Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Association constants of dextrans (Ka) and oligosaccharides (Kia) from NZB myeloma antidextrans (PC3858 and PC3936) were studied by affinity electrophoresis. With linear dextrans or with those with a low degree of branching, Ka ranged from 2.7 X 10(3) to 5.4 X 10(4) ml/g for PC3858 and from 1.3 X 10(4) to 2.6 X 10(5) ml/g for PC3936. Completely linear alpha-(1 leads to 6)-linked dextrans, LD7 and D3, showed relatively high affinities for the two NZB antidextrans. With oligosaccharides, the Kia value increased as the number oa alpha-(1 leads to 6)-linked glycosyl residues increased. Isomaltoheptaose (IM7) showed the highest Kia (1.9 X 10(4) M-1 for PC3858 and 1.63 X 10(4) M-1 for PC3936), whereas isomaltose (IM2) had the lowest Kia (2.36 X 10(2)M-1 for PC3858 and 1.32 X 10(2)M-1 for PC3936). Pullulan and glycogen showed very weak affinity for PC3936, but they did not react at all with PC3858. These findings indicate that NZB myeloma antidextrans, PC3858 and PC3936, are specific for internal chains of alpha-(1 leads to 6)-linked dextrans. Data on the precision with which Ka and Kia can be determined are presented.
J Immunol 1979 Sep
PMID:Binding constants of NZB myeloma antidextrans for dextrans and isomaltose oligosaccharides determined by affinity electrophoresis. 46 44

Three mouse immunoglobulins with altered heavy chains have been used to study the specificity of the mouse IgG2b Fc receptor on mouse macrophages. These immunoglobulins were synthesized by variant clones derived from the MPC 11, IgG2b-producing mouse myeloma cell line. One variant, whose Fc receptor. A second variant, which makes a short heavy chain lacking the CH3 domain, binds specifically to the IgG2b Fc receptor. The third variant makes a hybrid IgG2b-IgG2a heavy chain whose CH3 domain is enterely IgG2a-like and binds to both IgG2a and IgG2b Fc receptors. These data suggest that the binding of mouse IgG2b immunoglobulins to the mouse macrophage Fc receptor involves a site within the CH2 domain and indicate that immunoglobulins with altered heavy chains are a useful tool to probe Fc receptors.
J Exp Med 1979 Sep 19
PMID:Site of binding of mouse IgG2b to the Fc receptor on mouse macrophages. 47 65

Fourteen patients with severe viral illnesses were given intravenous infusions of a modified interferon inducer, polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid-poly-L-lysine complexed with carboxymethylcellulose [poly)I:C.LC)], during a phase 1 clinical trial. The first eight patients received 0.15 to 0.30 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg of body weight daily for 5 consecutive days, and another received two courses separated by 1 week. A second group of five patients was given single intravenous infusions of 0.10 to 0.15 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg. Interferon was detectable in the serum 8 to 16 h after injection. Titers ranged from 15 to 800 U/ml and varied directly with the dose of poly(I:C.LC). Interferonemias persisted for 12 to 48 h. In patients receiving 5-day courses of poly(I:C.LC), lower levels of serum interferon (0 to 160 U/ml) occurred on days 2 through 5, characteristic of a hyporesponsive state. An exception was a 69-year-old patient with disseminated varicella zoster, multiple myeloma, and renal insufficiency whose serum contained 3,150 U of interferon per ml on day 3 of 0.3 mg of poly(I:C.LC) per kg. Fever (39 to 40.5 degrees C, rectally; 13 of the 14 patients) peaked 3 to 8 h after completion of infusions. Other toxic effects included lymphopenia (10 of the 14 patients), hypotensive episodes (7 of the 14 patients), and minor elevations of serum glutamicoxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase.
Infect Immun 1979 Sep
PMID:Modified polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex: sustained interferonemia and its physiological associates in humans. 50 Jan 89

Bence Jones proteins (BJP) were isolated from the urine of 12 patients with multiple myeloma and various degrees of renal dysfunction. Proteins were characterized as to type (six type lambda and five type kappa), isoelectric point (pI), and secondary structure by circular dichroism (CD). Clinical renal function was more impaired with type-lambda proteins and with proteins of pI greater than 5.7. CD studies distinguished kappa from lambda proteins in most cases but did not correlate with nephrotoxicity. Protein dimer preparations were tested for nephrotoxicity in aciduric, hydropenic, female, Sprague Dawley rats by following renal function and morphology over 6 hours after injection i.p. of 300 mg of protein. Twelve rats of urine pH less than 5.5 injected with four BJP of pI less than 5.7 showed a mean rise in SUN of 5.3 mg/dl and in creatinine of 0.06 mg/dl, compared with a mean rise of 28.0 mg/dl (SUN) and 0.75 mg/dl (creatinine) in 21 rats injected with seven BJP of pI greater than 5.7 (P less than 0.01). Seven sodium-bicarbonate-fed rats of urine pH greater than 8 injected with a BJP of pI 6.2 showed mean rise in SUN of 1.8 mg/dl and in creatinine of 0.01 mg/dl, compared with 19.3 mg/dl (SUN) and 0.55 mg/dl (creatinine) in 7 aciduric rats injected with the same BJP (P = 0.009). Morphologic and immunohistologic studies showed distal cast formation in 9 rats with acute deterioration in renal function. It is concluded that BJP of pI greater than urine pH are acutely nephrotoxic in the rat by a mechanism that may involve a charge interaction in the distal nephron.
Kidney Int 1979 Sep
PMID:Nephrotoxicity of Bence Jones proteins in the rat: importance of protein isoelectric point. 52 81

Based on data from the cancer register of the German Democratic Republic established in 1952 and on the official mortality statistics, incidence of and mortality from malignant lymphomas (ICD 200-203) in the GDR are analysed. Age-specific incidence and mortality of Hodgkin's disease show a peak in the age group of 25-30 years and rise steadily from 45 years on up to the highest age. Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma increase slowly from infancy to old age, whereas multiple myeloma is a disease of the elderly and extremely rare before the age of 40. The apparent increase of malignant lymphoma may be due to underregistration at the beginning of the cancer register. In the past years mortality from Hodgkin's disease is slowly decreasing, thus reflecting progress in methods of treatment and results.
Z Gesamte Inn Med 1979 Sep 01
PMID:[Incidence and mortality of malignant lymphomas in the GDR]. 53 15

Studies on a single component human cryoimmunoglobulin (cryo-IgG) (gamma 1 : lambda, Gm 4) were undertaken to gain a better understanding of the conformational stability of macromolecular interfaces essential for self-association of cryo-IgG leading to the formation of visible gel mass. Changes in the gross and localized conformation of cryo-IgG and a monoclonal IgG (gamma 1 : lambda, Gm 4) isolated from a myeloma patient (Hy) (Hy IgG) (gamma 1 : lambda, Gm 4) in alkaline media were determined by analytical ultracentrifugation, fluorescence characteristics, tyrosine ionization and H+ titration. Ultracentrifugal studies revealed that major transition in gross conformation took place at pH 11.4 for cryo-IgG and pH 11.7 for Hy IgG, whereby the number of charges and tyrosine residues exposed to aqueous environment was 110 and 26 for cryo-IgG, and 111 and 48 for Hy IgG, respectively. Beyond this transition pH fragmentation of both the proteins occurred and cryo-IgG lost its capacity for gel formation. Self-association of cryo-IgG was observed upto pH 11.4 in decreasing order with increase in denaturation pH. Cryo-IgG renatured from exposure to higher alkaline pH upto pH 11.4, showed the capability for forming gel, in spite of the irreversible local conformational changes as established by direct and reverse fluorimetric titration and tyrosine ionization studies. Cryo-IgG could be maintained in the optically clear sol phase at pH 10.5, at which pH 12 out of 62 tyrosine residues became exposed to aqueous media. There are distinct differences in the accessibility of tyrosine residues of cryo-IgG and Hy IgG as reflected in their tyrosine ionization profiles.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1979 Sep 29
PMID:Conformational stability of a human cryoglobulin. 54 39

Two cases of multiple myeloma (MM) developed late in the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). An 81-yr-old white female developed, after 6 yr of CLL, IgAk MM with sheets of plasma cells abutting sheets of lymphocytes in the bone marrow, multiple pathologic fractures, and 0.26 g/24 free k light chains in the urine. A 74-yr-old white male developed, after 16 yr of CLL, k light chain MM with 20% plasma cells in the bone marrow, multiple panthologic fractures, and 3.7 g/24 hr free k light chains in the urine. In both cases the CLL had responded well to intermittent low-dose chlorambucil therapy, but the MM failed to respond to cyclic melphalanprednisone therapy. A review of 105 cases of CLL seen at the Geisinger Medical Center failed to turn up any other cases of MM developing during the course of CLL. The suggestion that there is an increased prevalence of MM in CLL is an attractive one because both diseases are B cell neoplasms and because of the increased frequency of asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathies in CLL found by others.
Blood 1978 Sep
PMID:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) terminating in multiple myeloma: report of two cases. 67 69

Amino acid sequence analysis of the pFc' fragment obtained by pepsin digestion of a human IgG2 myeloma protein PIG Gm (n or 23) negative shows it to consist of 112 residues. It starts at position 334 (gamma1 numbering) and contains eight residues from the Cgamma2 region, and the whole Cgamma3 domain. Comparison with the sequence of gamma1 shows two differences at positions 339 and 397. Each of them can be explained by a single base substitution. This high degree of homology among gamma-chain subclasses suggests a recent diversification.
J Immunol 1978 Sep
PMID:The primary structure of a human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) pFc' fragment. 69 Apr 33

The relation between structure and specificity of antibodies has been explored by 19F NMR studies of the binding of trifluoromethyl analogues of nitrophenyl haptens to the three mouse myeloma immunoglobulins M315, M460, and X25. We have used haptens with trifluoromethyl groups located at the ortho or para positions of the phenyl ring or attached to the side chain, two atoms removed from the ring (i.e.,-NHCH2CF3). The changes in chemical shift between hapten free in solution and bound to antibody are sensitive to microenvironment and range from 1.7-ppm downfield to 1-ppm upfield. The shifts of p-trifluoromethylnitrophenyl haptens bound to M315 and M460 are both large downfield shifts, which are likely caused by van der Waals interaction and ring-current effects, particularly from tyrosine-34(L); these haptens do not show similar shifts when bound to X25 which has a deletion of tyrosine34(L). Other differences in the binding of the aromatic rings of haptens by M315, M460, and X25 are observed and their origins considered. The importance of hydrogen bonding in the thermodynamic affinity of antibody for hapten has been estimated by comparisons of binding affinities for haptens with trifluoromethyl groups in place of nitro groups.
Biochemistry 1978 Sep 05
PMID:Relation between structure and specificity of antibodies: nuclear magnetic resonance study of binding fluorine-19 labeled nitrophenyl haptens to myeloma immunoglobulins M315, M460, and X25. 69 4

Fourteen patients with multiple myeloma resistant to melphalan plus prednisone were treated with BCNU 50 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 on day 1, adriamycin 20 mg/m2 on day 2 and prednisone 60 mg orally, daily for days 1 through 5. Therapy was repeated every four weeks. Depending upon criteria used, objective antitumor responses were achieved in five to nine of the 14 patients. Mean survival was 9.5 months and actuarial median survival was 7.0 months. Six patients are alive, four to 35 months after initiation of therapy. This preliminary report indicates that this combination may be a useful treatment program in the management of patients with advanced multiple myeloma. A review of studies employing adriamycin plus BCNU suggests that these regimens currently offer the most effective treatment of melphalan-resistant patients.
Cancer 1978 Sep
PMID:Adriamycin, 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl) 1 nitrosourea (BCNU, NSC No. 409962), cyclophosphamide plus prednisone (ABC-P) in melphalanresistant multiple myeloma. 69 13


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