Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mixed agglutination (MA) test with sediments of guinea pig kidney (GPK) homogenates and indicator red blood cells of bovine (BRBC) or sheep (SRBC) origin was established for detection of human heterophile antibodies. By means of MA test with BRBC indicator cells, heterophile antibodies of Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D) specificity were demonstrated in sera of patients with syphilis (20%), lepromatous leprosy (57%), infectious mononucleosis (45%), Chediak-Higashi syndrome (73%), Kawasaki disease (58%), multiple sclerosis (58%), and leukemias (13%), as well as in sera of subjects who received injections of foreign species sera (20%). Some but not all BRBC-positive sera gave positive MA tests when SRBC were employed as indicator cells. None of 13 multiple myeloma sera tested gave positive results. The incidence of positive reactions in normal human sera was 3%. Neutralization of H-D antibodies in representative pathologic sera by purified heterophile antigens showed that the antibodies under investigation were mostly directed against antigen(s) of high molecular weight glycoprotein, but not N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (NGNA) ganglioside fraction of BRBC.
 ...
PMID:Mixed agglutination with guinea pig tissue sediments for detection of heterophile antibodies. 643 28

Fc fragments derived from a human IgG1 myeloma protein were found to be a potent adjuvant for in vitro human immune responses. The addition of Fc to cultures of human PBL along with SRBC resulted in a pronounced enhancement of the primary in vitro anti-SRBC response. In addition to potentiating the humoral immune response, Fc was also found to augment the tetanus toxoid-induced T cell proliferative response. Augmentation of the immune response is mediated by Fc and not the result of an artifact due to the addition of extraneous protein to culture because neither intact IgG1 nor Fab fragments derived from this myeloma protein possessed any adjuvant properties. The temporal relationship of the administration of antigen and Fc to culture is critical for the potentiation of the immune response. The maximal Fc adjuvant effect was observed when Fc was added with antigen at the beginning of culture.
 ...
PMID:Potentiation of specific human in vitro immune responses by the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin. 660 35

An immunization regimen has been developed which yields a high frequency of hybridomas producing IgA isotype, antigen-specific antibody when spleen cells from immunized mice are fused with non-immunoglobulin secreting murine myeloma cells. Germfree BALB/c mice were carrier-primed with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) by gastric intubation (GI) for 2 consecutive days followed 1 week later by GI with trinitrophenyl (TNP)-haptenated SRBC. After 7 days, spleen cells were fused with non-immunoglobulin secreting myeloma cells (X63-Ag8.653), and 2-3 weeks later, culture wells were scored for hybrid clones. Of 240 culture wells plated, 157 wells (65.4%) exhibited clones producing anti-TNP antibodies as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 50 specific cell lines were established, of which 27 clones (54%) produced IgA isotype anti-TNP antibodies, while the anti-TNP antibodies produced by the remaining 23 clones were approximately equally distributed between the IgM and IgG isotypes. The IgA and IgM monoclonal antibodies were more effective in hemagglutinating TNP-SRBC than were IgG isotype antibodies. This study describes a method for production of a high number of antigen-specific IgA hybridomas which will allow production of IgA monoclonal antibodies to important antigens on mucosally-associated pathogens, and thus allow elucidation of functions of IgA antibody at mucosal surfaces.
 ...
PMID:IgA hybridomas: a method for generation in high numbers. 675 24

Intact rabbit IgG antisheep erythrocyte antibodies, and the corresponding F(ab')2 fragments and partially reduced and alkylated IgG were studied for the capacity to induce cytotoxic plaque formation by normal human mononuclear leukocytes in surface monolayers of sheep erythrocytes. The F (ab')2 fragments did not induce plaque formation, whereas partially reduced and alkylated IgG antibodies had a good plaque-inducing capacity compared to untreated IgG anti-SRBC antibodies. The plaque formation was inhibited by human IgG, but not by IgM, IgA, IgD or IgE. Normal and myeloma IgG in aggregated form gave a stronger inhibition than the corresponding proteins. Strong inhibition was observed with IgG1, IgG3, and IgG4, and with IgG2 after aggregation. Both the Fc and pFc' corresponding to the C terminal domain gave a strong inhibition. Thus, the region of the IgG molecule involved in binding to the Fc receptor of the plaque-forming cells appears to be located within the CH3 domain. These observations, therefore, indicate that the plaque-forming cells are of monocytic origin.
 ...
PMID:Specificity of receptors for IgG on human cytotoxic plaque-forming mononuclear leukocytes. Induction and inhibition of plaque-forming activity. 698 62

Lymphocytes obtained from hilar and bronchial lymph nodes from 23 patients undergoing radical surgery for carcinoma of the bronchus were fused with established rat or mouse myeloma lines. 62% of the resultant hybrids were found to be secreting human Ig detected by a sensitive staphylococcal Protein A-coupled SRBC assay. Immunoglobulins synthesized by such hybrids were internally labelled with 3H-lysine and their antibody activity against a variety of membrane preparations determined. Nine monoclonal antibodies were found which bound to molecules on lung-cancer membranes and not on normal lung membranes from the same patient.
 ...
PMID:Human monoclonal antibodies to lung-cancer antigens. 724 54

Hybridomas were made between NSI/1-Ag-4-1 mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells Balb/c mice immunized with red cells from sheep (SRBC), goats (GRBC) and cattle (CRBC). The monoclonal antibodies thus produced were tested against a panel of RBC from 80 sheep, 20 goats and 100 cattle of known blood types. One antibody reacted with all RBC from all 3 species, two with all GRBC and SRBC but not CRBC, one was specific for SRBC and two others for CRBC. In addition two monoclonal antibodies were reactive in the B blood group system and two in the FV system of cattle. IgM and IgG concentration in ascite fluids reached up to 8 mg/ml. It is concluded that the hybridoma technique has considerable potential for the production of blood-typing reagents.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to blood group antigens on ruminant red cells. 728 59

The dye Congo red and related self-assembling compounds were found to stabilize immune complexes by binding to antibodies currently engaged in complexation to antigen. In our simulations, it was shown that the site that becomes accessible for binding the supramolecular dye ligand is located in the V domain, and is normally occupied by the N-terminal polypeptide chain fragment. The binding of the ligand disrupts the beta-structure in the domain, increasing the plasticity of the antigen-binding site. The higher fluctuation of CDR-bearing loops enhances antigen binding, and allows even low-affinity antibodies to be engaged in immune complexes. Experimental observations of the enhancement effect were supported by theoretical studies using L lambda chain (4BJL-PDB identification) and the L chain from the complex of IgM-rheumatoid factor bound to the CH3 domain of the Fc fragment (1ADQ-PDB identification) as the initial structures for theoretical studies of dye-induced changes. Commercial IgM-type rheumatoid factor (human) and sheep red blood cells with coupled IgG (human) were used for experimental tests aimed to reveal the dye-enhancement effect in this system. The specificity of antigen-antibody interaction enhanced by dye binding was studied using rabbit anti-sheep red cell antibodies to agglutinate red cells of different species. Red blood cells of hoofed mammals (horse, goat) showed weak enhancement of agglutination in the presence of Congo red. Neither agglutination nor enhancement were observed in the case of human red cells. The dye-enhancement capability in the SRBC-antiSRBC system was lost after pepsin-digestion of antibodies producing (Fab)2 fragments still agglutinating red cells. Monoclonal (myeloma) IgG, L lambda chain and ovoalbumin failed to agglutinate red cells, as expected, and showed no enhancement effect. This indicates that the enhancement effect is specific.
 ...
PMID:The increased flexibility of CDR loops generated in antibodies by Congo red complexation favors antigen binding. 1636 76


<< Previous 1 2 3