Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cancer incidence trends from the late 1940s to 1983-84 were assessed among white residents of five geographic areas (Atlanta, Connecticut, Detroit, Iowa, San Francisco-Oakland) by means of data derived from several National Cancer Institute surveys, the Connecticut Tumor Registry, and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Incidence trends were compared with mortality trends for the entire United States and for the same five study areas. This study documented rising incidence and mortality rates for four cancers: lung cancer, melanoma of the skin, multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Increases in lung cancer continued through the early 1980s, but the rate of increase has been moderating during recent years, particularly among males and at younger ages for whom recent declines are evident. Overall, lung cancer incidence rates increased more than 220 and 400% among males and females, respectively. Although much rarer than lung cancer, melanoma of the skin and multiple myeloma increased greatly until the early 1980s among both males and females. The overall rate of increase in melanoma incidence among males was greater than that for lung cancer, and the rate of increase in multiple myeloma mortality among females was exceeded only by that for lung cancer. Increases of 70-120% were observed for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Increases in incidence and mortality rates for pancreatic cancer were apparent during the early years but less conspicuous in recent years. Laryngeal and kidney cancer rates generally increased substantially, although the changes were not remarkable for laryngeal cancer mortality among males and kidney cancer mortality among females. The rates for cancers of the mouth and pharynx increased among females but not males. Prostate, colon, and bladder cancer incidence rates increased more than 65% among males, whereas mortality rates changed only moderately. The incidence of thyroid cancer increased more than 75% among both sexes until the late 1970s, but mortality rates have declined during the period of study. Breast cancer incidence increased 30%, whereas mortality rates remained remarkably constant. The incidence of corpus uteri cancer increased dramatically during the mid-1970s and decreased substantially thereafter; these changes were not reflected in the mortality rates, which continually declined during the entire time period. The incidence of testicular cancer increased more than 90% and that of Hodgkin's disease did not change greatly; however, mortality rates for both cancers declined more than 50% since the late 1960s and early 1970s.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Cancer incidence and mortality trends among whites in the United States, 1947-84. 330 21

Primary small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the larynx is a rare condition. We report a case of primary oat cell carcinoma of the subglottic larynx associated with a synchronous IgD multiple myeloma (an unreported association). An increased incidence of carcinoma associated with plasma cell disorders has been reported, and the theories of this association are discussed. In a review of the reported cases, the most successful management of oat cell carcinoma of the larynx appears to incorporate a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Our case was treated with a combination of protocols used for oat cell carcinoma of the larynx and multiple myeloma. At 24 months after diagnosis, the patient is free of oat cell carcinoma, and the multiple myeloma is under control.
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PMID:Primary small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the larynx associated with an IgD multiple myeloma. 629 98

Risk of cancer mortality from 1973 to 1985 in persons born in the Indian subcontinent who migrated to England and Wales was analysed by ethnicity, and compared with cancer mortality in the England and Wales native population, using data from England and Wales death certificates. There were substantial highly significant raised risks in Indian ethnic migrants for cancers of the mouth and pharynx, gall bladder, and liver in each sex, larynx and thyroid in males, and oesophagus in females. There were also substantial raised risks in these migrants of each sex for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and myeloma. For the mouth and pharynx, and liver in each sex, and gall bladder in females, there were also raised risks of lesser magnitude in British ethnic migrants. For colon and rectal cancer and cutaneous melanoma in each sex, ovarian cancer in women and bladder cancer in men, there were appreciable significantly reduced risks in the Indian ethnic migrants not shared by those of British ethnicity. Appreciable raised risks in British ethnic migrants not shared by those of Indian ethnicity occurred for nasopharyngeal cancer in males, soft tissue malignancy in both sexes and non-melanoma skin cancer in males. In migrants of both ethnicities there were appreciable significantly raised risks in each sex for leukaemia and decreased risks in each sex for gastric cancer, for lung cancer except in females of British ethnicity and in males for testicular cancer. The results suggest the need for public health measures to combat the high risks of oral and pharyngeal cancers and liver cancer in the Indian ethnic immigrant population of England and Wales, by prevention of betel quid chewing and hepatitis transmission respectively. The data also imply that early exposures or early acquired behaviours in India, or exposures during migration, may increase the risk of leukaemia and reduce the risks of gastric and testicular cancers in the migrants irrespective of their ethnicity. Aetiological studies would be worthwhile to investigate the reasons for the sizeable decreased risk of colon and rectal cancer and increased risk of gall bladder cancer in each sex and the increased risk of thyroid and laryngeal cancer in males and oesophageal cancer in females of Indian ethnicity but not of British ethnicity who have migrated from the Indian subcontinent.
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PMID:Cancer mortality in Indian and British ethnic immigrants from the Indian subcontinent to England and Wales. 757 89

To arrive at a reasonable estimate of the total need for radiotherapy, the various descriptions of population trends and measures of cancer trends must be studied concurrently. Incidence and mortality are well documented by official statistics. All prognoses are based on these measures, the official population statistics, and the 1989 population prognosis from Statistics Sweden. Incidence, mortality, and prevalence may be considered either individually or together as indirect measures of the need for radiotherapy at different stages for different types of cancer. Incidence, ie, the number of cases of disease onset during a given period, shows the indirect need for curative radiotherapy, eg, for breast cancer, laryngeal cancer, gynecological tumor types, and head and neck cancer. The projected average annual mean increase in total incidence is 1.0%. Mortality may be used as an indirect measure of the need for palliative treatment for recurring cancer, eg, for bone metastases, prostate cancer, lung cancer, or breast cancer. The mean increase is estimated at 0.9% per year. Likewise, prevalence can be an indirect measure of the need for palliative treatment for cancer diseases of a chronic nature, eg, prostate cancer and multiple myeloma. The total mean increase per year has been estimated at 2.0%. The total need for radiotherapy in the future should be viewed against the background of all these descriptive measures. Assessment must also consider numerous other factors that directly influence need. A change in the indications for treatment can quickly increase the need for radiotherapy, eg, the benefits of radiotherapy for noninvasive breast cancer are currently being studied. Even a change in the indications for surgical intervention for small tumors in the breast influence the need for primary curative radiotherapy in this large group of patients. Likewise, a shift in staging the primary diagnosis, eg, in head and neck cancer, and changes in fractionation (hyperfractionation) may substantially influence need. This is addressed further in another section of the report. The largest single group of cancer patients who receive radiotherapy are those with bone metastases (25% of the total). The size of this group, and thereby the potential unsatisfied need, is largely unknown since no statistics show the prevalence of metastases in the population. This group is comprised mainly of patients that were primarily diagnosed with prostate cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer. Concerning lung cancer, incidence trends probably provide the best measure of changes in the number of bone metastases over time. The annual increase in incidence has been estimated at 1.5%. As for breast cancer and prostate cancer, mortality trends provide more information about trends in the number of bone metastases. Both types of cancer increased by 1.9% per year. Chapter 6 presents the types of cancer for which radiotherapy is usually given. The projected trends show that each of these cancer diagnoses, except lung cancer in men and cervical cancer in women, are expected to increase in number until the year 2010. Prevalence is expected to increase even more, particularly cancer in the rectum, breast, and prostate. Also, the number of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is expected to nearly double by 2010.
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PMID:Cancer trends in Sweden until 2010. 915 84

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite the use of high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. However, immunotherapy is expected to offer long-term disease control, or even possibly a cure. We have previously demonstrated the suppressive effect of a recombinant adenovirus carrying human wild-type p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and B7-1 genes (Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1) on the growth of laryngeal cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of an Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1-modified myeloma cell vaccine strategy aimed to induce apoptosis and to augment the immunogenicity of MM cells. Both MM cell lines and purified primary myeloma cells were infected with Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1. High expression levels of these three genes were confirmed separately by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometry. When wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes were introduced, the growth of MM cells was inhibited via enhanced apoptosis and the immunogenicity of tumor cells was augmented. The combinatorial effect of these three genes on inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was more evident than that of p53 individually or any combinations of two (p53 plus GM-CSF or p53 plus B7-1). Furthermore, significant proliferation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and specific cytotoxicity against autologous primary MM cells were induced in vitro. These results suggest that myeloma cell vaccination co-transferred with p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes may be a promising immunotherapeutic approach against MM.
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PMID:Adenoviral-mediated transfer of human wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes results in growth suppression and autologous anti-tumor cytotoxicity of multiple myeloma cells in vitro. 1600 Nov 64

In various cancers, high-grade tumor and poor survival rate in patients with upregulated lncRNAs UCA1 have been confirmed. Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) is an oncogenic non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. The UCA1 regulate critical biological processes that are involved in cancer progression, including cancer cell growth, invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. So It should not surprise that UCA1 overexpresses in variety of cancers type, including pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, adrenal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, oral cancer, gallbladder cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, osteosarcoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, leukemia, glioma, thyroid cancer, medulloblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma. In this article, we review biological function and regulatory mechanism of UCA1in several cancers and also, we will discuss the potential of its as cancer biomarker and cancer treatment.
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PMID:The Functional Role of Long Non-coding RNA UCA1 in Human Multiple Cancers: a Review Study. 3256 Jun 5