Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone remodeling is a constant phenomenon balancing between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption in the neighbourhood of a cellular micro-environment including stromal and hemopoietic cells. Numerous local factors and hormones modulate such a mechanism and act synergistically, usually through the indirect production of osteoblastic coupling factors. The majority of the cytokines acting on bone remodeling possess both actions upon activation of mature osteoclasts and differentiation of hemopoietic osteoclast progenitors. Components from bone matrix which include non-collagenous bone proteins and other local factors are major products acting on bone remodeling. The presence of a cancer may determine changes in bone remodeling, directly through tumor-mediated resorption or indirectly through the action of local or systemic factors with or without tumor involvement of bone. Bone remodeling associated with cancer is usually an uncoupled phenomenon with decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption. In B-cell malignancies, abnormal bone remodeling is an early event linked to specific bone involvement. Abnormal osteoclast differentiation (micro- or macro-resorption) represents a major difference between myeloma and other B-cell malignancies. Several synergistic factors produced by tumor cells and micro-environment are usually implicated in the pathogenesis of bone lytic lesions, hypercalcemia or histomorphometric bone changes associated with cancers.
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PMID:[Bone tissue and cancer]. 240 92

Physical interaction of skeletal precursors with multiple myeloma cells has been shown to suppress their osteogenic potential while favoring their tumor-promoting features. Although several transcriptome analyses of myeloma patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells have displayed differences compared to their healthy counterparts, these analyses insufficiently reflect the signatures mediated by tumor cell contact, vary due to different methodologies, and lack results in lineage-committed precursors. To determine tumor cell contact-mediated changes on skeletal precursors, we performed transcriptome analyses of mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenic precursor cells cultured in contact with the myeloma cell line INA-6. Comparative analyses confirmed dysregulation of genes which code for known disease-relevant factors and additionally revealed upregulation of genes that are associated with plasma cell homing, adhesion, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis. Osteoclast-derived coupling factors, a dysregulated adipogenic potential, and an imbalance in favor of anti-anabolic factors may play a role in the hampered osteoblast differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Angiopoietin-Like 4 (ANGPTL4) was selected from a list of differentially expressed genes as a myeloma cell contact-dependent target in skeletal precursor cells which warranted further functional analyses. Adhesion assays with full-length ANGPTL4-coated plates revealed a potential role of this protein in INA-6 cell attachment. This study expands knowledge of the myeloma cell contact-induced signature in the stromal compartment of myelomatous bones and thus offers potential targets that may allow detection and treatment of myeloma bone disease at an early stage.
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PMID:Contact of myeloma cells induces a characteristic transcriptome signature in skeletal precursor cells -Implications for myeloma bone disease. 2751 72