Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The RNA-dependent DNA polymerase present in intracisternal A-type particles from mouse myeloma tumor cells has been studied. This polymerase can use either endogenous A particle RNA or an exogenous synthetic polynucleotide [poly (rA)] as a template. The DNA reaction product is small (4S-10S) and over 90% of it hybridizes to A particle RNA, whereas up to 50% of it hybridizes to murine sarcoma-leukemia virus RNAs. The RNA isolated from purified A particles is generally of low molecular weight (5S-15S) but contains small amount of 70S and 35S components. These results suggest that A-type particles may be related to C-type oncornaviruses.
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PMID:Characterization of DNA polymerase and RNA associated with A-type particles from murine myeloma cells. 4 84

The partially purified immunoglobulin light chain messenger RNA fraction from P3K (MOPC 21) mouse myeloma tissue-culture cells has been employed in hybridisation studies. Fragments of the messenger RNA were generated by alkali hydrolysis. 6-S fragments not containing poly(A) showed the characteristic biphasic hybridisation profile seen with the intact RNA fraction. 12-S and 6-S poly(A)-containing fragments, however, showed single transitions lacking the rapidly hybridising component. Complementary DNA copies of the intact messenger RNA fraction were prepared with RNA-dependent DNA polymerase and the DNA populations fractionated on acrylamide gels. Hybridisation experiments with complementary DNA fractions up to 800 bases in length showed annealing to single (or a few) genes. A rapidly hybridising component (about 200 copies) appears in the cDNA fraction containing the largest transcripts. We conclude that the kappa constant region gene and the MOPC 21 variable region gene are present as one or a few copies in the haploid genome and that the rapidly hybridising component is not due to variable region genes.
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PMID:Mouse immunoglobulin genes: studies on the reiteration frequency of light-chain genes by hybridisation procedures. 5 93

Intracisternal A particles from the FLOPC-1 line of BALB/c myeloma have been shown to contain high-molecular-weight RNA (60 to 70S) that is sensitive to RNase, alkali degradation, and heat but resistant to Pronase treatment. The intracisternal A-particle RNA contains tract of poly (A) approximately 180 nucleotides long. As shown in a reconstitution experiment, by antigenic analysis of A-particle preparation and the SC cytopathogenicity assay, the 70S RNA was not due to contamination by type C virus particles. The FLOPC-1 intracisternal A particles also possess an endogenous RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. The enzyme required Mn2+ or Mg2+, dithiothreitol, detergent, and four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates for maximum activity. Enzymatic activity was maximally stimuated by poly (rC)-oligo (dG)12-18 and less with poly (rG)-oligo (dC)10 or poly (rA)-oligo (dT)12-18 as compare with synthetic DNA/DNA duplex templates such as poly (dA)-oligo (dT)12-18. The enzyme can utilize the A-particle endogenous RNA as template as shown by analysis of the early and late DNA products of the endogenous reaction by CsSO4 isopycnic gradient centrifuation and hybridization of purified 70S or 35S A-particle RNA with the purified complementary DNA product. Approximately 50% of the A-particle complementary DNA also hybridized with oncornavirus RNA.
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PMID:Intracisternal A particles from FLOPC-1 BALB/c myeloma: presence of high-molecular-weight RNA and RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. 5 76

V-regions of immunoglobulins chains contain 3 types of positions, which are equally represented: invariant and sub-group characteristic, which account for the "framework" and hypervariable positions, responsible for antigen recognition. The 3 types of positions are grouped and fall within a very few discrete stretches. Sub-group characteristic segments containing one of the 2 cysteyl residues of the V-regions may be isolated by high voltage paper electrophoresis and provide a basis to type for sub-groups in the VK and in the VH human systems. This allowed to characterize a large set of human myeloma proteins that were used in a series of competitive hybridizations which indicated that sub-groups had no influence on preferential reassociations, which occurred in 80% of the cases. This preference seems to rely mostly on individual structural differences, which may be linked to heterogeneity at the framework level. Distinction between framework heterogeneity and hypervariable regions heterogeneity may be approached by raising antibodies against a mouse myeloma protein, MOPC 173, of known sequence, by means of syngeneic and allogeneic immunizations, using Balb/c and A/J mice. Junction of distinct portions of immunoglobulin chains such as the V and the C regions raises the possibility that some recognition signals may operate at the DNA level. Since rotational symmetry regions in the DNA are known to act as such signals, it is discussed whether such regions can be expected from the amino acid sequence data, especially in the vicinity of the "switch" peptide.
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PMID:Structural and functional mapping of immunoglobulin V-regions. 6 Sep 1

C-type particles secreted in vivo by MOPC-315 myeloma cells were characterized. These particles localize at a density of 1-16 g/ml in sucrose and possess a 60 to 70S RNA and an RNA-instructed DNA polymerase. Endogenous enzyme activity requires manganese and is inhibited by ribonuclease or by the omission of any of the deoxynucleoside triphosphates. The enzyme utilizes the virus 60 to 70S RNA as a template to synthesize DNA molecules which specifically hybridize to the homologous RNA.
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PMID:RNA-instructed DNA polymerase associated with C-type particles produced in vivo by murine myeloma cells. 6 43

RNA-driven complementary DNA (cDNA) hybridization experiments have been carried out in order to detect complementary sequences in RNA prepared from a mouse T cell lymphoma line (EL4). In conditions where efficient hybridization of L-chain cDNA with homologous P3 myeloma mRNA was observed, poor hybridization was observed with EL4 mRNA unless a low criterion of hybrid formation was employed (i.e. hydroxyapatite fractionation). The hybrid formed between EL4 mRNA and L-chain cDNA was found to melt about 5 degrees C below the homologous hybrid indicating that the sequence detected in EL4 mRNA is similar but not identical with the P3 mRNA sequence. However, a similar sequence was detectable in a Clambda-producing myeloma cell line but in this line the concentration of the sequence was found to be an order of magnitude lower than in EL4 cells.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin-like messenger RNA in a mouse T cell lymphoma. 6 49

Plasmacytoid cells in the bone marrow of 3 patients with myeloma and plasma cells in the bone marrow of a 6-year-old boy with an infectious disease were assessed cytophotometrically, first after Giemsaand second after Feulgen staining. The cell and nuclear surface and the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio were determined from the number of measuring points. The nuclear DNA content of individual cells was registered and the distribution of DNA within the nucleus was assessed by the distributional error. Both the mean nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the distributional error of myeloma cells varied from patient to patient but could not be used to differentiate between normal plasma cells and myeloma cells. It was not possible either to differentiate these cell types by multiplying the mean nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio with the mean distributional error of the nuclear DNA. A strong correlation between cell and cytoplasmic surface area was observed both in normal plasma cells and in myeloma cells.
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PMID:Differentiation of plasma and myeloma cells of man. Combined planimetric and cytophotometric studies. 6 46

A high molecular weight RNA-reverse transcriptase complex in the culture media of peripheral leukocytes obtained from two Japanese patients with myeloma-leukemia was detected by demonstration of a 3H-uridine peak and a peak of DNA polymerizing activity banding at a density of 1.15-1.19g/ml. The enzyme in the complex was able to utilize poly(rA)-d(pT)10 or poly (rC)-d(pG) 12-18, but not poly (dA)-d(pT) 10 or (dT) 12-18 as template-primers. The sucrose density sedimentation analysis revealed that RNA in the complex sedimented at a location of approximately 50s and 20-30s.
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PMID:RNA-reverse transcriptase complex from cultured human myeloma-leukemia cells. 7 Dec 70

Total poly(A)-mRNA from polyribosomes of MOPC 21 mouse myeloma were investigated. Poly(A)-mRNA was released by two successive chromatography on oligo (dT)-cellulose. A 14S fraction of total poly(A)-mRNA was obtained and partially purified by sucrose gradient centrifigation followed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. As estimated from the electrophoretic analysis, the 14S mRNA has three components, one of which appears to be 18S rRNA and two others--mRNAs with molecular weight of 5.2.10(5) and 3.8.10(5), respectively. Total poly(A)-mRNA and partially purified 14S mRNA were active when employed as a template in a reverse transcription and cell-free system from wheat germ. DNA complementary to the 14S mRNA was prepared with avian myeloblastosis virus RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. This cDNA was heterogeneous in size with the average size of about 800 nucleotides when analyzed by gel electrophoresis in 98% formamide. The maximal length was about 1100 nucleotides that consistent with full template length. About half of the translation product directed by the 14S mRNA migrated as mature L-chain Ig (upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate). The presented data suggested that 14S mRNA species contain mRNA L-chain Ig.
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PMID:[mRNA of mouse plasmacytoma. Reverse transcription and translation in cell-free systems]. 8 67

Mouse thymuses with more than 99% T cells have been reported to contain immunoglobulin kappa mRNA-like molecules (kappa RNA) in relatively large quantities. The present study was undertaken to rule out the possibility that the kappa RNA was mainly a product of a few contaminating B cells of the thymus and to determine whether all T-cell subpopulations contained kappa RNA. By in situ hybridization with DNA complementary to kappa mRNA (kappa cDNA) the following observations were made: 98.5% of thymus cell preparations hybridized with kappa cDNA; the 1.5% unlabeled cells were generally larger and paler staining than the majority of thymus cells. Only 0.015% of thymus cells were intensely labeled and appeared to be plasma cells. Also, 87% of spleen cells hybridized with kappa cDNA; most of these showed similar labeling intensity to the majority of thymus cells. The number of unlabeled cells corresponded to the percentage of hemopoietic cells and macrophages in the spleen. Spleen cells in the range of 0.37-0.85% were intensely labeled and appeared to be plasma cells. The following controls supported the conclusion that the results with thymus and spleen were due to specific hybridization: most of the kappa mRNA-deficient tissue culture cells of the plasmocytoid tumor ABPL-4 did not hybridize with kappa cDNA. The kappa mRNA-producing cells from myeloma PC 3741 hybridized in situ with kappa cDNA. Furthermore, all cells from this tumor and all spleen cells hybridized uniformly with a cDNA probe complementary to most of the total cellular poly(A)-containing RNA species of these cells. These results indicate that T cells of all types in the thymus as well as in the periphery contain substantial quantities of kappa RNA.
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PMID:Direct demonstration of immunoglobulin kappa chain RNA in thymus T cells by in situ hybridization. 9 43


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