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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of physical restraint and poly I:C treatment on the growth of MOPC 104E myeloma and murine osteosarcoma and survival of animals bearing such tumors were investigated. Our studies show that in the Balb/c mice with MOPC 104E myeloma the effects of restraint stress were detrimental and lead to early death of the mice. When the restraint was combined with poly I:C, during the early course of the disease, restraint stress neutralized the beneficial effects of the poly I:C treatment. These studies show that under certain circumstances, restraint stress can negate the effects of therapy. On the other hand, restraint stress produced an opposite effect in C3H/He mice with murine osteosarcoma tumor treated in the same fashion. In mice with osteosarcoma, restraint stress delayed tumor growth and increased the median survival time. When restraint stress was combined with poly I:C treatment, the mean tumor size was smaller and median survival was substantially increased over the control group. Because poly I:C therapy delayed tumor growth and increased survival in both models, efforts to strengthen this response were tested by conditioning. Our studies show the response to poly I:C as measured by elevation of the NK activity could be conditioned with camphor smell. Conditioning of the host to raise immune activity to alter the outcome of disease is a new area yet to be explored and has important clinical significance. These studies, we believe, are important because they explore the connection between mind and body and resistance to disease.
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PMID:Neural and environmental influences on neoplasia and conditioning of NK activity. 385 49

Placement of Broviac catheters for venous access resulted in metastatic tumor implantation along the catheter tracts in an adult with multiple myeloma and in a child with Burkitt's lymphoma. Both complications occurred in the setting of advanced malignancy. The tissue injury produced during the creation of the catheter tunnel may create an environment favorable for metastatic tumor growth. Swelling along catheter tunnel tracts will most frequently result from hematoma or infection, but the rare occurrence of tumor implantation should be considered. Biopsy is diagnostic.
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PMID:Tumor metastasis from multiple myeloma and Burkitt's lymphoma in Broviac catheter tracts. 399 79

Human X human hybridomas constructed with the B6 lymphoblastoid clone, which produces antitetanus toxoid (TT) antibody, and the lymphoblastoid cell line KR-4 or human hybrid myeloma KR-12, were adapted to growth as ascites in pristane-treated BALB/c nude mice by a single prior passage as a solid subcutaneous (s.c.) tumor in irradiated nude mice followed by in vitro culture. Both B6 X KR-4 and B6 X KR-12 hybrids produced anti-TT antibody and phenotypically resembled the lymphoblastoid KR-4, or the hybrid myeloma KR-12 parent, respectively. Growth as ascites increased the tumorigenicity of both hybrids in nude mice as measured by tumor incidence and rate of tumor growth. The observed increase in tumorigenicity of these hybrid cells after ascites growth was associated with a substantial loss of chromosomes. Passage of the B6 X KR-4 lymphoblastoid hybrid resulted in several reversible morphological changes characteristic of myeloma cells. These changes correlated with increased human Ig production. These observations provide a system for greatly amplifying human monoclonal antibody production.
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PMID:Specific immunoglobulin production and enhanced tumorigenicity following ascites growth of human hybridomas. 402 Jan 47

Of 305 consecutive patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma treated between 1965 and 1974, a total of 4% survived ten years. Virtually all were less than 65 years old, presented with low or intermediate stage disease, and responded well to chemotherapy. Prolonged unmaintained remissions, slow tumor growth, and recontrol of relapsing disease were common. Acute leukemia caused the death of two of six long-term survivors. Patients treated since 1974 lived longer than those seen previously, a finding attributed to better control of complications and more effective combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:Ten-year survival in multiple myeloma. 406 60

Studies of immunoglobulin synthesis, total body tumor cell number, and tumor kinetics were carried out in a series of patients with IgG multiple myeloma. The changes in tumor size associated with tumor growth or with regression were underestimated when the concentration of serum M-component was used as the sole index of tumor mass. Calculation of the total body M-component synthetic rate (corrected for concentration-dependent changes in IgG metabolism) and tumor cell number gave a more accurate and predictable estimate of changes in tumor size. Tumor growth and drug-induced tumor regression were found to follow Gompertzian kinetics, with progressive retardation of the rate of change of tumor size in both of these circumstances. This retardation effect, describable with a constant alpha, may be caused by a shift in the proportion of tumor cells in the proliferative cycle. Drug sensitivity of the tumor could be described quantitatively with a calculation of B(O), the tumor's initial sensitivity to a given drug regimen. Of particular clinical significance, the magnitude of a given patient's tumor regression could be predicted from the ratio of B(O) to alpha. Mathematical proof was obtained that the retardation constant determined during tumor regression also applied to the earlier period of tumor growth, and this constant was used to reconstruct the preclinical history of disease. In the average patient, fewer than 5 yr elapse from the initial tumor cell doubling to its clinical presentation with from 10(11) to more than 10(12) myeloma cells in the body. The reduction in total body tumor mass in most patients responding to therapy ranges from less than one to almost two orders of magnitude. Application of predictive kinetic analysis to the design of sequential drug regimens may lead to further improvement in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other tumors with similar growth characteristics.
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PMID:Kinetics of tumor growth and regression in IgG multiple myeloma. 504 Aug 67

An organ-specific alkaline phosphatase inhibitor, L-homoarginine, at 44.5 mM concentration inhibited [3H]thymidine uptake by C3H/He mouse osteosarcoma (OS) cells, while L-arginine, L-phenylalanine, and glycine had little effect on the uptake. This inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine persisted even after the cells were washed free of the amino acid with fresh media. L-Homoarginine did not affect [3H]thymidine uptake by mouse myeloma MOPC 104E cells. In long-term culture, 22.3 mM L-homoarginine inhibited proliferation of OS cells. L-Arginine at the same concentration inhibited the proliferation to a lesser extent. On the other hand, L-phenylalanine and glycine did not affect in vitro proliferation of OS cells. When the same number of viable OS cells was inoculated s.c. after culturing the 24 hr with 44.5 mM L-homoarginine or L-arginine, the tumor growth in mice given injections of L-homoarginine (but not L-arginine)-treated cells was delayed markedly. Electron microscopic studies indicated that the inhibiting effect on OS cell proliferation was associated with a marked increase in lysosomal granules and a decrease in virus-like structures. Similarly, biochemical assay for acid phosphatase of cell homogenates demonstrated a 2-fold increase of activity in L-homoarginine-treated cells when compared to controls and L-arginine-treated cells. Thus, L-homoarginine inhibits proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of mouse OS cells and appears to increase acid phosphatase activity in synthesis of lysosomal granules.
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PMID:Inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine on murine osteosarcoma cell proliferation. 617 11

An organ-specific alkaline phosphatase (AIP) inhibitor, L-homoarginine at 44.5 mM concentration inhibited 3H-thymidine uptake by mouse C3H/He osteosarcoma (OS) cells, while L-arginine, L-phenylalanine and L-glycine had little effect on the uptake. This inhibitory effect by L-homoarginine persisted even after the cells were washed free of the amino acid with fresh media. L-homoarginine did not affect 3H-thymidine uptake by mouse myeloma MOPC 104E cells. In the long-term culture, 22.3 mM L-homoarginine inhibited proliferation of OS cells. L-Arginine at the same concentration inhibited the proliferation to a lesser extent. On the other hand, L-phenylalanine and L-glycine did not affect in vitro proliferation of OS cells. When similar numbers of viable OS cells were inoculated s. c. after culturing with 44.5 mM L-homoarginine or L-arginine for 24 hr, the tumor growth in mice injected with L-homoarginine (but not L-arginine) treated cells was delayed markedly. Electron microscopic studies indicated that the inhibitory effect on OS cell proliferation was associated with a marked increase in lysosomal granules and a decrease in virus-like structures. Similarly, a biochemical assay of acid phosphatase (AcP) of the cell homogenates demonstrated two-fold increase of the activity in L-homoarginine treated cells when compared to the controls and L-arginine treated cells. Thus, L-homoarginine inhibits proliferation and AIP activity of mouse OS cells and appears to promote cell differentiation as evidenced by the increased synthesis of cytoplasmic granules and acid phosphatase activity.
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PMID:[Inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine on murine osteosarcoma cell proliferation]. 619 5

The effect of several well-characterized monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies on the in vivo growth of idiotype-bearing murine plasmacytoma cells was examined. They were chosen from a group of immunoglobulin G1 antibodies which react with the binding site determinants of M460, the immunoglobulin A dinitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein secreted by and present on the surface of MOPC-460, and included representatives of two families which recognize different determinants in the M460 variable region. The antibodies were administered daily, beginning 2 hr before i.v. tumor cell inoculation, and the effect on the appearance of tumor colony formation in the spleen was judged after 14 days. All four antibodies tested were inhibitory. At the highest doses used, the number of splenic tumor foci was reduced by up to 97%. The effect was highly specific since the growth of MOPC-315, which also produces an immunoglobulin A dinitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein, was unaffected by the antibodies, and a similarly prepared immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody against an unrelated idiotype did not affect the growth of MOPC-460. The inhibition of tumor growth appears to be independent of complement and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mechanisms. A small fraction of clones escaping the antitumor effect of anti-idiotypic antibodies has stopped expressing the idiotype.
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PMID:Inhibition of in vivo growth of murine plasmacytoma MOPC-460 by monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies directed at distinct idiotypes of the immunoglobulin on the surface of MOPC-460. 648 64

Interferons (IFNs) are a family of polypeptides originally identified as antiviral substances. Subsequently, other properties of interferons were recognized, including inhibition of cell proliferation, and effects on the immune response and on expression of surface antigens. In this paper we present evidence that interferons, even the highly purified cloned IFNs, can stimulate clonogenic tumor growth in vitro. Of 225 human tumor (HT) samples tested with IFN in a clonogenic assay (HTCA), 30 (13.3%) showed growth stimulation (greater than 2 S.E. above control). The phenomenon was observed most frequently with acute myeloid leukemia (6/22 samples, 27.3%), and renal (2/10, 20%) and breast cancer (4/21, 19%), but significantly less frequent in melanomas (2/34, 5.9%). As an independent assessment of proliferation, tritiated thymidine uptake by tumor cells was measured autoradiographically in 21 patients with multiple myeloma. A significant increase of the thymidine labeling index was seen in 4 (19%) of the samples. Since this growth stimulatory effect was also observed with cell lines which lack any contaminating immunoreactive cells, there is strong evidence that interferons can directly stimulate the proliferation of clonogenic tumor cells in vitro. Growth stimulation by interferons occurred preferentially with lower dosages. It is important to be cognizant of potential clinical implications of tumor growth stimulation by interferons.
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PMID:Tumor growth stimulation in vitro by interferons. 658 Jan 72

In the field of oncology, the most important aim to date has been the finding of new means to improve the diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic diseases. Chronobiologically we have studied the behavior of phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI) in 11 multiple myeloma patients before treatment and in another group of 11 patients undergoing polychemotherapy treatment. From all patients, under the same standard conditions, 6 venous samples were taken at 4-hour intervals starting at 08.00 h, for a day. PHI serum levels were determined spectrophotometrically. The data obtained were analyzed by 'group mean cosinor' and from this analysis a mesor reduction of more than 50% was noted in subjects after polychemotherapy (M2) correlated with the absence of a circadian rhythm. The data suggest that PHI levels can be related to the characteristics of tumor growth and we feel they can be used as a guide in monitoring multiple myeloma patients.
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PMID:Chronobiological aspects of phosphohexoseisomerase in monitoring multiple myeloma. 662 95


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