Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven patients with advanced multiple myeloma, failing to respond (1 case) or relapsing (6 cases) after conventional chemotherapy with melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisone, were treated with double half-body irradiation. Two patients died before the irradiation could be completed. The five patients who received the total dose of irradiation obtained a reduction in their tumour mass of between 40 and 80%. There was an incomplete and inconstant effect on pain and functional status. The haematological toxicity was marked and one patient died after 7 months from marrow failure. One of the four remaining patients relapsed after 3 months and the other three are still in remission after 6, 8 and 10 months. In the present state of knowledge, double half-body irradiation should be considered to be a form of salvage treatment for myelomas not responding to chemotherapy.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 Feb
PMID:[Double half-body radiotherapy in myeloma]. 636

Hypercalcemia secondary to malignancies can be divided into two groups according to their calcium elevating mechanism: solid tumors with bony metastases, most frequently originating from the breast or the bronchi, and solid tumors without bony metastases, associated with secretion by the tumor of a substance which increases the calcium level. This substance resembles parathormone in pseudo-hyperparathyroidism, prostaglandins, or other substances not yet identified. The most common tumors involved are bronchial or renal cancers. Diagnostic problems vary depending on whether the cancer has been identified or not, and if bony metastases have or have not been discovered. Primary hyperparathyroidism must also be considered since it is frequently associated with cancer. Hypercalcemia from blood dyscrasias (myeloma and lymphoma) originates from the same mechanisms. It may or may not be associated with bony lesions. The hypercalcemia could be due to a "parathormone like" substance, to prostaglandins, to a substance that stimulates osteoclasts (OAF), or to calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). The treatment of hypercalcemia due to malignancies is primarily through the use of antiosteoclastic agents: calcitonin, mithramycin, and more recently diphosphonates. Corticosteroids and the prostaglandin inhibitors can have an additional calcium lowering effect.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 Dec 15
PMID:[Hypercalcemia of cancer and myeloma]. 639 3

In order to evaluate quantitatively the bony changes in multiple myeloma, 118 transiliac bone biopsies in non decalcified bone were made in patients with multiple myeloma and studied histologically. Areas of osteoclastic resorption were increased when compared to normal controls and the number of osteoclasts/mm2 in spongy bone was significantly more elevated in zones massively invaded by plasmocytes than in non-invaded zones. The binding of tetracycline to osteoid was increased, indicating active bone formation. However, the reduced thickness of the osteoid and the rate of calcification measured by double labeling with tetracycline showed reduced osteoblastic activity at the cellular level. The volume of trabecular bone was not significantly reduced when compared to controls but plasmocyte infiltration was quite variable in distribution. In invaded zones, there was no noteworthy difference in the different parameters analyzed between patients receiving chemotherapy and those untreated. This shows that if chemotherapy can reduce the tumoral mass of plasmocytes, it does not change the increased osteoclastic activity of these areas. These histological findings justify the usage of antiosteoclastic agents such as the diphosphonates.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 Dec 15
PMID:[Myelomatous bone. Histomorphometric study and therapeutic effects]. 652 17

Myeloma may be complicated or revealed by spinal cord compression. Out of 105 cases of myeloma admitted to this Department, 6 cases of spinal cord compression were observed, with a favourable outcome after treatment by laminectomy combined with radiotherapy. In 5 cases out of 6, spinal cord compression was either the presenting sign or occurred within the first months after diagnosis. Compression occurred in the thoracic cord in 5 cases, and in the lumbar cord in 1 case. The interval between the first symptom and diagnosis varied greatly (from a few hours to 1 year), as did the degree of paraplegia, which ranged from paraparesis to flaccid paraplegia. A favourable outcome occurs in most other reported cases, in contrast with spinal cord compression from metastases. Treatment (laminectomy-radiotherapy or both) remains controversial.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 Feb
PMID:[Spinal cord compression in malignant plasmacytic diseases. Apropos of 6 cases]. 671 66

Ten cases of multiple myeloma with spinal cord compression are reported. The compression was located in the thoracic spine in 9 cases and in the cervical spine in 1 case. It led to the discovery of the myeloma in 4 cases. Three patients suffered, during several months, from local pain aggravated by activity and from slight and slowly progressive neurologic symptoms resembling intermittent claudication. At the time of diagnosis, sphincter dysfunction was observed only in patients with low thoracic cord compressions. In 4 cases, lesions were first treated by radiotherapy which did not produce regression of the compression. Tumor excision surgery was carried out seven times, once after failure of radiotherapy. In 6 cases an definite and steady regression of the neurological symptoms was achieved. Survival varied from 10 months to 7.5 years after identification of spinal cord compression. Survival was equal to or more than 3 years in 4 patients and will probably reach 3 years in another. Thus spinal cord compression is not by itself a sign indicating a poor short term prognosis in multiple myeloma. It should be treated by excision surgery, then by chemotherapy as in multiple myeloma at other sites.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 Apr
PMID:[Spinal cord compression in multiple myeloma. Study of 10 cases]. 672 78

The authors report the results of a prospective, multi-centre trial involving 87 patients with previously untreated myeloma who were treated by combination chemotherapy consisting of melphalan, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, prednisone and vincristine. 83.1% of patients had a high tumour mass (stage III on Durie and Salmon's classification). The response to treatment could be evaluated in 76 patients and 70% were found to respond. The median actuarial survival of the whole population is 30 months. The survival is significantly longer (p less than 0.001) in responders (median 40 months) than in non-responders (median: 17 months); the survival is significantly shorter (p less than 0.01) in subjects with renal failure (median: 10 months) than in subjects without renal failure (median: 36 months). This treatment is sufficiently well tolerated to be administered on an outpatient basis. One case of acute monoblastic leukaemia was observed. These results are similar to those reported in the literature.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1984 May
PMID:[Combination chemotherapy with vincristine, melphalan, CCNA, cyclophosphamide, prednisone in myeloma]. 674 Jan 89

In order to study the response of patients with multiple myeloma of the bones (MM) to various anti-cancer drugs (Melphalan M, Cyclophosphamide Cy, Nitrosourea NU, Vincristine V, Adriamycine A and Prednisone P), 70 MM received the following treatment : 1) Induction therapy : a) M and P or b) M and Cy and P ; 2) Levelling with partial or complete response : V Cy P (in case a) or V M Cy P (in case b) ; 3) Relapse : A and NU. The following results were obtained : 1) Only 42.6% of patients respond to induction therapy ; 2) Fewer than 10% of patients showing a response reach a second levelling with Vincristine ; 3) 50% of those not showing a response reach a levelling between --20 and --50 and have prolonged survival ; 4) Only 20% of non responders are improved by Cy P or A and NU. The median actuarial survival is 42 months. Among the responders two poor prognosis factors must be underlined : hypercalcemia and the speed of response.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1980 Feb
PMID:[Value of successive chemotherapy in multiple myeloma of bone. Prospective study over 4 years]. 736 Oct 63

The authors report two cases of myelomatosis localised to the pleura, one of which was associated with an adenocarcinoma. Pleural effusions are relatively rare during the course of multiple myeloma and most often occur with non-specific disorders of the disease. The myelomatous origin of a pleural effusion can only be made by analysis of the pleural fluid and should be recognised early enough to enable aggressive treatment to be instituted even if the prognosis associated with such a localisation is very poor.
Rev Mal Respir 1995
PMID:[Pleural involvement of myeloma. Apropos of 2 cases]. 774 45

We report a case of a patient of 58 years old who suffered from a left apical opacity occurring in a context of deterioration in general health. Subsequent clinical developments were dominated by the ophthalmic disease and a frontal syndrome. The radiological work-up showed tumoral lesions which had developed from the first rib, from the structures at the base of the cranium and the frontal area and were associated with multiple lacunae of the cranial vault. There was evidence of hyperproteinaemia, and an IgG gamma monoclonal gammopathy, a significant medullary plasmocytosis with morphological anomalies of the plasmocytes leading to a diagnosis of myeloma with a plasmocytoma of the rib and the retro-orbital area. Thoracic disease associated with this pathology is common but mainly present as osteolytic lesions. The occurrence of intrathoracic plasma cell tumours is rarer as are orbital manifestations. In spite of treatment which can frequently lead to an objective response, the prognosis of this disorder remains gloomy.
Rev Mal Respir 1995
PMID:[Myeloma with intrathoracic tumor expression]. 789 69

Pleural effusion caused by plasma cell involvement in multiple myeloma has been reported unfrequently, and has been described at a frequency below 1% of multiple myeloma. In this study, we report an observation with pleural effusion as first symptom of multiple myeloma. The analysis of the pleural liquid showed plasma cells with a monoclonal IgG Kappa immunoglobulin. In addition, there was a bone marrow infiltration by plasma cells, a serum monoclonal immuno-globulin of the same type and osteolytic lesions. Our patient has received one course of chemotherapy with: vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The patient did not respond to the therapy and died one month later. Pleural effusion seems to be an expression of aggressive myeloma. Survival exceeds rarely 4 months.
Rev Mal Respir 2000 Apr
PMID:[Plasmocytic pleural effusion disclosing multiple myeloma]. 1085 69


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>