Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

High grade B-cell lymphoma and leukemia have been well described in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Malignant transformation of more differentiated lymphoid cells has not been well described in these patients. We report a 26-year-old man with AIDS-associated multiple myeloma, who had a highly unusual presentation and clinical course. A review of the literature indicates that monoclonal gammopathy in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is common. Multiple myeloma and extramedullary plasmacytomas, diseases that are extraordinarily rare in young persons, are now being reported in patients with AIDS and should be added to the list of neoplastic diseases now associated with HIV infection.
 ...
PMID:Nonsecretory multiple myeloma in a 26-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, presenting with multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas and osteolytic bone disease. 236 18

We investigated 361 patients with monoclonal gammopathy in whom immunoelectrophoresis was performed (1,037 tests) between 1986 and 2002 at Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital. In this study, we identified 222 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Malignant transformation of MGUS to multiple myeloma occurred in 15 patients (6.8%). No significant differences were observed in the means of total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), albumin/globulin ratio (A/G ratio), IgG, IgA, or IgM level in the initial examination between the patients who remained as MGUS and patients with malignant transformation of MGUS. However, the rate of progression to malignancy was high when the levels of normal immunoglobulins other than M protein were below the normal range. Since the number of MGUS cases detected and the number of protein fractionation performed were proportionate, and MGUS was found by protein fractionation in routine tests, protein fractionation is essential for detection of MGUS, and it is necessary to add serum protein fractionation to routine initial examination. In addition, long-term follow-up of patients with monoclonal gammopathy and preparation of a database of patient information are useful for monitoring the outcome.
 ...
PMID:[Study of monoclonal gammopathy in Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital]. 1534 56

Malignant transformation is a multistep process that may involve dysregulation of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is believed to be a precursor of multiple myeloma. To investigate whether aberrant promoter methylation might be involved in the evolution of MGUS to multiple myeloma, we examined the p16, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6 (SHP1), death-associated protein (DAP) kinase, E-cadherin and oestrogen receptor genes, most being tumour suppressor genes, by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. In 32 cases of multiple myeloma and 19 cases of MGUS, significantly more frequent methylation of p16 (p = 0.001), SHP1 (p< or =0.001) and E-cadherin (p< or =0.001) genes was found in multiple myeloma than in MGUS. Methylation of DAP kinase and oestrogen receptor genes was comparable in multiple myeloma and MGUS. In conclusion, methylation of p16, SHP1 and E-cadherin genes might be involved in the progression of MGUS to multiple myeloma.
 ...
PMID:Aberrant gene methylation implicated in the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. 1721 58