Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphocytes from normal nonallergic donors and patients with atopic disorders were analyzed for subpopulations bearing Fc receptors for immunoglobulin (Ig)E (Fc(epsilon)) and IgG (Fc(gamma)), surface IgM (sIgM) and IgD (sIgD), and for T cells forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E). The patients were divided into three groups according to serum IgE concentrations and systemic corticosteroid treatment. Group I consisted of 12 atopic patients with either normal or moderately increased IgE levels up to 4,000 U/ml. Four patients of group II and three of group III had 10,500-31,000 U/ml and severe atopic dermatitis. Patients of group III, but not I and II, were receiving corticosteroids systemically. The percentage (mean +/-SD) and total number of Fc(epsilon) (+) lymphocytes were 1.2+/-0.5%, 41+/-24/mm(3) in 12 normals; 1.6+/-0.9%, 59+/-43/mm(3) in patients of group I: 7.0+/-2.0%, 187+/-67/mm(3) in group II; and 0.3+/-0.1%, 13+/-5/mm(3) in patients of group III. The increase in group II and decrease in group III of Fc(epsilon) (+) cells were statistically significantly different from the normal persons and patients of group I. In contrast, the patients did not differ significantly from the donors in sIgM(+), sIgD(+), Fc(gamma) (+), and E(+) cell populations. As shown by depletion of sIg(+) cells in four patients with atopic disorders, the great majority of the Fc(epsilon) (+) lymphocytes were B cells. However, two patients with elevated Fc(epsilon) (+) cell numbers had small numbers of mixed E- and Fc(epsilon)-rosetting cells, presumably T cells. Two patients of group II were examined during an acute herpes simplex infection. Both showed an congruent with80% decrease of Fc(epsilon) (+) cells at that time. No apparent correlation between numbers of Fc(epsilon) (+) cells and IgE level existed in patients of group I. Injection of an IgE myeloma protein into two monkeys did not significantly change their percentages of Fc(epsilon) (+) lymphocytes. The data indicate that Fc(epsilon) (+) lymphocytes are increased in patients with markedly elevated serum IgE and severe atopic disease, suggesting that these cells may be involved in the regulation and(or) synthesis of IgE antibody formation.
J Clin Invest 1979 Sep
PMID:Lymphocytes with immunoglobulin E Fc receptors in patients with atopic disorders. 11 9

The amino acid sequence of the heavy-chain variable region of the crystallizable human myeloma protein Dob has been determined. This protein has previously been shown to have a deletion in the hinge region [Lopes, A. D., & Steiner, L. A. (1973) Fed. Proc., Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 32, 1003; Steiner, L. A., & Lopes, A. D. (1979) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)]. The complete sequence was established by analysis, in the automated sequenator, of the intact Fd' piece and of three large overlapping fragments prepared from Fd' by digestion with cyanogen bromide, by tryptic digestion of the citraconylated Fd', and by cleavage with hydroxylamine. Portions of the sequence were confirmed by examination of the amino acid composition and the partial sequence of a variety of small peptides obtained by enzymatic degradation. The Dob heavy-chain variable region appears to belong to the VHIII subgroup, but there are several unusual substitutions. Residue 45 in the Dob sequence is proline, although all other known heavy-chain sequences in man, mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig have leucine at this position. Positions 10 (aspartic acid), 68 (alanine), and 82 (leucine) in the Dob sequence are also atypical. There is no deleted segment in the variable region of the Dob heavy chain nor any abnormality in the variable-constant joining region. The hinge-region deletion appears to be the only gross structural anomaly in the Dob heavy chain.
Biochemistry 1979 Sep 18
PMID:Amino acid sequence of the heavy-chain variable region of the crystallizable human myeloma protein Dob. 11 9

DNA from newborn mice was digested with restriction endonuclease EcoRI, and a 6.6-kilobase fragment encoding immunoglobulin gamma 2b chain mRNA derived from MPC 11 myeloma was enriched about 100-fold by RPC-5 column chromatography and agarose gell electrophoresis. The 6.6-kilobase fragment was cloned with lambda gt WES.lambda B as EK2 vector. The cloned phage (lambda WES.IgH22) contained the constant region gene of the gamma 2b chain but not the variable region gene of MPC 11 mRNA. The constant region genes of the other gamma chains (i.e., gamma 1, gamma 2a, and gamma 3) were not present in lambda gt WES.IgH22 DNA. R-loop mapping indicates that the gamma 2b chain structural gene is divided into two parts (330 +/- 60 SD base pairs and 930 +/- 110 SD base pairs) by an intervening sequence (360 +/- 100 SD base pairs). The nucleotide sequence around the junction of the hinge region and CH2 domain was determined and shown to match the amino acid sequence of the initial part of the CH2 domain of the gamma 2b chain. The base sequence upstream from the junction, however, is unrelated to the amino acid sequence of the CH1 domain and the hinge region of all the gamma chains whose sequences have been determined. These results indicate that the gamma 2b chain gene is interrupted at the junction of the hinge region and CH2 domain by an intervening sequence. The existence of two more intervening sequences, one between the CH1 domain and the hinge region and the other between the CH2 and CH3 domains, is discussed.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 Sep
PMID:Cloning immunoglobulin gamma 2b chain gene of mouse: characterization and partial sequence determination. 11 31

Analysis of the available DNA sequences of immunoglobulin light chain genes reveals a unique structural pattern. A stretch of about 15 nucleotides repeats five times within the variable (V) region gene, with few base changes. Identification of these homologous sequences is apparent in the embryonic V(lambda) gene and might also be recognized in V(kappa) genes isolated from a myeloma. Although different from each other, the V(lambda) and V(kappa) hyperhomologous sequences display a remarkable resemblance to different prokaryote sequences associated with recombinational events. The homologous sequences appear at all three sites where hypervariable regions of the mature peptide are encoded. In addition, they are located at the site where V/constant (C) recombination is supposed to take place. Consequently, a general model is proposed for immunoglobulin differentiation. The hyperhomologous loci are postulated to be comprised of recombination sequences which makes them available for a mechanism of single-stranded DNA exposure. B cell maturation begins with V/C recombination, a step that is rate limiting. The fidelity of the process is ensured by extensive DNA homology between the two embryonic subgenes of V and C. Next, an error-prone repair system is activated and thereby introduces changes into the content of the immunoglobulin gene at the exposed loci. The process ends when mutations make the recombination sequence unrecognizable as such. The model is consistent with large amounts of data and is compatible with the view that immunoglobulin diversity is being generated somatically.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979 Sep
PMID:Immunoglobulin differentiation is dictated by repeated recombination sequences within the V region prototype gene: a hypothesis. 11 34

The activity of the erythrocyte enzymes: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, glutathion reductase and ATPase were measured in 8 patients with untreated myelomatosis. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was significantly increased. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase values were negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate as measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance. The results support the existence of a shortened red cell survival in peripheral blood related to the degree of renal insufficiency.
Scand J Haematol 1976 Sep
PMID:Erythrocyte enzymes in myelomatosis. 13 47

Cultured human myeloma cells (ARH-77, RPMI-8226 and U-266), like leukaemic B lymphoid cells, consistently exerted a strong stimulating capacity on allogeneic lymphocytes in the 'one-way' mixed lymphocyte reaction. An optimal stimulation was seen when a 1:1 ratio or 1:2 ratio of responding cell:stimulating cells of each cell line was utilized. The stimulating capacity of ARH-77 or RPMI-8226 cells was significantly diminished when a 1:4 ratio of responding cells:stimulating cells was utilized. Fresh bone marrow cells containing more than 80% plasma cells from a patient with multiple myeloma, on the other hand, failed to exert the stimulating capacity on two occasions. The striking difference between cultured myeloma cells and fresh plasma cells is that the Ia-like antigen is present on cultured myeloma cells, and this antigen is absent on fresh plasma cells. The relationship between the Ia-like antigen and the stimulating capacity in 'one-way' mixed lymphocyte reaction is discussed.
Immunology 1979 Sep
PMID:Human myeloma cells and their strong stimulating capacity in 'one-way' mixed lymphocyte reaction: a comparative study with leukaemic B lymphoid cells. 15 62

Review of the coagulation laboratory records and medical records at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center over a three year period (1971--1974) revealed 89 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The diagnosis of DIC was made if laboratory studies showed evidence of quantitative and qualitative changes in fibrinogen and significant thrombocytopenia. The patients included 19 with leukemia (17 acute), 3 with multiple myeloma, 15 with lymphoma, 46 with metastatic solid tumors, (10 lung, 9 breast, 8 gastrointestinal, 12 genitourinary, 7 miscellaneous) 4 with vascular tumors, and 3 without tumor. Other conditions which might have precipitated or initiated DIC such as gram-negative sepsis, liver impairment, or mucin secreting tumors were present in the majority of patients. Bleeding occurred in 75% of the patients and was fatal in 36%. Thromboembolism occurred in 22.5%. Thirteen percent were asymptomatic. Serum lactic dehydrogenase was elevated in over 75% of the patients at the time of, or subsequent to the occurrence of DIC. Treatment with heparin was helpful in only three of twenty patients. Eighty percent of the patients died within one to over 30 days of the onset of DIC. Post mortem evidence of DIC was present in 18 of 43 autopsies. Results of this study indicate that DIC is a frequent complication of a wide variety of tumors and that its occurrence causes morbidity and mortality in a significant number of patients. Treatment with heparin is of little help unless remission is induced and the precipitating factor(s) are reversed.
Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1975 Sep 30
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation: experience in a major cancer center. 17 94

Evidence for intracellular formation of amyloid fibrils in a patient with kappa light-chain myeloma is described. Amyloid fibrils were seen as intracytoplasmic inclusions within plasma cells, histiocytes, renal tubule cells, and possibly in hepatocytes. Extracellular amyloid was also present. The electron microscopic studies suggest that amyloid fibrils may form in the Golgi apparatus and within lysosomes.
Blood 1977 Sep
PMID:Evidence for intracellular amyloid formation in myeloma. 19 52

The size of transcription units for several of the abundant cytoplasmic mRNA species in mouse myeloma cells has been analyzed by the ultraviolet light mapping technique. Inactivation kinetics and target size analyses for production of the predominant RNA species indicate that the mRNAs originate in precursor molecules that are 2--14 times larger than the mature mRNA. This estimate of the size of the transcription unit may be a minimum one since it would not take into account promoter-distal sequences if these were not necessary for processing of the mRNA precursor.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1978 Sep
PMID:Units of transcription for cytoplasmic RNA in mouse myeloma cells. 27 22

Relations between clinical course and change in aldolase (ALD) isoenzyme pattern were investigated on the peripheral and bone marrow blood of normal subjects and patients suffering from leukemia, multiple myeloma, hypoplastic anemia and other hematological disorders. Similar examination was performed on human leukemia cells and on sera and leukocytes from Donryu rats inoculated with rat leukemia cells (DBLA-6), induced by NBU. In addition to the enzyme activity, isoenzyme pattern was analyzed electrophoretically. The results obtained were as follows: 1) FDP/F1P ratios of the peripheral and marrow blood were high in untreated leukemia. After the induction therapy, the ratio in the marrow blood was high, but decreased in peripheral blood. 2) In complete remission, both ratios were decreased to normal level. 3) In the early relapse of leukemia, the marrow blood showed a high ratio in spite of normal value in the peripheral blood. During full relapse or reinduction therapy, FDP/F1P ratio remained high in both the peripheral and marrow blood. 4) Atypical hypoplastic leukemia showed a significantly high ratio in the marrow, but a low ratio in the periphery. No difference in either ratio was detected between hypoplastic anemia and normal subjects. 5) Zymogram of leukemia cells from leukemia patients showed that ALD-A was predominant more clearly than in normal leukocytes. ALD in normal leukocytes was composed mainly of ALD-A and its hybrids with ALD-B and ALD-C. 6) The ratio in sera and leukocytes from rats inoculated with DBLA-6 cells was increased with exacerbation of leukemia. ALD-A was predominant in rat leukemia cells on the zymogram. It is concluded that aldolase isoenzymes, especially the FDP/F1P ratio, are useful in estimating clinical course of leukemia, particularly in deciding early relapse of leukemia in bone marrow. These laboratory findings are also useful in differentiating atypical leukemia from hypoplastic anemia.
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 1979 Sep
PMID:[Clinical and experimental studies on aldolase and its isoenzymes in leukemia and allied hematological disorders (author's transl)]. 29 6


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>