Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The binding of myeloma proteins of known subclass and allotype to staphylococcal protein A has been studied using affinity chromatography with Protein A-Sepharose CL-4B. Three IgA1 proteins did not show any binding, whereas two IgA2 A2m(1) and one IgA2 A2m(2) proteins were found to bind to the column.
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PMID:Differential binding of IgA proteins of different subclasses and allotypes to Staphylococcal protein A. 41 69

Alfa-fetoprotein from human cord serum was purified in a single step by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B with a final recovery of alfa-fetoprotein of about 90% and a purification factor of 900. The purified preparation was homogeneous on SDS-PAGE and native PAGE running with a relative molecular weight of 72,000. Monoclonal antibodies against this purified preparation were raised by hybridoma technology using Sp2/0 myeloma cells as a fusion partner. 50% of culture wells exhibited hybrid growth and 7% of these wells contained anti-AFP secreting hybrids. Positive hybrid cells were cloned twice by the limiting dilution method and 8 clones were obtained that secreted monoclonal antibodies. Five of these cell lines (3F6H10, 3F6H4, 3F6H1, 3F6G5 and 3F6G10) were selected at random for purification and characterization purposes. All 5 cell lines secreted monoclonal antibodies of IgG1 subclass which were purified by affinity chromatography on Protein A- Sepharose CL-4B column with a final recovery of 80% and a purification factor of about 13. The purified preparations were homogeneous on SDS-PAGE, native PAGE and IEF. The monoclonal antibodies were highly specific for human alfa-fetoprotein as determined by Western blotting. The affinity constants (K) of these Mab ranged from 10(6) to 10(9) l/mol.
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PMID:Human alfa-fetoprotein: isolation and production of monoclonal antibodies. 169 62

Amino acid substitutions specific for allotypic G3m(g5) marker were studied by sequence analysis of the C-terminal BrCN peptides of myeloma protein Ba [G3m(g5+)] and Bu [G3m(g5-)]. The results indicate that arginine and tyrosine at position 435 and 436 are responsible for the specificity. Two substitutions of IgG3 Bu [G3m(b1, b3)] and IgG3 Jir [G3m(b3,s,t)] [Matsumoto et al.: J. Immun. 131: 1865, 1983], in the same positions are arginine-phenylalanine and histidine-tyrosine, respectively. Affinity chromatographic data of modified IgG3 proteins show that the tyrosine residue at position 436 associated with phenylalanine at position 124 of protein A-B fragment plays a role in the interaction. The differences in the yields between IgG3s carrying various haplotypes on Protein A-Sepharose affinity chromatography [Ito et al.: Proc. Japan Acad. 56B: 226, 1980] are also explained through this chromatography and also by the configuration of the residues in tertiary structure [Deisenhofer: Biochemistry 20: 2361, 1980].
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PMID:Amino acid substitutions determining G3m(g5). 232 73

Two monoclonal antibodies (MAb) G6 and A8 directed against human trypsin 1 have been produced by hybridization of myeloma cells with spleen cells of OF1 immunized mice. Antibodies were screened by radioimmunoassay. Monoclonal antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography on Protein A-Sepharose, and we found that MAb G6 was of the IgG2b class and MAb A8 of the IgG2a class. Both MAbs had a high affinity for trypsin 1 with the respective affinity constants equal to 1.3 x 10(8) l/mol for G6 and 3.2 x 10(7) l/mol for A8. Epitope specificity was studied by western blotting, using human trypsinogens 1 and 2. Both MAbs gave a positive reaction with native trypsinogen 1 and no reaction with the same protein after reduction. Only MAb G6 reacted with trypsinogen 2 in the native form. Its affinity for trypsin 2 was found similar to that for trypsin 1 with a constant equal to 2.7 x 10(7) l/mol. Both antibodies appeared directed against conformational and not sequential epitopes.
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PMID:Production and characterization of two monoclonal antibodies to human pancreatic trypsin 1. 234 96

We have developed a murine hybridoma cell line that secretes a monoclonal antibody directed to the serum human vitamin D binding protein (hDBP), a 58,000-dalton alpha-globulin with a high avidity for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and globular actin. This immunoglobulin G1 kappa-light chain antibody was produced by the fusion of the spleen cells from BALB/c mice, immunized with purified hDBP, with SP2/0-AG4 myeloma cells. The antibody was easily removed from the supernatant of hybridoma cultures or mouse ascites fluid by Protein A affinity chromatography. Apparent serum monospecificity was demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing gels transblotted to nylon membranes and overlayed with purified MAK 89 antibody and radioiodinated Protein A. The affinity of the antibody is high [dissociation constant (Kd) = 2.6 X 10(-11) M]. Parallel displacement of tracer by hDBP and human serum was observed. The sera from various species displaced the hDBP tracer in the following potency: monkey more than cat more than dog more than guinea pig. RIAs for DBP from several species are feasible with this antibody. This antibody does not, in contrast to polyclonal anti-hDBP antiserum, bind to viable monocytes. However, the MAK 89 antibody does bind to the membranes of well washed, fixed, and permeant circulating monocytes. Surface membrane radioiodination of monocytes and immunoprecipitation of the detergent lysates with the antibody demonstrates a protein with molecular weight equivalent to hDBP. The epitope recognized, therefore, appears to be hidden in the viable cells, suggesting an intimate and intricate association of the hDBP and monocyte plasma membrane.
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PMID:Characterization of a monoclonal antibody to human serum vitamin D binding protein (Gc globulin): recognition of an epitope hidden in membranes of circulating monocytes. 242 47

Molecular weight markers which are detectable using labeled antispecies antibodies or labeled Protein A have been prepared for use as standards on protein blots. The standards were prepared by the controlled reduction followed by subsequent alkylation of gamma globulin. Separate sets of standards were prepared using gamma globulins derived from human, mouse, rabbit, and sheep species. Standards were also prepared using monoclonal-derived gamma globulins from human myeloma fluid and mouse ascites fluid. Standards produced from monoclonal-derived gamma globulins produced very sharp bands on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and proved to be excellent standards for this technique alone. However, the markers were uniquely suitable for use as standards in protein blotting procedures because their detection was achieved by the procedure used to detect the transferred antigen(s). The detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-derived standards on protein blots from all the species listed above was demonstrated using appropriate horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated antispecies antibodies. The use of other detection systems (biotin-labeled antibody and subsequent detection with HRP-steptavidin, HRP-Protein A) was also validated with human IgG-derived standards. Furthermore, the standards were shown to be suitable for use on both nitrocellulose and cationized nylon-based supports and could be used when adjacent samples were run under reducing conditions. Hence the gamma globulin-derived standards serve as both a control to check the adequacy of transfer and immunodetection systems and as markers which enable the molecular weights of detected antigens to be calculated.
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PMID:Gamma globulin-derived standards for the determination of molecular weights, transfer, and immunodetection efficiencies in protein blotting procedures. 247 53

Four monoclonal IgG antibodies to purified, recombinant murine gamma-interferon (rIFN-gamma) have been produced by fusion of immune hamster splenocytes with HAT-sensitive murine myeloma cells. Specificity was confirmed either with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that used immobilized rIFN-gamma or with a radioimmunoassay that employed soluble 125I-rIFN-gamma and heat-killed, fixed Staphylococcus aureus-bearing Protein A. Competition binding experiments suggested that the monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) displayed two distinct epitope specificities: one displayed by H1 and H2, and the other displayed by H21 and H22. By using murine-human recombinant IFN-gamma hybrid molecules, the H1/H2 epitope was shown to depend on the amino-terminus of IFN-gamma, whereas the H21/H22 epitope was formed by the carboxy-terminal amino acid sequence. The MoAb also reacted with natural IFN-gamma. When bound to a surface, all four MoAb, but not normal hamster IgG, removed 100% of the antiviral and MAF activities present in supernatants of cultures of the murine 24/G1 T cell hybridoma. In free solution, all four antibodies inhibited IFN-gamma dependent antiviral activity, but with different efficiencies. Soluble H21/H22 also blocked all of the 24/G1-derived activity that induces nonspecific tumoricidal activity in macrophages (MAF) while H1/H2 enhanced MAF activity. The differential inhibitory or enhancing activities of H21 or H1 reflected their ability to inhibit or enhance binding of 125I-rIFN-gamma to macrophages, respectively. Soluble H21/H22 and solid-phase H1/H2 inhibited 100% of the MAF, microbicidal, and Ia-inducing activities from lymphokine preparations produced by mitogen stimulation of normal murine splenic cells. These results help to establish definitive structure-function relationships for the IFN-gamma molecule, and indicate that IFN-gamma is the primary lymphokine responsible for inducing nonspecific tumoricidal activity and Ia antigen expression, and for enhancing microbicidal activity in macrophages.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to murine gamma-interferon which differentially modulate macrophage activation and antiviral activity. 257 13

Immunoglobulin Fc-binding activity was detected by indirect immunofluorescence employing fluorochrome conjugated F(ab')2 antibody fragments on acetone-fixed cell cultures infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Using this method the Fc receptor-like activity seemed to be restricted to the IgG class of human immunoglobulins. While IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 myeloma proteins bind to this putative Fc gamma receptor at a concentration of 0.002 mg/ml, IgG3 myeloma proteins were without activity at 0.1 mg/ml. The binding activity was associated with the Fc fragments of IgG, while the pFc' fragments of IgG appeared to be unable to bind in this assay system. The reactivity and specificity of the HSV-1 Fc receptor was independent of both the type of tissue culture cells used and the strain of HSV-1 inducing the Fc receptor-like activity. The HSV-1-induced Fc receptor has a similar specificity for human immunoglobulin class and subclasses as staphylococcal Protein A. However, these two Fc receptors exhibit at least one striking difference. The IgG3 G3m(st) protein which binds to Protein A does not bind to HSV-1-induced Fc receptor. A possible reaction site for the HSV-1 Fc receptor on IgG could be at or near Asp 276.
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PMID:Binding site and subclass specificity of the herpes simplex virus type 1-induced Fc receptor. 298 35

Monoclonal antibodies against a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line were prepared by production of a somatic cell hybrids between the spleen cells from U-393OS--immunized mice and the mouse myeloma cells SP2/0. From 7 producing and well-growing clones only one--B-0S12--produced antibodies, reactive preferentially with osteosarcoma cells as identified by binding second antibodies and 125I-labeled Protein A. This antibody was tested against a panel of normal and tumor cell targets to determine the pattern of the antigen detected. The monoclonal antibody reacted strongly against U-3930S cells and another human sarcoma in vitro and more weakly against human fibroblasts, peripheral lymphocytes, red blood cells and was negative against mouse fibroblasts. When tested against a panel of unrelated human tumor cell lines, B-0S12 antibody was positive with melanoma cells and negative with cells from bladder, cervix and mammary carcinoma. These cross reactions suggested, that the antibody is reactive with a protein, expressed on different tumor types. This protein is not expressed on the cell surface and is probably associated with cytoskeleton, as revealed by immunofluorescence experiments. Western-blot analysis of a cytoskeletal preparation of U-3930S cells suggests, that B-0S12 antibody recognizes a protein with Mr 55 kD. Further studies are needed to characterize the molecules, carrying the epitope, identified by this monoclonal antibody.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody to a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line. 304 55

Monoclonal antibody 3A4 to islet cell surface antigen has been previously established in our laboratory, using hybridization of spleen lymphocytes from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice transferred into immunologically incompetent recipient mice. In the present study, monoclonal islet cell surface antibody 5C12 could be newly obtained in the 10:1 ratio of NOD mice spleen cells and mouse myeloma cells (SP2/0) without any modifications. Protein A radioligand assay and indirect immunofluorescence on living cells showed that 5C12 antibody reacted to normal rat islet cells and cultured rat insulinoma cells (RIN-r), but not to cultured lymphocytes (Bri-7, IM-9) and Chang-liver cells. Analysis of 125I-labeled antibody binding revealed that unlabeled 5C12 effectively inhibited subsequent 125I-5C12 binding to RIN-r cells, whereas unlabeled 3A4 did not. The scatchard plot from these data showed the curvilinearity, and about 150,000 binding sites to antibody per RIN-r cell were counted. The treatment of RIN-r cells with papain and neuraminidase reduced the binding of 5C12 to RIN-r cells, whereas the effect of trypsin was not observed. Immunoprecipitation of 125I-labeled insulinoma cell lysates followed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography indicated that 5C12 recognized 105K dalton cell surface protein in RIN-r cells. Immunoblotting also showed that 5C12 antibody recognized 105K dalton cell surface protein in RIN-r cells. These results demonstrated that 5C12 was an important tool for clarifying the immunoresponse against certain antigenic determinants on pancreatic B cells. Furthermore, 5C12 has not only qualitatively and quantitatively improved diagnostic methodology, but it may also provide new reagents useful to the treatment and prevention of type 1 diabetes.
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PMID:[An analysis of islet cell surface antigen defined by monoclonal islet cell surface antibody 5C12]. 354 94


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