Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nonadherent and nonphagocytic lymphoid cells from human peripheral blood became strongly cytotoxic against 51Cr-labeled chicken red blood cells and cells from an established human myeloma cell line when subjected to repeated cycles of washing in phosphate buffered saline or treated with trypsin or lecithinase. Prior to augmentation the effector cells pass nylon wool columns that remove practically all surface IgG-positive cells, but after augmentation they are retained in such columns. Augmentation does not make them phagocytic or adherent to plastic surfaces. Incubation at 37 degrees C of augmented cells prior to addition on the target cells restores the original nonaggressive state. Morphologically the cells making contact with the target cells are small or intermediate-sized mononuclear cells.
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PMID:Spontaneous, augmentable cell-mediated cytotoxicity with limited target cell specificity in human blood. 6 51

An ATPase was purified from mouse myeloma MOPC 70E the activity of which depends on the presence of single-stranded DNA and divalent cations such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Ni2+ or Fe2+. The enzyme splits both ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates but preferentially ATP and dATP yielding nucleoside diphosphates and inorganic phosphate. The enzyme has an absolute requirement for single-stranded DNA. Alternating double-stranded polydeoxynucleotides are only slight effective, and native double-stranded DNA, single-stranded and double-stranded RNAs as well as DNA - RNA hybrids are ineffective in stimulating the ATPase. The enzyme has further characterized by sedimentation in a sucrose density gradient (s20, w = 5.5 S) and by isoelectric focussing in an ampholine pH gradient (pI = 6.5).
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PMID:An ATPase depending on the presence of single-stranded DNA from mouse myeloma. 12 26

In 36 patients with neoplastic diseases 72 episodes of hypercalcaemia with serum-calcium levels greater than or equal to 2.75 mmol/l were treated (19 breast carcinoma; 9 bronchial or lung carcinoma; 5 multiple myeloma; 1 each jejunal carcinoid, malignant lymphoma, phaeochromocytoma). Cardinal symptoms were mental, neuromuscular and renal during the hypercalcaemic episodes. Mithramycin is preferred to other methods (infusion of sodium chloride and frusemide, prednisone, sodium-potassium-phosphate infusion) of treating acute or subacute hypercalcaemia. Mithramycin in a single injection of 20-25 microgram/kg body-weight intravenously is usually sufficient to counteract a hypercalcaemic phase for at least 7-10 days, often much longer. There was a highly significant fall in serum-calcium levels from two days onwards after mithramycin injection. Toxic side-effects were minimal and restricted to transitory increase in transaminase levels, initially 5-6 times normal with a maximum on the third day and normalisation on the fifth day after mithramycin administration.
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PMID:[Treatment of hypercalcaemic syndrome in tumour patients, especially with mithramycin]. 14 99

The interaction of phosphorycholine-binding mouse myeloma protein M603 and the isotopically substituted hapten phosphoryl[methyl-13C] choline has been investigated using 13C and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Upon binding to antibody, upfield shifts of 0.7 and 1.5 ppm are observed for the hapten 13C and 31P resonances, respectively, and both spectra are in the "slow" exchange limit. Linewidth analysis indicates some immobilization of the phosphate group but essentially unrestricted methyl group rotation for the bound hapten. Hapten-antibody dissociation rate constants of 10 and 38 s-1 are calculated from 13C and 31P NMR spectra, respectively, suggesting the possibility of differential dissociation rates for the two opposing ends of the phosphorylcholine molecule. The NMR data are entirely consistent with the known x-ray structure of the M603 Fab'-phosporylcholine complex (Segal,D.M., Padlan, E.A., Cohen G.H., Rudikoff S., Potter,M., and Davies, D.R. (1974), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 4298).
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PMID:Magnetic resonance studies of the binding site interactions between phosphorylcholine and specific mouse myeloma immunoglobulin. 55 44

A mutant cell line (IF2) derived from the mouse myeloma MOPC 21 has been used for the isolation and sequence analysis of H-chain mRNA. The IF2 cells synthesise an H-chain of reduced size in which the CH1 homology region is missing. Sizing of the IF2 H-chain mRNA and wild-type H-chain mRNA revealed that the deletion is expressed at the mRNA level. The mutant H-chain mRNA sedimented at 16-S, enabling effective resolution from 18-S ribosomal RNA. In experiments using IF2 cells labelled with [32P]phosphate, the 16-S mRNA was purified by oligo(T)-cellulose chromatography. Polyacrylamide gel analysis of the poly(A)-containing fraction showed the presence of a single radioactive band. Comparison of the mobility of this band relative to markers of known molecular weight revealed that the molecule contained about 1600 nucleotides. Digestion of the 32-P-labelled mRNA with T1 ribonuclease and two-dimensional fractionation of the resulting oligonucleotides yielded a 'finger-print' suitable for a preliminary sequence analysis. By using the established amino acid sequence of the IF2 H-chain and a knowledge of the genetic code, 14 oligonucleotides were assigned within the constant region and four within the variable region of the IF2 H-chain. This sequence data accounts for 19.5% of the coding region. Several other oligonucleotides, which could not be assigned within the coding region but which occurred in approximately molar yield, have also been partially characterised. These oligonucleotides are presumably derived from the untranslated regions of mRNA.
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PMID:Purification and sequence analysis of the mRNA coding for an immunoglobulin heavy chain. 81 96

The Sia test was performed in strictly standardized conditions in boiled, bidistilled, deionized water (BBD) and in 0.01 M phosphate buffers pH 5.0 and 7.0. Normal human sera and sera from patients with diffuse hypergammaglobulinemia ( greater than 2.0 g/100 ml), immunoglobulin G (IgG) myeloma (M component greater than 5.0 g/100 ml), and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia were studied. In BBD all normal sera were Sia-negative, whereas 16 per cent of sera with diffuse hypergammaglobulinemia, 60 per cent of sera with IgG M component, and 44 per cent of macroglobulinemic sera with Sia-positive. Almost all sera from the above mentioned four groups gave positive results in phosphate buffer pH 5.0 and the majority of them, with the exception of normal human sera, gave positive results at pH 7.0. All precipitates isolated from the sera tested showed beta-alpha 2 bands in cellulose acetate electropherograms. Precipitates from the sera with diffuse hypergammaglobulinemia also showed gamma bands, and those from the myelomatous or macroglobulinemic sera showed strong bands corresponding to the M components. Whereas immunoelectrophoresis of the four-fold-concentrated precipitates showed up to 11 precipitation lines, radial immunodiffusion detected up to 18 proteins. The characteristic pattern of IgM/IgG immune complexes was observed in immunoelectrophoresis of Sia precipitates from hypergammaglobulinemic sera with rheumatoid factor. The recovery of immunoglobulins in the Sia precipitates varied greatly but that of IgM was usually greater than that of IgG or IgA. It may be concluded that the Sia test is entirely nonspecific regardless of the buffer or pH at which it is performed. The only advantages of this test seem to be the quick partial purification of IgM components and identification of their light chains, and the possible detection of immune complexes.
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PMID:Immunochemical and physical studies of the Sia test. 81 99

The authors have evaluated a new kinetic acid phosphatase method in which the substrate is alpha-naphthyl phosphate. The original claim that this substrate was highly specific for the prostatic isozyme has been strongly challenged. Therefore, large numbers of patients in the following groupings were included in the evaluation: 52 urology clinic patients, 17 patients with uremia, 11 patients with multiple myeloma and 231 patients who had undergone prostatic biopsies. Two hundred seventy of these patients were found to be free of prostatic cancer. Of these, seven had acid phosphatase values above the upper limit of normal. Five of these seven patients had diagnoses of fibromuscular glandular hyperplasia. One was a woman who had multiple myeloma, and one was a uremic patient. Fifteen of 17 patients who had metastatic cancer of the prostate had elevated acid phosphatase activities, whereas one of 24 patients who had cancer of the prostate but no evidence of metastases had an elevated value.
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PMID:An evaluation of a kinetic acid phosphatase method. 86 5

Hypercalcemia of multiple myeloma has been discussed widely in the medical literature. The role of calcitonin and phosphate in the treatment of hypercalcemia of multiple myeloma has not yet been studied to our knowledge, although experimental animal models have been pointing to the role of phosphate supplement to calcitonin treatment in multiple myeloma. A patient had multiple myeloma and hypercalcemia. The usual medical treatment for hypercalcemia failed; however, the treatment with combined orally administered phosphate and calcitonin was successful. The role of phosphate depletion in this setting is brought up as an important factor in the failure of calcitonin therapy.
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PMID:Combined calcitonin and oral phosphate treatment for hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma. 87 32

Culture filtrate extracts from a number of dermatophyte and Aspergillus species precipitate with human C-reactive protein (CRP) and the lectin Con A. Using immobilized Con A, a peptidopolysaccharide (PPS) has been isolated from Epidermophyton floccosum culture filtrate by affinity chromatography and shown to precipitate with Con A, human CRP sera and a mouse myeloma serum with specificity for phosphorylcholine (PC). The PPS contains carbohydrate (60%), protein (35%), choline and phosphate. The carbohydrate portion consists almost entirely of D-mannose with only 2% hexosamine. Amino acid analysis revealed that serine, threonine, proline and glycine accounted for over 50% of the total amino acids present. Precipitation of E. floccosum PPS and pneumococcal C substance with human CRP sera and mouse anti-PC serum were compared in quantitative precipitin studies. Inhibition studies demonstrated that PC is a potent inhibitor of the serum CRP-PPS and myeloma protein-PPS precipitation reactions. The involvement of 'C substances' in a variety of biological processes is discussed.
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PMID:Isolation of a peptido-polysaccharide from the dermatophyte Epidermophyton floccosum and a study of its reaction with human C-reactive protein and a mouse anti-phosphorylcholine myeloma serum. 88 87

The major form of methionine tRNA operational in the elongation of protein synthesis in mouse myeloma cells was purufied from these cells after they had been cultured in the presence of [32P]-phosphate. This [32P]tRNA4-Met species was then digested with T1 RNase or pancreatic RNase so as to obtain both complete and partial RNase digestion products. The nucleotide sequences of these fragments were analysed to enable the derivation of the complete primary structure of this tRNA. tRNA4-Met of mouse myeloma cells is 76 nucleotides in length and contains 15 modified nucleotides. It is the only tRNA yet sequenced which has been found to possess the minor nucleoside 2-methylguanosine (m2G) within the amino acid (a) stem, and also to have an anticodon (c) stem of only 4 and not 5 base-pairs. The loop IV sequence of eukaryotic initiator methionine tRNA (tRNAf-Met) species, -A-U-C-G-m1A-A-A-, IS NOT FOUND IN TRNA4-Met and is therefore absent from at least one of the methionine tRNAs functioning in polypeptide elongation in mammalian cells. This is consistent with the suggested importance of this loop structure in the initiator function of tRNAf-Met in eukaryotic organisms. Three distinct regions of the tRNA cloverleaf, the (b) stem, the anticodon loop (loop II), and loop III, are substantially conserved in structure between tRNAf-Met and tRNA4-Met of mouse myeloma cells. These regions of the structures of mammalian methionine tRNAs probably do not determine whether a certain tRNA-Met will function in the initiation or elongation of protein synthesis, although they might be important in tRNA-Met recognition if the different cytoplasmic tRNA-Met species of mammalian cells are aminoacylated by a single activating enzyme.
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PMID:The nucleotide sequence of a methionine tRNA which functions in protein elongation in mouse myeloma cells. 116 34


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