Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from an infertile woman possessing strong sperm immobilizing and agglutinating antibodies were stimulated by culturing with poke-weed mitogen (PWM) and spermatozoa from a healthy donor for 5 days. The stimulated lymphocytes were fused with mouse myeloma NS-1 by PEG-1000. Fused growing hybrid cells were observed in 58 of 96 wells, and 22 of these showed the production of human immunoglobulin. Among the 22, one hybridoma clone (H6-3C4) was found to produce human IgM (lambda) with strong sperm immobilizing and agglutinating activities. The supernatant from the culture medium contained approximately 1.5 microgram IgM/ml and the antibody titers were 5000 SI50 units on sperm immobilization and 1:1600 dilutions on sperm agglutination. The hybridoma H6-3C4 has continuously produced high titers of antibody exhibiting sperm immobilizing and agglutinating activities over 8 months and contains chromosomes of acrocentric type from mouse and metacentric type from human. The monoclonal antibody (Mab) H6-3C4 reacted specifically to human seminal plasma, ejaculated spermatozoa and male accessory gland but not to testis, any other somatic tissues, or secreted fluids tested. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that the antigen corresponding to Mab H6-3C4 was present over the surface of ejaculated spermatozoa. The binding of Mab H6-3C4 to human spermatozoa was blocked by the serum of the patient from whom the lymphocytes were obtained for cell fusion.
 ...
PMID:Establishment and characterization of a human hybridoma secreting monoclonal antibody with high titers of sperm immobilizing and agglutinating activities against human seminal plasma. 329 32

Female BALB/c mice 6-8 weeks old were immunized intravenously (IV) with two injections of 30,000 human oral epithelial cells two weeks apart. The sera of these mice, and none of the controls, were positive by indirect immunofluorescence to cell suspensions of human epithelial cells of gingivae, tonsils and skin, but were negative to sections of human spleen, kidney and liver. The fluorescence was apparent only in the prickle cell layer, not at the basement membrane region nor in the connective tissue. The spleen cells from one of the selected immunized mice were fused to mouse myeloma cells, using polyethylene glycol (1500 MW), three days after a third IV booster injection of 30,000 epithelial cells. Three of the monoclonal cell lines produced have shown different staining patterns with various sizes of epithelial cells in suspension, results that differ from the staining pattern obtained with epithelial cells using polyclonal sera. These monoclonal antibodies were directed against antigens that differ from blood group A, B and HLA antigens on the surface of epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:A method for producing monoclonal antibodies to human oral epithelial cells by the hybridoma technique. 346 9

Cytotoxic human T cells from different sources were fused with different types of human T-lymphoma cells and mouse B-myeloma cells using variations of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) method and electrofusion. Both techniques yielded proliferating hybridomas. The frequency of wells with proliferating hybridomas depended on the tumor fusion partner used; the best results were obtained with HSB-1, whereas fusions with JURKAT-1 and HPB-1 did not yield any hybridomas. For one tumor cell line (HSB-1), considerably more hybridomas were obtained with electrofusion than with the PEG fusion (with or without heat shock). There was no consistent relationship between the presence or absence of cytotoxic activity of the T lymphocytes against the tumor fusion partner and the yield of hybridomas. In human-human as well as in human-mouse hybridomas most of the lymphocyte derived chromosomes were lost. Four of the more than 600 hybridomas tested showed transient cytotoxic activity, but in none of them this function could be immortalized. Two of the hybridomas obtained with CEM-1 as tumor fusion partner expressed low levels of lymphocyte-derived CD3 antigens. Two hybridomas obtained with HSB-1 were highly invasive in vitro in rat hepatocyte cultures, whereas HSB-1 tumor cells were not.
 ...
PMID:Efforts to produce human cytotoxic T-cell hybridomas by electrofusion and PEG fusion. 349 59

We have attempted to increase the frequency of azobenzene arsonate-specific hybrids by bridging specific B cells to the myeloma partner cells prior to polyethylene glycol-induced fusion. Bridging was accomplished by prelabeling the B cells with avidin-labeled antigen and incubating them with myeloma cells that had been modified directly with biotin. We have tested this system of hybridization with B cells from normal mice, and mice undergoing both primary and secondary responses. We found that the method is fruitful for IgG-secreting hybridomas of moderately high affinity.
 ...
PMID:Directed fusion in hybridoma production. 349 3

Somatic cell hybrids which produced antibodies against measles virus were established by fusing the spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunizing with purified measles virus and the myeloma cell line P3.653 using polyethylene glycol 1,000. Mouse ascites were obtained by inoculating several hybridoma clones, and 2 ascites showed to have high HI titer antibodies. Location of the measles virus antigens on the cells infected with measles virus could be analysed by indirect immunofluorescence technique using these monoclonal antibodies. Reversed passive hemagglutination-inhibition (R-PHI) titers checked by chicken blood cells coated with 2 monoclonal antibodies were parallel with the HI tiers by African green monkey blood cells. These antibodies will be valuable for many virological investigation, for instance, for the detailed antigenic analysis of measles virus and for searching the location of measles virus antigens in the infected cells or tissues.
 ...
PMID:[Studies on the interaction between cells infected with measles virus and anti-measles antibody. II. Production and application of monoclonal antibodies against measles virus]. 351 20

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to placental alkaline phosphatase (PAlP) were raised by using the hybridoma technique. Spleen cells from immunized mice were fused with the mouse myeloma line NS-1 using 50% polyethylene glycol and cultured in a selection medium. Antibodies were screened by the enzyme immunoassay using immobilized solid-phase antigen and anti-mouse immunogloblin Fab' (rabbit)-beta-D-galactosidase complex. Four double-cloned hybridomas were obtained. The cross-reactivity with different kinds of alkaline phosphatases of the raised MAbs was examined. At first, MAb 11-D-10, with which placenta was stained but liver and small intestine were not stained in indirect immunofluorescence, was selected. Then, the cross-reactivity of MAb 11-D-10 was further investigated by immunoblotting (Western blotting). MAb 11-D-10 reacted with PAlP but did not react with hepatic and intestinal alkaline phosphatase at all. The binding activity of 125I-labeled MAb 11-D-10 with different choriocarcinoma cell lines (SCH, BeWo, NaUCC-1, NaUCC-2, and NaUCC-3) was highest in SCH, then in the order of BeWo, NaUCC-3, NaUCC-1 and NaUCC-2, and correlated to the PAlP content of the cells (SCH greater than BeWo greater than NaUCC-3 greater than NaUCC-1 greater than NaUCC-2). Also the intensity of indirect immunofluorescence of the above cell lines with MAb 11-D-10 correlated with the PAlP content of each cell.
 ...
PMID:Purification of placental alkaline phosphatase and its monoclonal antibody. 353 20

BALB/c mice were hyperimmunized with ACHN (ATCC CRL 1611, American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland), a stable in vitro cell line derived from a malignant pleural effusion in a 22-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma. The hyperimmune spleen cells were fused with NS-1 murine myeloma cells using polyethylene glycol. Hybridoma supernatants were screened for the presence of IgG reactive with detergent extracts of ACHN and nonreactive with detergent extracts of normal kidney tissue. A stable, rapidly growing clone named 5F4 was isolated. Supernatant from 5F4 was used as a primary antibody preparation for avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase staining of multiple cases of renal cell carcinoma, normal tissues, and other tumors. 5F4 produced IgG which reacted with a cytoplasmic structure in paraffin-embedded sections of all renal cell carcinomas tested. There was occasional, weak, granular, cytoplasmic staining of isolated tubular lining cells in adjacent normal kidney.
 ...
PMID:A renal cell carcinoma neoplastic antigen detectable by immunohistochemistry is defined by a murine monoclonal antibody. 355

Human-human B-cell hybridomas were established using peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves' disease. Peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC), with or without mitogen prestimulation, were fused with HGPRT-negative human myeloma cell lines (Gm4672 and GM0462) using 44% polyethylene glycol. Developing hybridomas were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for human IgG and IgM and antibodies to human thyroglobulin (hTg) and microsomal antigen (M-Ag). A 125I-TSH binding inhibition assay was utilized for detecting antibodies to TSH receptor (TSH-R) protein. Hybridoma formation was observed only after prior mitogen stimulation of PMC. The amount of antibody secreted by the human-human hybridomas was highly variable (10 ng-100 micrograms/ml IgG/IgM). Nine and six-tenths percent of the hybrids secreted anti-hTg and 8.4% secreted anti-M-Ag. A 5% cloning efficiency was achieved, with detection of specific thyroid autoantibody secretion in one-third of the clones derived from positive hybridomas. Immunoglobulin secretion decreased with time and long-term stable clones were not achieved. Thyroid monoclonal autoantibodies to hTg, M-Ag, and TSH-R (IgG and IgM) detected during these studies were of a low affinity. In addition, antibodies were identified which exhibited marked specificity crossover between hTg, M-Ag, and nonthyroid antigens, suggesting the presence of recurrent epitopes. Such observations may help explain the multiplicity of thyroid autoantibodies in human thyroid disease and indicate a common defect in immunoregulation. We suggest that cross-reacting epitopes may be important in the derivation of thyroid-specific B-cell clones.
 ...
PMID:A study of human-human hybridomas from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. 355 36

Due to their specificity, constant properties and virtually unlimited supply monoclonal antibodies have given an important stimulus to almost every field of biomedical research within the last 10 years. The generation of mouse monoclonal antibodies includes immunisation of mice followed by fusion of mice spleen cells with a murine myeloma cell line. With this procedure hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies of a predefined specificity can be obtained. For three major reasons we worked on the establishment of human hybridomas secreting specific antibodies: human antibodies are less immunogenic when used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, only human monoclonal antibodies allow the analyses of the human B cell repertoire, there is evidence that human monoclonal antibodies recognise epitopes different from those seen by murine monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, we set out to generate human B cell hybridomas by cell fusion using the human lymphoblastoid B cell line Wi-L2-729 HF2 and lymphocytes from melanoma patients. The lymphocytes were isolated from tumour-draining cervical lymph nodes, stimulated with pokeweed mitogens plus the autologous tumour cells in an enriched tissue culture medium and fused in the presence of polyethylene glycol. Supernatants of hybridomas were screened in a single cell immunosorbent assay with either autologous melanoma cells or established melanoma cell lines fixed to the bottom of Terasaki plates or on cytospin preparations of these cells using the immunoperoxidase staining procedure. We could demonstrate that the tumour draining lymph nodes of these melanoma patients contained B lymphocytes capable of producing antibodies reacting with the tumour cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Attempts to produce human monoclonal antibodies to melanoma using the cervical lymph nodes]. 358 98

Two preparations of L'/R-type pyruvate kinase from human erythrocytes characterized by SDS-PAGE were used for immunization of BALB/c mice. Their spleen cells were fused with mouse myeloma cells by polyethylene glycol according to standard techniques. Supernatants of hybridomas resulting from two separate experiments were assayed by ELISA and further characterized by immunoblotting. Using those monoclonal antibodies reacting with L'/R-PK in immunoblotting, a major band of 62 KDa MW was recognized in both preparations employed for immunization. Additionally, four smaller bands were detected. Furthermore, the monoclonal antibodies also detected a single band of 62 KDa MW in a highly purified L-PK prepared from human liver. In contrast, they showed no reaction with muscle and brain tissues containing M1-type PK. However, they reacted strongly with a single band of approximately 62 KDa in liver and kidney homogenates which is in line with immunocytochemical studies showing immunoreactive material in hepatocytes and proximal tubules of the kidney.
 ...
PMID:Human erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (L'/R-PK): production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody. 359 2


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>