Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An increase in the serum copper (Cu++) level has been described as a sensitive index of disease activity in several hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies. In order to explore the diagnostic value of Cu++ compared to other hematochemical parameters frequently abnormal in malignancies, Cu++, serum alpha2 globulin (alpha2), plasmatic fibrinogen (Fibr), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum iron (Fe++) have been detected and evaluated in 267 patients affected with the following diseases: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL), Acute Leukemias (AL), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Myeloma (MM), and Breast Cancer (BC). The best correlation between Cu++ increase and disease activity has been found in HL, NHL, AL, and BC. In these diseases, when the considered parameters were compared, Cu++ and ESR showed a similar pattern, i.e., a high frequency of abnormalities in active disease. It is concluded that Cu++ represents a good complement to some other aspecific parameters in evaluating the activity and diffusion of neoplasias and the therapeutic results, particularly in HL, NHL, AL and BC.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of serum copper levels and other hematochemical parameters in malignancies. 7 79

A copper.protein complex present in the serum of a hypercupremic myeloma patient has been purified to homogeneity using gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and concanavalin A/Sepharose affinity chromatography. Immunoelectrophoresis and hemagglutination inhibition tests showed the copper-bound protein to be an IgG1-type immunoglobulin with lambda light chains. The immunoglobulin is of normal molecular weight (150,000) with normal size light and heavy chains (28,000 and 56,000, respectively). The carbohydrate portion of the molecule appears to be abnormal in that it interacts with concanavalin A, whereas most immunoglobulins of the gammaG-type do not. The copper in the native copper.IgG complex is in an EPR-indeterminable valence state. Copper was efficiently removed from the copper.IgG complex by dialysis against 0.1 M potassium cyanide. The apo-IgG was separated from the copper.cyanide complex by gel filtration. The copper complex was reconstituted by equilibrating the apo-IgG with 7.7 muM cupric ions.
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PMID:A copper-binding immunoglobulin from a myeloma patient. Purification, identification, and physical characterization. 20 85

An increased mortality from lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, haematolymphatic malignancy and cirrhosis of the liver has been reported among smelter workers and others exposed to arsenic. This study uses the case-referent (case-control) technique and is concerned with workers in a copper smelter in a complex work environment, characterised by the presence of trivalent arsenic in combination with sulphur dioxide and copper, and also with other agents. Lung cancer mortality was found to be increased about five-fold and cardiovascular disease about two-fold, showing a dose-response relationship to arsenic exposure. Mortality from malignant blood disease (leukaemia and myeloma) and cirrhosis of the liver was also slightly increased. This mortality pattern among the smelter workers is consistent with earlier reports. An increased mortality from cardiovascular disease in this type of industry is of particular interest as it has been reported only once before.
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PMID:Arsenic exposure and mortality: a case-referent study from a Swedish copper smelter. 62 94

Although copper is an essential constituent of many physiologic systems, most human diseases effect minimal changes in copper homeostasis. Therefore, the association of marked hypercupremia with copper deposition in the ocular media and with a circulating immunoglobulin G in an apparently healthy woman prompted our interest. Balance and radioisotopic studies suggest a normal gastrointestinal and renal threshold for copper but a specific and tight binding between the serum copper and the anomalous protein, the probable result of a preclinical myeloma. Because the response of the hypercupremia to chelation therapy was limited, the multiple myeloma was treated with cytoxic drugs.
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PMID:Hypercupremia associated with a monoclonal immunoglobulin. 82 10

We compared an immunochemical method specific for plasma proteins with a chemical method, in which interfering substances are separated by gel filtration and "total" urinary protein is determined by the biuret reaction followed by reaction of protein-bound copper with diethyldithiocarbamate after a second gel filtration to remove nonprotein-bound copper. More than 250 24-h urine samples were analyzed by each method. There was linear agreement and a correlation of 0.96 between the two methods, but urinary protein values determined by the immunochemical method, especially for patients with multiple myeloma, were lower than by the chemical method.
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PMID:Combined gel filtration, biuret/copper method compared with an immunochemical method for urinary protein measurement. 83 76

Extensive copper infiltration of Descemet membrane of the central cornea and of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens is associated with marked hypercupremia related to an abnormal immunoglobulin. Observation of this spectrum of ophthalmic changes in an apparently well middle-aged woman heralded the diagnosis of a unique variety of multiple myeloma.
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PMID:Ocular manifestations of hypercupremia associated with multiple myeloma. 108 Sep 96

mRNAs specifying immunoglobulin mu and delta heavy chains are encoded by a single large, complex transcription unit (mu + delta gene). The transcriptional activity of delta gene segments in terminally differentiated, IgM-secreting B lymphocytes is 10-20 times lower than in earlier B-lineage cells expressing delta mRNA. We find that transcription of the mu + delta gene in IgM-secreting murine myeloma cells terminates within a region of 500-1000 nucleotides immediately following the mu membrane (mu m) polyadenylylation site. Transcription decreases only minimally through this region in murine cell lines representative of earlier stages in B-cell development. A DNA fragment containing the mu m polyadenylylation signal gives protein-DNA complexes with different mobilities in gel retardation assays with nuclear extracts from myeloma cells than with nuclear extracts from earlier B-lineage cells. However, using a recently developed "footprinting" procedure in which protein-DNA complexes resolved in gel retardation assays are subjected to nucleolytic cleavage while still in the polyacrylamide gel, we find that the DNA sequences protected by factors from the two cell types are indistinguishable. The factor-binding site on the DNA is located 5' of the mu m polyadenylylation signal AATAAA and includes the 15-nucleotide-long A + T-rich palindrome CTGTAAACAAATGTC. This type of palindromic binding site exhibits orientation-dependent activity consistent with the reported properties of polymerase II termination signals. This binding site is followed by two sets of directly repeated DNA sequences with different helical conformation as revealed by their reactivity with the chemical nuclease 1,10-phenanthroline-copper. The close proximity of these features to the signals for mu m mRNA processing may reflect a linkage of the processes of developmentally regulated mu m polyadenylylation and transcription termination.
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PMID:Protein-binding site at the immunoglobulin mu membrane polyadenylylation signal: possible role in transcription termination. 312 14

The known risk factors for lymphoma and myeloma cannot account for the current incidence rates of these cancers, and there is increasing interest in exploring occupational causes. We present results regarding lymphoma and myeloma from a large case-control study of hundreds of occupational exposures and 19 cancer sites. We examine in more detail those exposures previously considered to be related to these cancers, as well as exposures which were strongly related in our initial analyses. Lymphoma was not associated in our data with exposure to solvents or pesticides, or employment in agriculture or wood-related occupations, although numbers of exposed cases were sometimes small. Hodgkin's lymphoma was associated with exposure to fabric dust, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was associated with exposure to copper dust, ammonia and a number of fabric and textile-related occupations and exposures. Employment as a sheet metal worker was associated with development of myeloma.
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PMID:Lymphoma, myeloma and occupation: results of a case-control study. 875 7

The deposition of copper on Descemet's membrane and the anterior and posterior lens capsule with extreme hypercupremia and IgG hypergammaglobulinemia has been previously described with multiple myeloma and pulmonary carcinoma. A 66-year-old man presenting with blurred vision was found to have bilateral golden-brown metallic dust-like deposits on the central region of Descemet's membrane and the anterior and posterior lens capsule. Laboratory investigations revealed an elevated serum copper level 10 times the normal level associated with a monoclonal gammopathy and a normal ceruloplasmin level. Copper binding to the serum proteins was investigated by three biochemical methods. The results demonstrated that the major copper binding fraction in the serum was IgG. N-terminal amino acid analysis of the IgG did not find the sequence of Asp-Ala-His, which has been shown to be a copper binding site in albumin. This is the first report of benign monoclonal gammopathy being associated with the ocular deposition of copper.
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PMID:Ocular copper deposition associated with benign monoclonal gammopathy and hypercupremia. 890 88

The preparation of chlorophyllin copper complex (CCC), shown to be a tumor promoter in an animal model (Nelson, R.L. (1992) Chlorophyllin, an antimutagen, acts as a tumor promoter in the rat-dimethylhydrazine colon carcinogenesis model. Anticancer Res., 12, 737-740), also inhibits the activities of direct- and indirect-acting mutagens in the Salmonella assay and exhibits cytostatic and cytocidal effects toward myeloma cells. Data from elemental analyses, spectrophotometry and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography indicate that CCC preparations generally used in antimutagenic/anticarcinogenic experiments are variable, complex mixtures of structurally distinct porphyrins lacking copper in some instances. This variability of the composition may be a cause for the differences reported for the tumor promotion activity of CCC.
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PMID:Antimutagenicity, cytotoxicity and composition of chlorophyllin copper complex. 946 Oct 30


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