Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This communication reports the first successful attempt to produce a hybridoma cell line secreting bovine immunoglobulin to a small hapten, starting with peripheral blood lymphocytes, rather than spleen or lymph node cells. A heteromyeloma line, sensitive to selective media, was made by fusing NS1/1-Ag4-1 mouse myeloma cells with bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes. This cell line was then fused with blood lymphocytes from a steer immunised with a testosterone immunogen. Cell cultures were screened using an ELISA specific for bovine antibodies to testosterone. Following repeated cloning, a cell line was established which secretes moderate levels of a specific, high affinity antibody to testosterone. This particular cell line has significant potential for veterinary application and the successful fusion demonstrates the possibilities of heteromyelomas for the development of non-murine monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:Preparation of a bovine monoclonal antibody to testosterone by interspecies fusion. 368 39

We have used a monoclonal antibody ESA 152 in fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FPR) studies of a maturation-dependent surface antigen of ram sperm. The antibody is an immunoglobulin G secreted by a hybridoma derived from NS1 mouse myeloma cells. The ESA 152 antigen is not detectable in testicular sperm. It is localized on the surface of ejaculated sperm where it is present on all regions of the surface, but tends to be concentrated on the posterior region of the head. The ESA 152 antigen can be extracted by detergents or chloroform-methanol. The extracted antigen is sensitive to proteases and migrates with an apparent Mr approximately 30,000 in SDS-containing 10-20% polyacrylamide gradient gels. FPR measurements of ESA 152 lateral mobility in the membrane yield diffusion coefficients in the range 10(-9)-10(-8) cm2/s, values typical of lipids but observed for proteins only at the fluid dynamic limit where diffusion is controlled by lipid fluidity. Immobile fractions, typical of membrane proteins, are observed on all regions. When the antigen is stained by a fluoresceinated Fab fragment of the ESA 152 antibody, the diffusibility is highly regionalized, with particularly low, but rapid, recovery on the midpiece. Cross-linking of the antigen with the intact ESA 152 antibody induces a redistribution in which the antigen is excluded from the posterior head region. This cross-linking is accompanied by increases in ESA 152 diffusibility on both the anterior head and the midpiece.
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PMID:Lateral regionalization and diffusion of a maturation-dependent antigen in the ram sperm plasma membrane. 370 Apr 76

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against the G isozyme subunit of PEP carboxylase (PEPC) from Sorghum leaves by the hybridoma technique. More than 400 antibodies-producing hybridomas to PEPC were produced from the fusion of spleen cells from immunized mice with NS1 myeloma cells. By using an ELISA, three hybridomas (91-G, 83-G, 49-EG) were selected. Monoclonal antibodies were subsequently characterized in a Western experiment; Mabs 83-G and 91-G were found to be highly specific to the G isozyme whereas Mab 49-EG recognized both forms (E and G isozymes) of the enzyme. Addition of Mabs to the enzyme preparation did not modify its catalytic activity nor its activation by glycine. Use of these probes provided direct and definite evidence of the specific enhancing effect of light on the G form and on its corresponding mRNA.
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PMID:Photoregulation process of sorghum leaf phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: study with monoclonal antibodies. 382 16

Mouse myeloma NS1-Ag4 cells were fused with spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse previously immunized with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) conjugated to serum bovine albumin (BSA). Fused cells were grown in HAT restrictive medium which was screened for LHRH binding ability via a primary binding assay employing [125I]LHRH and cold ethanol precipitation. One clone (hy-USASK/DSIL-LHRH-A1) was selected for further study. Cell culture fluid and ascites fluid bound 30% of [125I]LHRH at 1:4000 and 1:400,000 dilution respectively. A competitive inhibition assay using ascites fluid at 1:2,000,000 dilution and LHRH standards at 0.125-32.0 ng/ml was established. Initial studies using rabbit anti-mouse allotype sera in a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-ELISA system indicate the antibody is IgG1. A dose of 0.5 ml ascites fluid containing LHRH antibody given intravenously (i.v.) on day 9 of gestation was effective in terminating pregnancy in rats. A 1 cm progesterone implant made of elastomer polymer and placed interperitoneally blocked this effect. Ascites fluid (4.5 ml) containing LHRH antibody, when infused i.v. into mature spayed female dogs induced a precipitous decline in mean luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and reduced LH pulsatility over 4 days. It was concluded that the mouse monoclonal antibody is specific for LHRH, and can interrupt reproductive events in vivo.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies against LHRH: development and immunoactivity in vivo and in vitro. 388 2

Monoclonal antibody AB/3 was produced from a fusion of spleen cells of a human breast cancer cell-primed BALB/c mouse with the murine myeloma cell line P3-NS1-Ag4-1. The antibody reacted strongly with the plasma membrane of human breast cancer cells. Tissue sections of both malignant and benign human mammary carcinomas and tumors of non-breast origin as well as apparently normal tissues were tested with immunoperoxidase. Ninety-six of 124 (77%) primary human breast cancers, 12 of 14 (86%) metastatic breast lesions, and 12 of 44 (27%) benign breast lesions reacted positively. Little or no appreciable reactivity was observed with apparently normal human tissues and carcinomas of non-breast origin, with the exception of colon carcinoma. Antibody AB/3 did not immunoprecipitate any identifiable protein from radiolabeled extracts of the immunizing cell line.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody (AB/3) reactive with human breast cancer. 389 78

A monoclonal antibody (BA11) has been produced against Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin by the fusion of myeloma cells (P3 NS1/1-Ag4-1) with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with botulinum type A neurotoxoid. The antibody bound specifically to botulinum type A neurotoxin, showing no cross-reactivity with types B and E botulinum toxins or with any of several other bacterial toxins tested. The monoclonal antibody did not bind to botulinum type A neurotoxin which had been denatured with sodium dodecyl sulfate and bound only weakly to each of the separated heavy and light subunits of the neurotoxin, suggesting a conformational requirement for the antigenic determinant of the antibody. A sensitive immunoassay for C. botulinum type A toxin with monoclonal antibody BA11 in conjunction with an enzyme amplication system has been developed which allows detection of 5 to 10 mouse 50% lethal doses ml-1 of purified neurotoxin. The assay was equally sensitive when applied to the detection of crude toxin in food stuffs; the average value for the minimum level of detectable toxin in extracts of tinned salmon or corned beef was 9 +/- 3.1 mouse 50% lethal doses ml-1.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for type A Clostridium botulinum toxin is comparable to the mouse bioassay. 392 40

Three immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies, LuCa2, LuCa3, and LuCa4, were produced by fusing murine myeloma NS1 cells with splenocytes obtained from a BALB/c mouse immunized with SK-MES1 cells derived from human squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. These three monoclonal antibodies were shown to recognize different protein antigens on SK-MES1 cells by indirect immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. While the pattern of cell line distribution of antigens recognized by these antibodies was not tumor type specific, their reactivity with tissue and pleural effusion was much more informative than with cell lines. The presence of target antigens in vivo was analyzed by immunoperoxidase staining of frozen tissue sections and immunofluorescence staining of tumor cells in pleural effusions. LuCa2 antibody was reactive with lung squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma tumor tissues and pleural effusions, but only infrequently with those of small cell carcinoma. This antibody was also reactive with many tumor tissues from other organs as well as with various normal tissues, including alveoli and bronchus. LuCa3 and LuCa4 antibodies reacted with lung squamous carcinoma in tissues and pleural effusions, but not with lung adenocarcinoma nor with small cell carcinoma. These two antibodies reacted only weakly with normal squamous tissues of the esophagus, skin, and cervix uteri, but not with various other normal tissues. Moreover, LuCa3 had weak reactivity with squamous cell carcinoma tissue of tongue and esophagus, whereas LuCa4 had no reactivity with nonpulmonary tumor tissues. LuCa3 and LuCa4 antibodies should be of clinical interest, because our data suggest that these antibodies may be potentially useful for the diagnosis of the histological type of lung tumor cells in both cancer tissue and pleural effusions.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to human squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and their application to tumor diagnosis. 400 55

Female Balb/c mice were immunized with human thyroid stimulating hormone (hTSH). The spleen cells of responding mice were used in a cell fusion with NS1 mouse myeloma cells to define 27 stable anti-hTSH hybridomas. The antibody-secreting cell lines, designated SY/T8/1-6, were characterized and three were found to be completely specific for h-TSH while the other three showed some cross reactivity with LH and hCG. Six of the monoclonal antibodies have been well characterized and their parent hybridomas isolated and banked at -196 degrees C for future studies. The hybridomas have been raised from liquid nitrogen and recultured in RPMI 1640 medium. Progress is being made in the investigation of the growth characteristics of these hybridoma cell lines.
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PMID:Production and growth of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to human thyroid stimulating hormone. 404 40

The effect of econazole, an antifungal agent, on the stability of NS1/Ag4 myeloma cells in culture was investigated with the view to its use in the control of fungal contamination in lymphocyte hybridoma monoclonal antibody production. The recommended dose of 1 microgram/ml was found to reduce cell numbers, viability and survival, and to effect dramatic dose related changes in DNA synthesis in the NS1 myeloma line and hence econazole is not suitable as an added antifungal agent in monoclonal antibody production using NS1 cells and their derived hybridomas.
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PMID:The effects of econazole on the growth of murine myeloma cells and its use in hybridoma production. 404 41

Murine monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) were isolated to characterize antigenically distinct subpopulations of human sperm. Spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized with freshly prepared human sperm, were fused with murine P3-NS1-Ag4-1 myeloma cells by somatic cell hybridization, and supernatants from the IgG-secreting hybridomas were screened by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for reactivity against fresh human sperm and a panel of human somatic cells. Two MoAbs, SP1D1 and SP7A7, reacted specifically with human sperm, whereas three others, SP2A9, SP3B3, and SP4F5, cross-reacted with a variety of human somatic cells. The binding of MoAbs were characterized by immunofluorescence, agglutination, and Staphylococcus aureus binding assays. We found that certain MoAbs bound to common antigens of the head and tail, or to tail alone, and had agglutinating activity. However, not all sperm were reactive to antibody, and the binding activity could only be demonstrated in subpopulations of sperm ranging from 5 to 50% of the total number.
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PMID:Murine monoclonal antibodies that identify antigenically distinct subpopulations of human sperm. 608 40


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