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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (
multiple myeloma
)
36,148
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Three patients presented with encephalopathies: an undiagnosed
degenerative disease
of the brain, a degenerative cerebral disease in a patient with a
myeloma
but without a myelomatous deposit in the CNS and a malignant astrocytoma. Perivascular pallidal deposits (vascular siderosis) containing chromium, phosphorus and calcium plus sometimes traces of other elements were present in the three cases. Such deposits were present in the pallidal parenchyma and around vessels in the cerebellum in one case. Calcium and phosphorus are always present in any CNS calcification but the presence of chromium has not been reported. Chromium and its compounds (ingested, injected or inhaled) are toxic to humans and animals in trace doses. Approximately 900 cases of chromium intoxication have been reported and usually have had dermatological or pulmonary lesions (including cancer) but there is no report of involvement of the CNS. Sublethal doses of chromium nitrate injected intraperitoneally in rats and rabbits results in the presence of chromium in the brain. A thorough investigation was made to find the source of the chromium in these patients. Chromium was found to be present in trace amounts in the radiological contrast agents administered to these patients and in the KCl replacement solution and in mylanta, an antacid, given to one case. The evidence that chromium induced pathological changes in these three brains is circumstantial but shows that chromium can penetrate the human brain. This study indicates that vascular siderosis found in the brains of the majority of middle-aged and elderly humans is not simply an anecdotal pathological curiosity, but that it can serve as a route of entry for toxic products into the brain.
...
PMID:Abnormal deposits of chromium in the pathological human brain. 395 42
In a study of renal function in
multiple myeloma
seven patients presented with renal failure and three developed it 16-106 months after diagnosis. All were dialysed. Infection with dehydration was a precipitating factor in all seven cases of acute or acute on chronic renal failure. Of these, two patients recovered normal renal function and one other was left with permanent renal impairment but no longer required dialysis. Results from the seven patients with acute renal failure and for the three with more chronic features support the practice of dialysis for all patients who present with renal failure. Dialysis is not indicated for those patients with progressive myelomatous disease. The study showed no evidence that chemotherapy permitted recovery from established renal failure. The prognosis in this elderly group is heavily dependent on the presence of cardiovascular or other
degenerative disease
.
...
PMID:Should patients with renal failure associated with myeloma be dialysed? 641 9
The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is a difference in the appearance of the marrow signal intensity on T1 FLAIR and T1 FSE images, and if so, whether the difference is related to age. T1 FLAIR and T1 FSE sequences, obtained prospectively in 93 patients, were compared after excluding patients older than 75 years, and patients with a history of prior lumbar surgery, or a predisposing medical condition, e.g. HIV disease,
multiple myeloma
, osteoporosis, metastatic disease, renal failure or severe
degenerative disease
. All studies were performed on a 1.5 T GE Signa/Excite. All case pairs were reviewed by three board certified radiologists, each with more than five years experience in MR imaging. Regardless of age, where a difference was perceived, the T1 FLAIR image was judged darker in 88% of patients. In order to avoid misdiagnoses and/or additional unnecessary exams, it is important to recognize that marrow signal intensity may appear artificially low in normal individuals.
...
PMID:Evaluating Marrow Signal Intensity: Comparison of T1 FLAIR and T1 FSE Images. 2405 17
Intravenous (i.v.) bisphosphonates relieve pain in conditions such as Paget's disease of bone, metastatic bone disease, and
multiple myeloma
. Based on positive findings from a prior case series, we conducted a randomized placebo-controlled study to assess the analgesic effect of i.v. pamidronate in subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and evidence of
degenerative disease
of the spine. Four groups of 11 subjects (7 active, 4 placebo) were enrolled at escalating dose levels of 30, 60, 90, and 180 mg pamidronate (the latter administered as two 90 mg infusions). Primary outcomes were safety and change from baseline in average daily pain scores, recorded at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months postinfusion using electronic diaries. Secondary outcomes included responder rate, daily worst pain, and pain-related interference with daily function. There were no pamidronate-related serious adverse events or other significant safety findings. A statistically significant overall treatment difference in pain scores was observed, with clinically meaningful effects persisting for 6 months in the 180 mg pamidronate group. Least squares mean changes in daily average pain score were -1.39 (SE=0.43) for placebo, and -1.53 (0.71), -1.26 (0.81), -1.42 (0.65), and -4.13 (0.65) for pamidronate 30, 60, 90, and 180 mg, respectively (P=0.012 for pamidronate 180 mg vs placebo). The proportion of responders, changes in worst pain, and pain interference with daily function were also significantly improved for pamidronate 180 mg compared with placebo. In conclusion, i.v. pamidronate, administered as two 90 mg infusions, decreased pain intensity for 6 months in subjects with CLBP.
...
PMID:A pilot trial of intravenous pamidronate for chronic low back pain. 2406 Jul 7
A renewed interest has been recently developed for the highly sensitive bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical
18
F-NaF. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential utility of quantitative analysis of
18
F-NaF dynamic PET/CT data in differentiating malignant from benign degenerative lesions in
multiple myeloma
(MM). 80 MM patients underwent whole-body PET/CT and dynamic PET/CT scanning of the pelvis with
18
F-NaF. PET/CT data evaluation was based on visual (qualitative) assessment, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations, and absolute quantitative estimations after application of a 2-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach leading to the extraction of fractal dimension (FD). In total 263 MM lesions were demonstrated on
18
F-NaF PET/CT. Semi-quantitative and quantitative evaluations were performed for 25 MM lesions as well as for 25 benign, degenerative and traumatic lesions. Mean SUV
average
for MM lesions was 11.9 and mean SUV
max
was 23.2. Respectively, SUV
average
and SUV
max
for degenerative lesions were 13.5 and 20.2. Kinetic analysis of
18
F-NaF revealed the following mean values for MM lesions: K
1
= 0.248 (1/min), k
3
= 0.359 (1/min), influx (K
i
) = 0.107 (1/min), FD = 1.382, while the respective values for degenerative lesions were: K
1
= 0.169 (1/min), k
3
= 0.422 (1/min), influx (K
i
) = 0.095 (1/min), FD = 1. 411. No statistically significant differences between MM and benign
degenerative disease
regarding SUV
average
, SUV
max
, K
1
, k
3
and influx (K
i
) were demonstrated. FD was significantly higher in degenerative than in malignant lesions. The present findings show that quantitative analysis of
18
F-NaF PET data cannot differentiate malignant from benign degenerative lesions in MM patients, supporting previously published results, which reflect the limited role of
18
F-NaF PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of MM.
...
PMID:Quantitative analysis of
18
F-NaF dynamic PET/CT cannot differentiate malignant from benign lesions in multiple myeloma. 2891 53
