Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The production and detailed immunostaining properties of a new rat monoclonal antibody (ICR.2) to epithelial membrane antigen are reported. The antibody was selected for its ability to compete with the polyclonal antiserum (M7), used in the original immunohistological studies, in order that it might serve as a direct replacement in diagnosing epithelial tumours. Most of the staining reactions on normal tissues were identical to those previously reported with M7 but there were some important differences. They included: positivity of renal and adrenal capsular fibroblasts, perineurium, some myoepithelial and smooth muscle cells, occasional osteoblasts and squamous and thyroid follicular epithelium in the normal state. The intercellular canaliculi of sweat glands and secretory canaliculi of gastric oxyntic cells were clearly demonstrated. These staining reactions could be obtained with M7 when a sensitive detection system was used although the results were usually weak and inconsistent. Nearly all adenosquamous and transitional carcinomas were positive. The remaining tumours fell into three major groups: (1) those which were consistently or nearly consistently negative--melanoma, seminoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma, granulocytic sarcoma, paraganglioma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease and embryonal carcinoma: (2) those which were either negative or positive with distinctive patterns of staining--basal cell carcinoma, embryonal tumours: and (3) non-epithelial tumours that were consistently positive--epithelioid sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, chordoma and myeloma--or positive in a significant minority of cases--leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, clear cell sarcoma of tendon sheath, various neuroectodermal tumours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Detailed investigation of the diagnostic value in tumour histopathology of ICR.2, a new monoclonal antibody to epithelial membrane antigen. 169 88

Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against human osteosarcoma cells were obtained by the fusion of NS/1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from the human osteosarcoma cell line-immunized BALB/c mice. Two hybrid clones were established and designated as 2H10 and 2D3. Both MoAbs reacted strongly with all osteosarcoma tissues but not with other bone and soft tissue tumors such as chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. In addition, neither MoAb reacted with tumor cell lines and tissues obtained from other cancers. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that 2H10 and 2D3 reacted with endothelial cells in sarcoma tissues, but not with those of other tumors and normal tissues. 2H10 also reacted with cells on the basal layer of epidermis of the skin. 2H10- and 2D3-defined antigen has an approximate molecular weight of 75,000 under nonreducing and reducing conditions, indicating that the antigen has a single chain structure and there is no intramolecular disulfide bond. 2H10- and 2D3-defined antigen has a pI value between 5.5 and 6.2. Sequential immunoprecipitation analysis clearly demonstrated that 2H10 and 2D3 recognized the same antigen molecule. However, further analysis suggested the possibility that 2H10 and 2D3 MoAbs recognized the different antigenic determinants on the same antigen molecule.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies that detect different antigenic determinants of the same human osteosarcoma-associated antigen. 245 Jun 50

Haemangiosarcoma of bone is a very rare primary tumour with a variable history and differing radiographic and histological appearances. In some cases the lesion has similar features to the so-called "adamantinoma of long bones" in which the histogenesis is also unknown. Such a lesion is described which occurred in the shaft of the right humerus of a 31-year-old man. Radiographically a centrally located area of osteolysis was seen without marginal sclerosis, but with erosion of the bony cortex. A biopsy was performed 16 months after the first radiographic examination and showed malignant tumour tissue which was difficult to classify histomorphologically. Several different neoplasms such as Ewing's sarcoma, myeloma, liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma or a bone metastasis were suggested. Finally, a haemangiosarcoma or so-called "adamantinoma of long bones" was considered. The tumour was completely removed by en-bloc resection. Careful histomorphological investigation of the tumour tissue by means of light microscopy, cytology and electronmicroscopy showed a vascular pattern characteristic of a haemangiosarcoma. Using cytophotometric DNA measurements of the tumour cells, the lesion could be classified as being of low-grade malignancy. This is confirmed since there has now been a 4-year follow up with no local recurrence or metastasis. There are many similarities between a well-differentiated haemangiosarcoma and an "adamantinoma of long bones". The differential diagnosis and the histogenesis of the latter lesion is discussed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Haemangiosarcoma of bone. 404 May 2

Our experience of seven cases with resection and reconstruction of sternum were introduced. The lesions were 1 chondrosarcoma, 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 1 myeloma, 1 fibrous dysplasia, 1 thymic carcinoma and 2 recurrent breast carcinomas. Partial resection of sternum was performed in 6 and subtotal resection in 1. In reconstruction of sternum we have used frequently Marlex mesh for prosthetic material, and pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap and/or rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap for overlying the prosthesis. All patients are living and well for except one case.
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PMID:[Resection of sternal lesion and its reconstruction]. 855 2

Segmental bone resection with preservation of the affected limb was performed in 27 patients with malignant bone tumors. Diagnosis as confirmed by histopathology was: osteosarcoma (n = 8), chondrosarcoma (n = 3), fibrosarcoma (n = 2), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n = 2), giant cell tumor (n = 6), reticulum cell sarcoma (n = 1), myeloma (n = 1) and metastatic bone tumor (n = 4). Four different kinds of operative procedure were used: enbloc resection of shoulder girdle in 13 cases, segmental resection and replantation of distal forearm in 1, partial hemipelvisection in 6 and segmental resection of the lower thigh with leg rotation plasty in 7. Twenty four patients were followed up from 16 months to more then 12 years. Twenty patients survived for more than 2 years, 9 patients survived over 5 years with functional limbs. The 2- and 5-year survival rate was 83.3% and 37.5%, respectively.
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PMID:[Limb-preserving segmental bone resection for malignant bone tumors of the extremities: a report of 27 cases]. 938 85

Surgical resection is the option for sternal metastasis from breast cancer. But surgical treatment is the subject of controversy for sternal metastasis except from breast cancer. Four cases of secondary malignant tumors of the sternum except from breast cancer were reported. Primary lesions included thyroid cancer, gastric cancer, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the chest wall and multiple myeloma. In 3 cases, operation were done and they survived 11 months, 13 months and 3 years respectively. In case of secondary malignant tumor of the sternum except from breast cancer, surgical treatment should be considered.
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PMID:[Cases of sternal metastasis except from breast cancer]. 1047 56

Tumor-restricted surface antigens may be targets for diagnosis and immune-based therapies. Monoclonal antibody 8H9 is a murine IgG1 hybridoma derived from the fusion of mouse myeloma SP2/0 cells and splenic lymphocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with human neuroblastoma. By immunohistochemistry, 8H9 was highly reactive with human brain tumors, childhood sarcomas, and neuroblastomas, and less so with adenocarcinomas. Among primary brain tumors, 15 of 17 glioblastomas, 3 of 4 mixed gliomas, 4 of 11 oligodendrogliomas, 6 of 8 astrocytomas, 2 of 2 meningiomas, 3 of 3 schwannomas, 2 of 2 medulloblastomas, 1 of 1 neurofibroma, 1 of 2 neuronoglial tumors, 2 of 3 ependymomas, and 1 of 1 pineoblastoma tested positive. Among sarcomas, 21 of 21 Ewing's/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, 28 of 29 rhabdomyosarcomas, 28 of 29 osteosarcomas, 35 of 37 desmoplastic small round cell tumors, 2 of 3 synovial sarcomas, 4 of 4 leiomyosarcomas, 1 of 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and 2 of 2 undifferentiated sarcomas tested positive with 8H9. Eighty-seven of 90 neuroblastomas, 12 of 16 melanomas, 3 of 4 hepatoblastomas, 7 of 8 Wilms' tumors, 3 of 3 rhabdoid tumors, and 12 of 27 adenocarcinomas also tested positive. In contrast, 8H9 was nonreactive with normal human tissues including bone marrow, colon, stomach, heart, lung, muscle, thyroid, testes, pancreas, and human brain (frontal lobe, cerebellum, pons, and spinal cord). Reactivity with normal cynomolgus monkey tissue was restricted similarly. Indirect immunofluorescence localized the antigen recognized by 8H9 to the cell membrane. The antigen is proteinase sensitive and is not easily modulated off the cell surface. 8H9 immunoprecipitated a M(r) 58,000 band after N-glycanase treatment, most likely a protein with a heterogeneous degree of glycosylation. This novel antibody-antigen system may have potential for tumor targeting.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody 8H9 targets a novel cell surface antigen expressed by a wide spectrum of human solid tumors. 1135 24

Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the chest wall is rare. We report a case of primary MFH arising from the chest wall, which was thought to be a metastasis or myeloma. The imaging study revealed a single mass of the chest wall involving a rib. Resection and chest wall reconstruction was done. The histologic diagnosis was storiform-pleomorphic primary MFH. Although MFH of the chest wall is an uncommon pathology, it should be considered in the differentiation of a single bony destructive lesion involving the rib with a soft tissue component.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of chest wall. 1574 25

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the first-line investigation in any breast lump and hence cytomorphological recognition of nonmammary metastatic tumors to the breast and their distinction from primary tumors is important. Metastatic breast neoplasms diagnosed over a 6-yr period from 1997 to 2002 were retrieved from the database of the Department of Cytopathology and the clinical, cytopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings were correlated with the histopathology of the primary tumor. Fifteen cases of metastatic breast neoplasms were encountered constituting 1.47% of all malignant tumors of the breast diagnosed on FNA. There were 14 female patients and one male patient aged 13-80 yr. The preaspiration clinical diagnosis was either a benign breast lump or a malignancy (primary vs. metastatic). The breast lump was the initial presentation in four cases and the cytodiagnosis of a metastatic malignancy lead to the subsequent detection of the primary malignancy. These included one case each of melanoma, myeloma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and small-cell carcinoma of the lung. There were five pediatric cases that included four cases of rhabdomyosarcoma and one case of leukemic deposit. The adult cases included two cases each of melanoma, small-cell carcinoma, and myeloma; one case of choriocarcinoma; and three cases of soft-tissue sarcomas. These included two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and one case of leiomyosarcoma. The presence of unusual cytomorphological patterns on breast FNA should alert the cytopathologist to the possibility of a metastatic breast neoplasm, even if not suspected clinically. A detailed history of the patient, clinical correlation, and immunocytochemistry helps in establishing an accurate diagnosis, which avoids unnecessary surgery and ensures appropriate treatment.
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PMID:Fine-needle aspiration cytology of extramammary neoplasms metastatic to the breast. 1575 68

Background. In a retrospective study of the time of survival, the quality of life and the methods used to reconstruct large bone defects around the hip joint, we examined 13 patients treated surgically in our orthopedic ward between 1989 and 2004 for primary and secondary bone tumors. Material and methods. The study group included 11 women and 7 men, mean age 56.4 years. 5 patients (22%) had primary tumors: myeloma in 2 patients, chondrosarcoma in 2 patients, and MFH in 1 patient. In 13 patients (87%) there were metastatic lesions. The technical solutions used to reconstruct large bone defects included post-resection endoprothesis in 5 cases, total endoprothesis in 10 cases, and partial endoprosthesis in 3 cases. The treatment outcome was evaluated using the authors' own clinical scoring system, which covers pain, range of motion, muscle strength, ambulation, and activities of daily living. Results. There were no deaths in the early post-operative period. The mean post-operative follow-up time was 15 months. Excellent or good outcomes were achieved in 92.3% of cases: good ambulation, independence in activities of daily living, and no pain. The mean time of patient survival was 16.5 months (range: 10-42 months). Conclusions. Surgical reconstruction of large bone defects due to a malignant tumor around the hip joint is very effective in relieving pain, improving ambulation and increasing daily activities. The time of survival of patients after resection of bone tumor and hip replacement confirms the usefulness of this treatment method.
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PMID:Reconstruction of large bone defects with arthroplasty in the treatment of bone tumors of the hip joint. 1761 37


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