Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is exceptional to obtain a cure in multiple myeloma. We report a case of a 54-year old man with stage III, IgA K multiple myeloma in complete remission 12 years after the diagnosis. The patient was treated for 4 years with Melphalan-Prednisone. Eight years after the end of treatment the patient fulfilled the criteria of cure as defined by the "Chronic Leukemia Task Group" (no measurable myeloma protein and normal bone marrow) associated with the disappearance of some osteolytic lesions.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma: a case of a cure? 264 19

A 40-year-old man who developed acute myelomonoblastic leukemia (M4) after 7 years of treatment for multiple myeloma with the alkylating agent melphalan and steroids is presented. Leukemia was treated with courses of adriblastin, cytosine arabinoside, and thioguanin (DAT protocol), with a 8 months' survival.
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PMID:Acute myelomonoblastic leukemia in a patient with multiple myeloma. 271 63

Human long-term bone marrow cultures (HLTBMCs) were established with bone marrow (BM) collected from five patients with myelomatous disorders (four with multiple myeloma, one with plasma cell leukemia). In all cases, up to at least 6 weeks of culture, there was a persistence of the monoclonal plasma cell population in the adherent layer of the culture. In some cultures proliferating plasma cells could be demonstrated by the Ki-67 monoclonal antibody. In all instances a paraprotein could be shown in the conditioned medium. This study demonstrates that malignant plasma cells, in analogy to their normal counterparts, have an affinity for the BM stroma and suggests that their long-term survival might be enhanced by their interaction with it.
Leukemia 1989 Feb
PMID:Human long-term bone marrow cultures (HLTBMCs) in myelomatous disorders. 291 Dec 7

The thymic lymphoma NS8, obtained by infection of murine antigen-primed lymphocytes with the Radiation Leukemia Virus (RadLV) exhibits a cytotoxic function specific for the sarcoma target T2. We have immunized LOU rats with cells from this cytotoxic T lymphoma and fused their splenocytes with cells from the LOU rat myeloma IR983F to obtain hybridomas. Monoclonal antibodies produced by the 1G hybridoma recognize structures on the surface of NS8 cells. Moreover they are able to inhibit the expression of the specific cytotoxicity mediated by NS8 cells. In contrast, the cytolytic activity of a MLC is not affected by these monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies inhibiting the function of a murine cytotoxic T lymphoma]. 294 70

The National Cancer Institute (NCI)-sponsored Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Working Group was convened to develop a set of standardized eligibility, response, and toxicity criteria for clinical trials. We recognized the previous efforts in 1967 (published again in 1973 as the report of the Chronic Leukemia-Myeloma Task Force [1] and 1978 of Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) [2]). We have used these reports for guidance during the current effort. Several noteworthy developments in the past few years have made it necessary to modify the previous guidelines. First, the diagnostic criteria for CLL and its clinical staging have been developed and well defined. Second, although staging systems facilitated entry of comparable and relatively homogeneous groups of patients in clinical trials, the definitions of response (CR) and partial response (PR) were not uniformly adopted from the previous guidelines in the clinical trials (Tables IA, IB); therefore, comparisons of results obtained in different studies became difficult. Third, there has been an improvement in our understanding of the immunology and biology of CLL. Finally, we are witnessing the emergence of several chemotherapy agents that promise impressive activity in CLL (e.g., 2'-deoxycoformycin [3], fludarabine monophosphate [4, 5]), and thereby offer the potential for improving survival time in this disease. To best identify regimens worthy of continued pursuit in large comparative trials, standardized guidelines for evaluation are essential. A number of laboratory investigations are also presented for which scientific interest is high yet relevance remains to be determined; thus, they are presented as companion studies to the clinical trials. This mechanism allows for flexibility in the testing of these questions and for additional ideas in the future without requiring modification of an entire treatment protocol. The following guidelines were developed to be used as a form of standardization for clinical trials, incorporating current technologies, yet remaining relevant to the general hematology/oncology community. Based on the membership of the Working Group, it is expected that these guidelines will serve as the criteria for most clinical trials in the near future.
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PMID:Guidelines for clinical protocols for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: recommendations of the National Cancer Institute-sponsored working group. 318 11

In the PHA-leukocyte feeder colony assay--a fluid assay on top of an agar underlayer--colonies might not be the product of clonogenic cells but rather from aggregates, as was already shown for hairy cell leukemia (Leukemia Res. 11, 911 (1987)). To study the role of aggregation in this colony assay in other B-cell malignancies, we irradiated cells from B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma. In nearly all cases, viable "colonies" were seen after irradiation, albeit in lower numbers. These data indicate that in the PHA-leukocyte feeder colony assay, a considerable percentage of colonies from a large variety of B-cell malignancies originate from aggregating rather than from proliferating cells.
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PMID:Radioresistant pseudo-colony formation in the PHA-leukocyte feeder colony assay. 326 67

Cancer incidence among 27,011 diagnostic x-ray workers was compared to that of 25,782 other medical specialists employed between 1950 and 1980 in China. X-ray workers had a 50% higher risk of developing cancer than the other specialists [relative risk (RR) = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.3-1.7]. Leukemia was strongly linked to radiation work (RR = 3.5, n = 30). Cancers of the breast (RR = 1.4, n = 11), thyroid (RR = 2.1, n = 7), and skin (RR = 1.5, n = 6) were increased among x-ray workers employed for 10 or more years. High risks of cancers of the esophagus (RR = 3.5, n = 15) and liver (RR = 2.4, n = 48) were not consistent with a radiation effect since risk did not vary by duration of employment. This finding suggested that some differences might exist between groups of hospital workers in social class, alcohol intake, dietary habits, and other risk factors. No excess lung cancer (RR = 0.9, n = 22) or multiple myeloma (n = 0) was observed. Significant excesses of leukemia and cancers of the breast and thyroid occurred among x-ray workers first employed prior to 1960 when radiation exposures in China were high. In fact, it was not uncommon for employees to be given time off from x-ray work because their wbc count was severely depressed. These data indicated that repeated exposure to x-rays over many years can increase the risk of leukemia and several other tumors but apparently not that of lung cancer.
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PMID:Cancer among medical diagnostic x-ray workers in China. 335

We have used chicken anti-mouse immunoglobulin antiserum to precipitate molecules from mouse T-lymphoma cells that had been radioiodinated. We analysed the immunoprecipitates by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and compared the results with immunoprecipitates generated by other antisera. We found that the molecule precipitated by chicken anti-mouse immunoglobulin from T-lymphoma cells was identical to the mouse leukemia virus envelope glycoprotein (gp 70) produced by the T-lymphoma. Mouse IgM myeloma proteins block precipitation of T-lymphoma molecules by chicken anti-mouse immunoglobulin. We conclude that mouse IgM and gp 70 share antigenic determinants. This may lead to erroneous conclusions about the presence of immunoglobulin on T-cells.
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PMID:Murine T-lymphoma 'immunoglobulin' is identical to leukemia virus gp 70. 629 Aug 78

A mouse monoclonal antibody (IgM) was obtained by cell hybridization between X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cells and spleen cells from a BALB mouse that was immunized with GRSL leukemia cells of the GR strain. This antibody identified a unique fetal antigen, which is expressed exclusively on embryonic thymocytes of all strains tested. Therefore, the antigen defined was named fetal thymus antigen-1, FT-1. The proportion of FT-1+ fetal thymocytes detected by immunofluorescence assay sharply decreases as gestation time increases, and finally they disappear from the thymus. On the other hand, Thy-1+ cells increase in inverse proportion. The immunofluorescence studies and absorption tests showed that FT-1 antigen is not detectable on brain, liver, kidney, or lymphoid tissue cells of adult mice. However, it is expressed on some leukemia cells of various mouse strains, which demonstrated that this is the first example of an oncofetal antigen of a mouse leukemia. The molecular weight of FT-1 antigen on leukemia cells was estimated to be 130,000 by means of biosynthetic labeling with [3H]galactose and [35S]methionine. The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis pattern of FT-1 antigen shows a family of glycoproteins with extensive charge heterogeneity. It was also shown that the FT-1 antigen molecule carries the receptor for DBA lectin.
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PMID:A new differentiation antigen (FT-1) shared with fetal thymocytes and leukemic cells in the mouse. 660 76

Twenty individuals developed acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) following long-term chemotherapy for other disorders. The primary disorders included non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (five), Hodgkin's disease (five), carcinoma (four), multiple myeloma (three), chronic leukemia (two), and rheumatoid arthritis. Leukemia developed from 11-132 months (mean approximately 60 months) following institution of chemotherapy and all cases have occurred since 1974. Pre-leukemic cytopenias were present in 15 individuals. Fifteen of the 20 patients had chromosome analyses and 14 were abnormal. The leukemia was invariably refractory to chemotherapy with a median survival of only two months. Of the patients autopsied, only one individual had any evidence of the primary malignancy. This study illustrates the need for surveillance for secondary ANLL following long-term chemotherapy with/without radiotherapy. Duration of optimal chemotherapy for the primary disease must be determined by control trials and weighed against the risk of developing a secondary leukemia.
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PMID:Induced acute non-lymphocytic leukemia following long-term chemotherapy: a study of 20 cases. 692 96


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