Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Somatic cell hybrides between different mouse myeloma cell lines have been readili isolated using modifications of existing techniques. The hybrid nature of these cells was established by HAT or HAT-ouabain selective procedures, their chromosome number, and, in one case, H-2 surface antifen expression. Three hybrid cell lines are described here in detail: an IgG2B, K X LgG2a, k; an IgG1, k X IgG2b, k; and an IgG1, k X IgM, Lambda. In all cases, both parental types of H and L chains are expressed in the hybrid cells and no new chains are observed. However, molecules possessing disulfide-bonded mixtures of parental H and/or L chains are seen. Analysis of subclones of these hybrids indicates considerable stability in the expression of the immunoglobulins for up to 13 months. However, segregant clones no longer synthesizing one or more of the parental H or L chains arise frequently.
 ...
PMID:Somatic cell hybridization of mouse myeloma cells. 82 18

The ROD strain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) was used to produce monoclonal antibodies. Virus grown in CEM cells was partially purified by ultracentrifugation and solubilized in a buffer containing Triton X-100. BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 50 micrograms of solubilized virus preparations mixed 1:1 with complete Freund's adjuvant. Animals were boosted on day 28 and sacrificed on day 31. Spleen cells from the immunized animals were fused with SP20/Ag 14 myeloma cells and cultured in HAT medium. Following selection of the hybrids of interest by an HIV-2 ELISA procedure, hybridomas were cloned twice by limiting dilution. Six clones were found to produce antibodies that reacted with HIV-2 antigens as judged by ELISA. These antibodies were concentrated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and analyzed by the Western blot procedure. Monoclonal antibodies specifically reactive to an HIV protein of 68 KD were obtained. These antibodies did not react with an HIV-2 band of 55 KD. These data showed that the monoclonal antibodies recognized the carboxy terminal region (the RNAse H domain) of the HIV-2 retrotranscriptase enzyme.
 ...
PMID:Production of monoclonal antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type-2. 128 63

After a comparison of anti-AFM1-BSA antibody responses between rat and mouse, the spleen cells of rat with stronger responses were chosen as parent cells for fusing with mouse myeloma cells P3X63-Ag8.653. Through HAT medium selection, RIA screening and cloning, five well growing rat-mouse hybridoma clones were obtained that could secret anti-AFM1 antibodies stably. The results from ELISA and competitive binding RIA further proved that the 5 McAbs are direct against AFM1, with significant cross reaction to its derivative, AFB1. The average affinity constant of the 5 McAbs is 10(9)-10(11) l/M. It signifies that these monoclonals have potential application value for the construction of AF detection kit.
 ...
PMID:The establishment of rat-mouse hybridomas secreting anti-aflatoxin M1 antibodies and the properties of their monoclonal antibodies. 129 40

The aim of this study was to establish hybridomas capable of long-term production of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Heterohybridization was performed between the mouse myeloma cell line P3X63Ag8.653 and activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). In order to achieve better retention of human chromosomes, as well as to improve the stability of the heterohybrids, one HAT-sensitive immunoglobulin (Ig)-non-secreting human x mouse (h x m) heteromyeloma was fused for a second time with activated human PBL. In this way, a panel of HAT-sensitive Ig-non-secreting h x h x m heteromyelomas was obtained and tested for its ability to generate stable human Ig-secreting heterohybrids with activated human PBL. Six lines were selected on the basis of their enhanced characteristics of fusion efficiency and genetic stability. When fused with in vitro immunized human PBL, they generated several h x h x h x m hybridomas stably secreting high yields (10-23 micrograms/ml/24 h) of human mAbs reactive with recombinant HBV core antigen (rHBcAg). Moreover, a continuous production of human Ig was observed when two h x h x m heteromyelomas, previously made ouabaine-resistant, were hybridized with EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. These h x h x m heteromyelomas are ideal fusion partners for the production of human mAbs.
 ...
PMID:New heteromyeloma cell lines for the production of human monoclonal antibodies. 133 63

A hybrid hybridoma (quadroma), secreting antibodies with double specificity to alpha-endorphin (alpha-EP) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), has been produced. The bispecific antibodies constituted about 28-29% of all immunologically active IgG, produced by quadroma. The quadroma was isolated by fusion of two mouse hybridomas (anti-HRP and anti-alpha-EP) with distinct phenotypes: double mutant AMDR/HAT(S), and wild type (AMDS/HATR). A novel strategy for the construction of a double-mutant was applied, based on the use of an actinomycin D-resistant (AMDR) mouse myeloma for initiation of one of the parental hybridomas.
 ...
PMID:Construction of a quadroma to alpha-endorphin/horseradish peroxidase using an actinomycin D-resistant mouse myeloma cell line. 135 18

In order to obtain monoclonal alloantibodies against bovine blood group antigens, lymph node cells from calves immunized with bovine red blood cells (RBC) were fused with either murine NSO/1 myeloma cells or a HAT sensitive murine x bovine heterohybridoma cell line. Both fusion partners resulted in heterohybridoma cell lines, producing monoclonal alloantibodies against bovine red blood cell antigens. Several clones produced antibodies against identical antigens and some of these clones have been further analysed. The antibodies produced by these selected cell lines have been compared with conventional polyclonal antisera used in bovine blood typing service. Thus extensive tests--including the ISAG Comparison Tests 1989/90 and 1991/92--have proved that monoclonal alloantibodies specific for the internationally recognized bovine red cell antigens A2, I1, O1, Q, A', B', Q', C1, R1, X1, S and Z have been produced. The Q, A', B', and C1 antibodies react weakly with certain phenogroups, whereas the A2, I1, O1, Q', R1, X1, S and Z antibodies have proved to be excellent blood typing reagents and have now substituted the polyclonal antisera in routine bovine blood typing in our laboratory.
 ...
PMID:Bovine monoclonal alloantibodies to blood group antigens prepared by murine x bovine or (murine x bovine) x bovine interspecies fusions. 149

Great numbers of CD5+ B lymphocytes were detected in the peripheral blood of patients with B-CLL. To study the antibody repertoire of this immune cell subpopulation on a monoclonal level, we fused the lymphocytes derived from five different donors to a highly efficient HAT-sensitive heteromyeloma line (CB-F7). A fusion frequency of up to 10(-5) allowed us to analyse hundreds of initial hybridoma lines per fusion. In all culture supernatants in three out of five fusions IgM lambda antibodies were detected, in two experiments only IgM kappa was measured, suggesting monoclonality of the primary hybridoma cell lines. The later fusions resulted in hybridomas producing multi-specific antibodies against both an autoantigen and an infectious agent: (i) dsDNA/influenza virus haemagglutinin; (ii) dsDNA/class V outer membrane protein type C from Neisseria meningitidis. However, no antibodies of the described specificity were detected in blood sera of patients, indicating a 'switch-on' of the immunoglobulin secretion capacity of malignant B cells during fusion to a myeloma partner. We discuss the results as further evidence for the natural multi-reactive antibody repertoire of CD5+ B cells.
 ...
PMID:Human hybridomas derived from CD5+ B lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) produce multi-specific natural IgM (kappa) antibodies. 170 36

By improving our previous method for production of human hybridomas, we developed a simple and remarkably efficient method for production of human hybridomas. We reformed our previous method in the following three points: (1) we added irradiated (30 Gy) myeloma cells as feeder cells to culture of fusion cells; (2) ouabain concentration in the selective medium was reduced from 2 x 10(-6) M to 1 x 10(-6) M; (3) selective medium (GIT-HAT-OL) was added to the culture after overnight cultivation of fusion cells. Consequently, we obtained higher fusion frequency (1/700 vs. 1/5500) compared with our previous method. By our present method, only so small number of human B cells (EBV-LCL) is required, so that the time necessary to establish human hybridomas is reduced.
 ...
PMID:A simple and improved method to generate human hybridomas. 176 43

Using Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation, we have successfully obtained the neutrophils from normal human donors, which can be used as particle antigens for immunizing BALB/c mice. Hybridomas were produced through the fusion of SP2/0 myeloma cells and splenocytes from immunized BALB/c mice. The ratio of fusion was 1:5. The cells were fused with 30% polyethylene glycol (MW 4000). The rate of fusion was 90%. The antibody producing colonies against the membrane of neutrophils in HAT medium were selected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Antibody positive rate was 60% (102/170). Limiting dilution was used for colonization of the antibody-producing hybridoma cells. After colonization for three times, one hybridoma cell line was obtained, which could inhibit complement-mediated phagocytosis. Culture supernatant was used against class- and subclass- specific rabbit antisera (rabbit anti-mouse IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgGd22, IgG2b, IgG3) in an agar immunodiffusion system, it was shown to be IgG22.
 ...
PMID:[Screening and identification of monoclonal antibodies against human neutrophil and detection of inhibiting opsonic phagocytic activity]. 177 29

The authors report the establishment of a human myeloma cell line--KM-2R--and its preliminary use in human-human hybridoma research. KM-2R cells are resistant to both 6-TG and ouabain. Their doubling time is about 30 h. They have a modal chromosome number of 81-85. Using ELISA and immunodiffusion techniques, gamma-heavy and kappa-light chains were detected in the concentrated cell culture supernatant. KM-2R cells are sensitive to HAT medium. When fusing with normal human spleen cells, tonsil cells, and B lymphoblasts transformed by EB virus, fusion frequencies of 20-60% resulted.
 ...
PMID:Establishment of human myeloma cell line KM-2R and its preliminary application to human-human hybridoma research. 180 83


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>