Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Differential effects of Mg2+, spermidine, and reticulocyte ribosomal wash factors on the translation of endogenous, myeloma, and globin mRNA's have been observed in studies with the wheat germ cell-free protein synthesizing system. Spermidine stimulated globin mRNA translation but not the translation of endogenous wheat germ messages, and the polyamine actually inhibited the translation of myeloma mRNA. Ribosomal wash factors, on the other hand, stimulated endogenous and myeloma mRNA dependent protein synthesis in an Mg2+-dependent fashion but inhibited globin mRNA translation. The combination of ribosomal wash factors and spermidine was either stimulatory or inhibitory depending on the Mg2+ concentration and the message. It was further observed that translation of exogenous myeloma mRNA proceeded for only 60 min at 25 degrees C under all conditions tested in this study, while translation of endogenous wheat germ messages continued for longer periods of time. No differential effects of spermidine on the synthesis of high molecular weight myeloma proteins were observed.
 ...
PMID:Effects of ribosomal wash factors and spermidine on endogenous and exogenous mRNA stimulated protein synthesis in the wheat germ cell-free system. 45 21

One hundred twenty-four patients with hematological and solid neoplasms had pretreatment urinary polyamine determinations. Putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were all significantly increased as compared to normals (p less than 0.001). Polyamine levels were directly related to disease activity and tumor burden. In patients with multiple myeloma, putrescine levels were significantly correlated with clinical disease activity as well as the in vitro labeling index of marrow plasma cells. Spermidine values reflected tumor cell burden. Serial studies in 56 patients indicated that greater than twofold rise in urinary spermidine during treatment was highly correlated with cell kill and subsequent clinical response (p less than 0.001). Serum polyamine levels in 17 patients were found to be comparable to urinary values. Our data indicate that polyamine determinations can potentially be clinically useful, i.e., baseline values as indicators of tumor cell mass and growth fraction, and increases in spermidine during treatment as an excellent marker of tumor cell kill.
 ...
PMID:Polyamines as markers of response and disease activity in cancer chemotherapy. 83 Apr 7

Four mouse and two human tumour cell lines resistant to alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), were analysed for the activities of polyamine-biosynthetic and -biodegradative enzymes as well as for cellular polyamine contents. In all but one of these cell lines the resistance to DFMO was based on an overproduction of ODC. In a human myeloma cell line the resistance was based on a greatly enhanced arginase activity. Except for one L1210 variant cell line, all the resistant cell lines contained elevated S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity. Similarly, all the resistant mouse, but not human, cell lines displayed enhanced spermidine and spermine synthase activities. Arginase activity was detected only in human cell lines. In both DFMO-resistant cell lines the activity of arginase was strikingly elevated. Of the biodegradative enzymes, polyamine oxidase activity was readily detectable in all mouse cells, but no measurable activity was found in the human cells. Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity was elevated in three out of four resistant mouse cell lines. Even though the concentration of spermidine was usually lower in the overproducer cells, this was compensated by an increased content of spermine. The two resistant human myeloma cells contained intracellular ornithine concentrations that were from more than 5 to more than 20 times higher than those in the parental cells.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of difluoromethylornithine-resistant mouse and human tumour cell lines. 249 5

Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) is a catabolic regulator of polyamines, ubiquitous molecules essential for cell proliferation and differentiation. Anti-SSAT antibodies (monoclonal antibodies [mAbs]) of high titer were prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with multifocal intradermal injections and by fusing high-titer antibody-producing spleen cells with myeloma cells of SP2/0 origin. Four mAbs were selected for further characterization as classes and subclasses. Antibodies were produced by these three clones with high affinities ranging from 10(9) to 10(11) M(-1). These clones were found to be of the immunoglobulin IgG1 subclass with kappa light chain. They could recognize SSAT as determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The specificity of one clone, 4H6, was studied by using the small interfering RNA (siRNA) on SSAT. 4H6 was also compared with the commercial antibody. The produced mAbs will be a useful tool for further investigation of SSAT functions in organisms.
...
PMID:Preparation of Antispermidine/Spermine-N1-Acetyltransferase Monoclonal Antibodies. 2722 36