which increase with malignancy. From the flow cytometry data it is apparent that the antigen recognised by M2 is not cell cycle dependent.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody which discriminates between sub-types of astrocytoma. 174 99


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