Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since 1972, 25 cases of multiple myeloma had been diagnosed. Of them, 22 (88%) were over 50 years old. Most of them had bone pain with anemia to different degrees. Marked elevation of ESR was found in 19 cases. Bence-Jones protein was detected in the urine in 15 cases resulting in elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Twenty-two of 23 cases were found to have a high peak of abnormal globulin. Increased plasma cells with abnormal features in the bone marrow were observed in 17/21 cases. Multiple osteolytic lesions, compression fracture and osteoporosis on X-ray films were shown in the majority. Of these 25 cases, 10 had advanced myeloma. These 10 patients all died during admission and eight without any chemotherapy. In the other 15 cases treated with chemotherapy, marked response was seen in 1, partial response in 8 and no response in 6. The diagnosis of the disease is discussed in detail.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of 25 cases of multiple myeloma]. 188 42

Hyperphosphatemia (HP) is usually seen in patients with hypoparathyroidism, renal failure, and tumor lysis. The authors described a patient with HP due to a phosphate-binding immunoglobulin (Ig). An 86-year-old woman had serum phosphate levels as high as 4.75 mmol/l, (normal, 0.77 to 1.45 mmol/l). Serum ionized calcium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and N-terminal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were normal, but serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level was subnormal at less than 12 pmol/l (normal, 36 to 146 pmol/l). Serum total protein was elevated at 105 g/l (normal, 60 to 80 g/l), and additional studies confirmed a diagnosis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) multiple myeloma. Results of in vitro studies using anti-human IgG antibodies showed that the IgG of the patient bound inorganic phosphate. Several isolated case reports have documented spurious HP due to interference of the paraprotein in the routine serum phosphate assay. In only one patient, however, has actual binding of phosphate to a myeloma protein been documented. The studies of the authors document phosphate binding by an IgG paraprotein and suggest that in this setting HP may be of physiologic significance as evidenced by depressed serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
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PMID:Hyperphosphatemia in multiple myeloma due to a phosphate-binding immunoglobulin. 191 79

From September 1975 to December 1986, 115 consecutive previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma (MM) were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of BCNU, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, vincristine, and prednisone (M-2). No patients were excluded or lost during follow-up. Forty-three percent of the patients were Stage I plus II, and 57% were Stage III. Thirty-eight patients (33%) had blood urea nitrogen greater than or equal to 40 mg/dl (substage B). Reaching an objective response treatment was stopped, generally after 1 year, and restarted at relapse. After induction therapy, 94 patients (82%) responded and had a median duration of response (MDR) of 22 months. After first relapse, 26 of 38 patients (69%) responded again to the same regimen and had an MDR of 11 months. This response rate and MDR are significantly lower than the ones achieved in induction chemotherapy. After second relapse, 7 of 16 patients (44%) again responded with an MDR of 3.5 months. The median survival time (MST) was 50.5 months for all patients. The most relevant side effect was leukopenia. No case of secondary leukemia was noticed. The authors conclude that patients with MM can be treated safely without maintenance therapy after reaching remission because a high response rate can be obtained in first and even second relapse. The planned treatment pause at remission does not adversely affect the survival time. Secondary leukemia is infrequent after this policy. Quality of life improves during the treatment pause.
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PMID:Second and third responses to the same induction regimen in relapsing patients with multiple myeloma. 191 91

The authors related two cases of multiple myeloma BJX and GX combined with hypernephroid cancer. In both cases, the diagnosis of myeloma was supported by morphological examination of the bone marrow and immunochemical identification of monoclonal immunoglobulin. In female patient C, adenocarcinoma developed in the presence of polycystosis in the left kidney operated before. The diagnosis of hypernephroma was established simultaneously with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma BJX, stage III B. The patient was operated on 15 months after institution of polychemotherapy in the presence of myeloma reduction and recovery of nitrogen secretory renal function. The patient survived for 2.5 years after the operation, retaining work fitness for 2 years. She died from terminal exacerbation of myeloma. On autopsy no cancer metastases were detected. In male patient Ch. with myeloma GX, stage II A, hypernephroid cancer of the right kidney was diagnosed 7 months after the diagnosis of myeloma was established. Radical operation resulted in complete somatic and hematological compensation of the patient. The residual mass of myeloma does not manifest itself clinically after 9 courses of polychemotherapy carried out in the preoperative period. It is only detectable by the laboratory tests. The follow-up of the patient is continued.
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PMID:[The successful surgical treatment of hypernephroid cancer in 2 patients with multiple myeloma]. 228 96

A patient with chronic renal failure was investigated after complaining of oral discomfort which was found to be due to macroglossia and generalized involvement of the oral soft tissues by amyloidosis. A search for multiple myeloma proved to be positive. She also had a previous history of Carpal-tunnel syndrome. Despite an initial good response to treatment with phenylalanine nitrogen mustard (melphalan hydrochloride), she finally succumbed to end-stage renal failure.
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PMID:Amyloidosis with oral involvement. Case report. 232 67

Splenocytes from BALB/c mouse immunized with potato virus X (PVX) and myeloma cells (SP/2) were fused. After cloning and three screening cycles, three hybridoma cell lines secreting strain-specific monoclonal antibodies (MCAs) against PVX were obtained. These cell lines were stable for 20 generations and after storage in frozen form (in liquid nitrogen) for one year. The chromosome numbers of the three hybridoma cell lines clustered in the 92-102 range. The MCAs all belonged to the IgG3 immunoglobulin subclass. The medium supernatant antibody titer detected by indirect ELISA was 1:320-1:640. The mouse ascites antibody titer was 1:102,400-1:204,800, which was more than 300 times the rabbit antiserum titer (1:320). The MCAs had a neutralizing effect on the antigen, with neutralization titer of 1:10(2). There were no apparent changes in antibody activity after repeated freezing/thawing cycles, ammonium sulfate precipitation, or freeze-drying.
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PMID:Establishment of hybridoma cell lines secreting MCAs against potato virus X and determination of their physical and chemical characteristics. 249 19

Human cultured T lymphocytes of the Jurkat line and myeloma cells of the U266 line cleaved the 28 amino acid vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP1-28) preferentially at three sites with time- and temperature-dependence. The fragments VIP4-28 and VIP23-28) from an endopeptidase activity, and VIP15-28 from a trypsin-like peptidase, together represented a range of 26-65% of the VIP1-28 recovered after 2 hr at 37 degrees C or 4 hr at 22 degrees C, based on the absorbance of purified peptides and the radioactivity of [125I]Tyr10 VIP1-28. The endopeptidase activity was associated with membranes recovered after disruption of U266 cells by nitrogen cavitation. Pretreatment of intact U266 and Jurkat cells with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and the subsequently isolated subcellular particles with phenylmethylsulphonylfluoride (PMSF) and leupeptin inhibited the trypsin-like enzyme by a mean of 80%, without suppressing endopeptidase activity. In contrast, 0.1 mM DL-thiorphan and phosphoramidon blocked selectively a range of 35-70% of the endopeptidase activity in membrane preparations and intact cells. The capacity of lymphocytes to degrade VIP1-28 may substantially alter the effects of this neuromediator on functions of some subsets of T and B cells.
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PMID:Unique pattern of cleavage of vasoactive intestinal peptide by human lymphocytes. 265 11

A new method for the measurement of DNA damage in individual cells treated with alkylating agents is described. The method is based on the binding of anti-DNA monoclonal antibody to DNA in situ. Monoclonal antibody F7-26 was obtained by fusion of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from a mouse immunized with DNA treated by nitrogen mustard (HN2). Binding of antibody was evaluated by flow cytometry with indirect immunofluorescence. No binding of antibody to DNA in non-treated HeLa S3 cells was detected. Treatment of cells with HN2 or L-phenylalanine mustard induced binding of antibody to DNA in situ. Binding of antibody was observed after treating cells with doses of drugs which reduced the surviving fraction below 20%. Intensity of binding increased in proportion to the drug dose. Two-parameter analysis for the antibody binding and DNA content showed no binding of antibody to replicating DNA in control cells. In HN2-treated cells a cell subset with the lowest antibody binding was observed among cells in G1 phase. Binding of antibody to DNA in HN2-treated cells was eliminated by single-strand (ss) specific S1 nuclease. In competition assay, antibody was inhibited by thermally denatured DNA, but not by native double-stranded (ds) DNA, RNA, nucleosides and deoxyribohomopolymers. Binding of monoclonal antibody specific for the determinants expressed on ssDNA to the cells treated with alkylating agents may be attributed to local DNA denaturation. Potentiation of L-phenylalanine mustard cytotoxicity by buthionine sulfoximine or hyperthermia was accompanied by increased antibody binding to cellular DNA. Immunoreactivity of cells with the monoclonal antibody F7-26 may be a useful probe for the assessment of cell damage induced by alkylating agents, especially in heterogeneous cell populations.
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PMID:Detection of DNA damage in individual cells by flow cytometric analysis using anti-DNA monoclonal antibody. 303 52

Female Balb/c mice were immunized with human thyroid stimulating hormone (hTSH). The spleen cells of responding mice were used in a cell fusion with NS1 mouse myeloma cells to define 27 stable anti-hTSH hybridomas. The antibody-secreting cell lines, designated SY/T8/1-6, were characterized and three were found to be completely specific for h-TSH while the other three showed some cross reactivity with LH and hCG. Six of the monoclonal antibodies have been well characterized and their parent hybridomas isolated and banked at -196 degrees C for future studies. The hybridomas have been raised from liquid nitrogen and recultured in RPMI 1640 medium. Progress is being made in the investigation of the growth characteristics of these hybridoma cell lines.
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PMID:Production and growth of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to human thyroid stimulating hormone. 404 40

Hybridoma technology requires freezing of parental myeloma cells, continuous freezing and thawing of clones and stable hybridoma cells. A modification of the method of two-step freezing is described. The cryoprotective agent (5% dimethyl sulphoxide) is added to the cells at room temperature for 10 min. Cells are then transferred directly to the -25 degrees C bath, held at this temperature for 10 min, and stored directly in liquid nitrogen. Thawing is rapid in a water bath warmed to 60-80 degrees C. Hybridoma cells retain high viability and the production of specific monoclonal antibody after thawing.
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PMID:Two-step freezing of cells used in hybridoma technology. 406 74


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