Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cell-surface sugar receptors may participate in interactions of lymphoid cells that influence their adhesive properties and proliferation. Their expression on cells of the pre-B line BLIN-I, the B-lymphoblastoid line Croco II, the myeloma line RPMI 8226 and the T-lymphoblastoid line CCRF-CEM was monitored with a panel of 14 types of chemically glycosylated E. coli beta-galactosidase at a non-saturating ligand concentration. Quantitative differences were determined for the capacity of the different cell types to bind constituents of the carbohydrate part of glycoconjugates. They were corroborated by analyses of binding for lactose-, beta-N-acetylgalactosamine-, beta-N-acetylglucosamine- and fucose-exposing neoglycoenzymes up to saturation levels. Values of dissociation constants of the tetrameric enzyme were in the range of 3-300 nM. Several types of sugar receptor led to carbohydrate-inhibitable adhesion of cells to 6 types of nitrocellulose-immobilized neoglycoprotein, their effectiveness being most obvious for the myeloma cells. Analyses of the carbohydrate-ligand-mediated adhesion of the other cell types revealed a comparatively decreased response. Only a few carbohydrates among the 7 types tested were effective in reducing cell adhesion to a far more complex ligand-bearing matrix than immobilized neoglycoproteins, namely bone-marrow stromal cell layers: sialic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine for B-lymphoblastoid cells and rhamnose for pre-B cells. These cellular interactions may encompass sugar receptors on the stromal cells and other types of molecular recognition in addition to the detected activities on the lymphoid cells.
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PMID:Adhesion of human lymphoid cell lines to immobilized carbohydrates and to bone-marrow stromal cell layers by surface sugar receptors. 839 77

Recently completed phase II trials and retrospective analyses conducted outside the United States, primarily in Europe and Australia, have confirmed results of landmark US trials that established the efficacy of thalidomide in multiple myeloma. These trials evaluated thalidomide alone or in combination in patients with heavily pretreated relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma. Single-agent thalidomide induced objective responses in approximately one third of patients and prolonged survival by approximately 1 year. These trials also indicated a possible dose-response relationship of thalidomide and identified several poor prognostic factors, including advanced age, high lactose dehydrogenase level, low platelet count, and low hemoglobin level. The combination of thalidomide with dexamethasone increased overall response by approximately 20% and reduced the time to response compared with thalidomide alone. In addition, lower doses of thalidomide used in the combination may increase patient tolerability. Finally, thalidomide in combination with chemotherapy yields response rates of approximately 60%, with median survival times of approximately 18 months. Randomized trials are needed to confirm these results and further explore the role of thalidomide in these treatment settings.
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PMID:Thalidomide in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: pivotal trials conducted outside the United States. 1501 91


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