Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of the hybridoma technology allows the identification of tumor associated antigens with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Employing this technology mAb Due ABC 3 was obtained by immunization of a BALB/c mouse with bladder tumor cell line SW 1710 and subsequent cell fusion of spleen cells with P3. X63.Ag8.653 mouse myeloma cells. MAb Due ABC 3, an IgM antibody, was found to recognize an antigen present in the membrane of tumor cells in 25 out of 28 (89%) transitional cell carcinoma specimens but rarely (three out of 25 specimens, 12%) on normal urothelial cells. Cross reactions were seen with proximal tubular epithelium of the kidney and seven out of 12 renal cell carcinomas examined. Furthermore, the antigen was expressed by granulocytes, some gastrointestinal epithelia, ovarian and breast carcinoma. The antigen recognized by mAb Due ABC 3 was stable to fixation with formaldehyde and paraffin emmbedding, different proteases, alkaline treatment and heat exposure up to 70C. Antigenicity was abandoned by incubation with periodate but not with neuraminidase treatment. The antigen could be extracted with chloroform/methanol suggesting the involvement of a glycolipid. Immuno-thin layer chromatography revealed a single lipid band reacting with mAb Due ABC 3 but not with anti-CD15, directed against the Lewis X antigen. Although not tumor-specific, mAbs directed against differentiation antigens may be of value for the investigation of cell transformations as well as for diagnostic use.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody Due ABC 3 directed against transitional cell carcinoma. I. Production, specificity analysis, and preliminary characterization of the antigen. 172 39

Lymphocytes from regional lymph nodes of patients with ovarian carcinoma were immortalized by fusing them with a nonsecreting cell line of murine myeloma (Sp2/0-Ag14). By early cloning and recloning a hybrid cell line, named HMD4, was established. It has secreted human IgG for more than 15 months stably. Chromosome analysis corresponded with the characterization of human-mouse hybridoma. Large quantities of ascites were obtained after hybrid cells injection into the primed nude mice. Human IgG of light chain was detected and purified from the ascites. Twenty-six of 43 (60.5%) epithelial ovarian cancers were positively stained with HMD4 by ABC immunoperoxidase methods while nonepithelial ovarian cancers and almost all benign tumors and normal tissues were negative. The molecular weight of the antigen recognized by HMD4 was 55KDa determined by Western blotting. 131I labeled HMD4 was administered intraperitoneally to nude mice bearing human ovarian epithelial adenocarcinoma; 131I labeled normal human IgG and normal murine IgG were used as controls. Measurements of T/NT and T/B ratios of 131I-HMD4 were done. Radioimaging showed HMD4 clearly localized on tumor regions at 48 and 72 hours and the biodistribution and metabolism of the labeled HMD4 corresponded with the images. The above results indicate that HMD4 was specific to ovarian carcinoma, a hopeful clue for clinical applications.
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PMID:Generation and characterization of human monoclonal antibody HMD4 against ovarian carcinoma and the study of radioimmunoimaging in nude mice. 210 52

Lymphocytes from regional lymph nodes of patients with ovarian carcinoma were immortalized by fusing them with a nonsecreting cell line of murine myeloma (Sp2/0-Ag14). The fusion rate was 0-87.5%. By early cloning and recloning, a hybrid cell line, named HMD4, was established. It has stably secreted human IgG for more than 15 months. Chromosome analysis showed the characteristics of human-mouse hybridoma. The cells of HMD4 were injected into the abdominal cavities of nude mice and 2-3 weeks later large quantities of ascites were obtained. Human IgG of lambda light chain was detected and purified from the ascites. The specificity of HMD4 human McAb was tested by ABC or PAP immunoperoxidase stainings of paraffin-embedded tissue sections, cryostat sections, cell smears of various tissues and different cancer cell lines. 60.5% (26/43) of epithelial ovarian cancers was positive, while nonepithelial ovarian cancers, most cancers from other organs and almost all nonmalignant and normal tissues were negative. The molecular weight of the antigen recognized by HMD4 was 55 KDa determined by Western blotting. The problems of maintaining the IgG secreting function of human-mouse hybridoma and its screening were also discussed.
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PMID:A human monoclonal antibody HMD4 against ovarian carcinoma associated antigen. 211 60

Spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell LTEP-a2 were fused with murine myeloma cell SP 2/0, from which 4 hybridomas (2 A7, 2 E9, 4 F2 and 5 F11) were obtained. Indirect immunofluorescence test showed that these 4 monoclonal antibodies reacted with human lung cancer cells, but not with 2 BS or the lymphocytes and red blood cells in 4 different ABO groups of 10 persons. Using ABC immunoperoxidase stain technique, these 4 antibodies showed negative reaction with 9 tissue types from the normal subject and fetus but could react with 52-83% of the 29 human lung carcinomas and 64-92% of the 24 non-small cell lung cancers (non-SCLC). When 5 F11 was combined with 2 A7 or 2 E9, the percentage of positive stain was 100% in 24 non-SCLC. The results of indirect immunofluorescence stain showed that strong membrane stain by 5 F11 and membrane stain by 4 F2 were obtained, indicating that these antibodies could recognize antigens on cancer cell membrane. It is suggested that a mixture of 5 F11 and other antibodies be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Molecular weight of the antigens recognized by the 4 antibodies was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot technique to be 47 KD (2 A7), 67 KD (2E9), 40 KD (4F2) and 56 KD (5 F11).
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibody against human lung carcinoma]. 217 66

Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized against Echinococcus multilocularis were fused with mouse myeloma cells (P3X6.5.3.) in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 1000), and the hybridomas were obtained. Of the 85 hybridomas, 23 were found to produce antibodies. Of the 23 cell lines, 13 hybridomas which produced a high titer of antibodies were cultured for cloning the cells by the limiting dilution method. Then 5 monoclonal antibodies were obtained. The immunoglobulin class of the monoclonal antibodies were IgM in one, IgG in 4. IgG monoclonal antibodies were studied by the ABC immunostain method. The germinal layer, brood capsules and protoscolices were stained. Germinal layer was especially stained by 4 monoclonal antibodies. However sections of liver, kidney, spleen and other parasites; anisakis, ascariasis lumbricoides, entamoeba histolytica and schistosoma japonicum were not stained with those monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:[Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to Echinococcus multilocularis]. 268 34

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb), MLuC1, derived from the fusion of P3-X63-Ag 8-U1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from an HR mouse immunized with the carcinoma cell line SW626, was studied to define its reactivity profile on normal and neoplastic human tissues and its potential clinical applications in lung cancer. Evaluation of paraffin sections using the ABC immunoperoxidase method showed a "pan-epithelial" reactivity; a large majority of epithelial components of organs in the respiratory, digestive and urogenital systems (except liver, rectum and ovary) were immunostained. As regard to neoplastic tissues MLuC1 recognized 84% of lung carcinomas (82% of small cell, 100% of squamous cell, 74% of adenocarcinomas), 86% of breast and 62% of ovarian carcinomas. On the contrary, MLuC1 was non-reactive with the other normal and tumoral non-epithelial tissues. Due to its spectrum of reactivity this MoAb could be useful for different diagnostic purposes such as differential diagnosis and lung cancer cytology.
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PMID:Histopathological characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody, MLuC1, reacting with lung carcinomas. 284 84

Using the human liver cancer DNA transfected NIH/3T3 cell line, the human N-ras oncogene and the over expression of the oncoprotein P21ras was demonstrated, BALB/C mice were immunized. The spleen cells from the immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells. After the HAT medium selection and screening, two hybridoma cell lines, SCI-Oncogema 1 and 2, were established. In the immunoprecipitation test, the molecular weight of the protein reacting to Oncogema 1 was 21,000. This M.W 21,000 protein possessed the capability to bind with GTP, i.e. the character of P21ras. These data indicate that the Oncogema 1 is the monoclonal antibody against P21ras. Using Oncogema 1, specimens from 6 liver cancer patients were studied by immunopathology. With ABC stain, it was observed that the malignant cells in all the samples showed dark staining; the P21ras revealed over expression. Although the staining was heterogeneous, it implied that the ras oncogene was involved in the carcinogenesis of these six samples. No over expression was seen in the normal liver cells even in those around the cancerous lesion. However, dysplastic cells were moderately stained which means that the ras oncogene was activated and P21ras over expressed in these cells. The results suggest that the ras oncogene and P21ras play an important role in the early stage of liver cancer carcinogenesis.
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PMID:[Localization of oncoprotein P21ras in the human liver cancer]. 330 83

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb, SK-930) of the IgG2a subclass to human pancreatic carcinoma cells (MIA-PaCa 2) was obtained by hybridization of spleen cells from immunized Balb/c mice with murine myeloma cells. SK-930 was investigated for reacting in indirect immunofluorescence on FACS against a panel comprising 12 types of different origin. SK-930 reacted with seven out of 11 tumor cells and with one PBL. Immunoperoxidase techniques (ABC method) showed that SK-930 antigen was present on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, but could not be detected on normal pancreatic tissue. Immunoprecipitation experiments and SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that SK-930 recognized 134K dalton peptide on tumor cells. These results suggest that SK-930 reacts with a novel pancreatic cancer-associated antigen.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibody to human pancreatic carcinoma cells]. 382 May 99

A murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) was prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with a proteoglycan fraction derived from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom), followed by the hybridization of spleen cells with mouse myeloma cells. The MAb (subclass; Ig G2b), designated MPG2, reacted with schizophyllan (SPG), curdlan, scleroglucan, laminarin and lentinan, but not with dextran, pullulan, mannan and xylan. Immunohistochemistry (ABC-GO method) showed that MAb MPG2 reacted with lysosomal proteoglycan and (1-->6)-beta-branched laminaritriose taken up by rabbit peritoneal macrophages. These results suggest that this MAb may recognize mainly (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, and may be useful for determining the immunological properties of Grifola frondosa-derived proteoglycan.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody to proteoglycan derived from Grifola frondosa (Maitake). 806 65

A monoclonal antibody 2C9 (IgM chi-light chain) was established by fusing the myeloma cells (X63-Ag8-653) with the spleen cells immunized with sexually indifferent gonads from 6-day chick embryos. The 1- to 17-day chick embryos were examined by immunohistochemistry (ABC technique). As a result, the 2C9 antigen first appeared in the cytoplasm of some primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the germinal crescent at 1 day of incubation. The reactivity was also detected in the hypoblastic cells. This antigen may be produced at this stage. After the migrating stage, 2C9-reactive PGCs were increased in number. From this stage to the sexually differentiating stage (7 days of incubation), the 2C9 antibody was reactive all over the cytoplasm of PGCs in both sexes. In the female gonads, the reactivity disappeared at 8 days of incubation, but not in the male. The reactivity of male PGCs was gradually decreased and disappeared until 14 days of incubation. Since the stages of disappearance of this antigen in both sexes seem to depend on the differentiation of the oogonia and spermatogonia, this antigen may disappear in accordance with germ cell differentiation. Cross-reactions were observed in hepatocytes, gastrointestinal endoderm and some mesonephric tubules. By SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting methods, all the extracts from these tissues revealed two bands; 109 kilodalton (kDa) and 64 kDa, suggesting that the 2C9 antibody detects the same molecule in each kind of cells. The 2C9 antibody may be a useful cell-marker and/or probe for analysis of the germ cell differentiation in chick PGCs.
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PMID:Analysis for the stage specific antigen of the primordial germ cells in the chick embryo. 807 20


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