Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sternum is known as a common site of bone metastasis in a variety of neoplasms. Sternal metastasis is usually visualized as hot spot on bone scintigraphy. However, photon deficiency in the sternum on bone scintigraphy is reported in few cases with malignancy. We undertook a retrospective analysis to clarify the clinical significance of photon deficiency in the sternum in 12 patients with malignancy. Twelve patients (five breast cancer, two multiple myeloma, one lung cancer, one renal cell cancer, one hepatocellular carcinoma, one malignant lymphoma, and one thyroid cancer) showing cold sternal metastasis on bone scintigraphy were identified among 9,430 patients in whom bone scintigraphy was performed. Except for two cases with pathologically confirmed sternal metastasis, all patients showed lytic change in the sternum on tomography or CT scan. Six cases of solitary sternal metastasis showed partial effect of systemic therapy (chemotherapy, humoral therapy, and radiation therapy) and surgical treatment. It is necessary to keep in mind that this type of lesion may occur as a manifestation of metastatic disease.
 ...
PMID:Photon-deficient finding in sternum on bone scintigraphy in patients with malignant disease. 207 33

Mouse-human heterohybridoma (3H12) producing human antibody was established by fusing P3/X63-Ag-U1 (P3U1) myeloma cells with lymphocytes from a patient of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). This monoclonal antibody reacts to lung cancer cells, especially SCLC, but not to adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma cells. It does not show any reactivities to other tumors or normal cells so far examined. An immunoprecipitation experiment with this antibody revealed that the antigen on SCLC was a single chain moiety of 150 kilodaltons (Kd). Judging from the cell type reactivity and molecular size of the antigen, this monoclonal antibody appears to detect a new tumor-associated antigen on human SCLC.
 ...
PMID:Establishment of human monoclonal antibody recognizing a new tumor-associated antigen from a patient with small cell lung carcinoma. 216 75

Several studies have been performed in the last ten-years on the biochemical and physiopathologic properties of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Human lung and kidney are a rich source of ACE and the enzyme is bound to the plasma-membrane of vascular endothelial cells; however, the small intestine and the choroid plexus are also particularly rich in ACE, where it is concentrated on the surface of cuboidal epithelial cells facing the cerebrospinal fluid. The ACE is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 150,000 daltons and it cleaves C-terminal dipeptides of several oligo-peptides, including angiotensin I and bradykinin. It catalyzes conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and induces inactivation of bradykinin. Synthetic acylated tripeptides such as radiolabelled hippuryl-histidyl-leucine and hippuryl-glycyl-glycine have been found to be the most suitable substrates for determining the activity of ACE with radiochemical assays. The mean-normal values for ACE activity is 25 U/ml; there are no significant differences in ACE activity between different sexes and races, but there is significant decrease in adults. The measurement of ACE activity in sarcoidosis suggests the following results: 1) There is a relationship between the increased SACE and LACE activity and active disease and between normal ACE activity and inactive disease. 2) Normal or decreased ACE activity is useful for therapeutic evaluation of sarcoidosis. 3) Increased SACE activity can be a sensitive parameter for predicting clinical relapse of the disease. An increased SACE activity is found in a wide variety of non-sarcoid granulomatous diseases and non-granulomatous systemic diseases. A decreased SACE and LACE activity is found in non-granulomatous pulmonary diseases such as "Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome", lung cancer and lung toxicity caused by antineoplastic drugs. Moreover, a low preoperative SACE is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer and its levels may be useful for predicting clinical relapse of this disorder after operation. Finally, a low SACE activity is found in malignant lymphomas, leukemia and multiple myeloma. A relationship is also found between decreased enzyme activity and a poor prognosis and clinical relapse of these diseases.
 ...
PMID:[ACE: physiopathology and role in the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic granulomatosis, neoplasms and lung toxicity caused by antineoplastic agents]. 217 27

Spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell LTEP-a2 were fused with murine myeloma cell SP 2/0, from which 4 hybridomas (2 A7, 2 E9, 4 F2 and 5 F11) were obtained. Indirect immunofluorescence test showed that these 4 monoclonal antibodies reacted with human lung cancer cells, but not with 2 BS or the lymphocytes and red blood cells in 4 different ABO groups of 10 persons. Using ABC immunoperoxidase stain technique, these 4 antibodies showed negative reaction with 9 tissue types from the normal subject and fetus but could react with 52-83% of the 29 human lung carcinomas and 64-92% of the 24 non-small cell lung cancers (non-SCLC). When 5 F11 was combined with 2 A7 or 2 E9, the percentage of positive stain was 100% in 24 non-SCLC. The results of indirect immunofluorescence stain showed that strong membrane stain by 5 F11 and membrane stain by 4 F2 were obtained, indicating that these antibodies could recognize antigens on cancer cell membrane. It is suggested that a mixture of 5 F11 and other antibodies be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Molecular weight of the antigens recognized by the 4 antibodies was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot technique to be 47 KD (2 A7), 67 KD (2E9), 40 KD (4F2) and 56 KD (5 F11).
 ...
PMID:[Monoclonal antibody against human lung carcinoma]. 217 66

Hypercalcemia is one of the most serious metabolic disorders associated with cancer. The incidence and clinical circumstances associated with hypercalcemia vary in different types of cancer. Hypercalcemia is the most frequent metabolic complication of breast cancer and is usually related to widespread osteolytic metastases; however, local and systemic humoral factors mediating bone resorption have been described. In some patients with breast cancer, hypercalcemia results from treatment with estrogens, antiestrogens, androgens, or progestins. Coexisting primary hyperparathyroidism rarely confounds the diagnosis. In patients with lung cancer, the incidence of hypercalcemia varies with histology and is often unrelated to bone metastases. Hypercalcemia may occur either late or early in the disease but is seldom a presenting symptom. In patients with cancers of the head and neck region, hypercalcemia is most often associated with advanced recurrent and terminal disease, presumably humorally mediated. In renal cell carcinoma, hypercalcemia is also an adverse prognostic indicator, commonly mediated by humoral factors. On the other hand, almost all patients with multiple myeloma have extensive osteolytic bone destruction and hypercalcemia is frequently a presenting symptom. Hypercalcemia is uncommon in most lymphomas; however, it is usually a prominent feature of adult T-cell lymphomas and also occurs in some large cell, diffuse B-cell lymphomas. Awareness of the setting in which hypercalcemia of malignancy occurs will lead to its prompt diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Overview of cancer-related hypercalcemia: epidemiology and etiology. 218 51

Excessive cancer rates among blacks in Louisiana are well-documented. Both male and female blacks have higher overall cancer incidence and mortality rates than their white counterparts. Cancers that are excessive in males include lung, esophagus, larynx, stomach, pancreas, liver, multiple myeloma, and prostate. In black females, higher rates are observed for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, multiple myeloma, cervix, and breast (mortality only). The excess of lung cancer among black men is not observed in women. These cancer sites share similar risk factors and are associated mostly with tobacco or diet. Physicians in Louisiana can play an important role in cancer intervention by informing their black patients about the magnitude of the cancer problem in blacks, increased cancer risk associated with tobacco and excessive alcohol use, importance of a balanced nutritious diet, cancer signs and symptoms, and the importance of early detection.
 ...
PMID:Excessive cancer rates among blacks in Louisiana: an opportunity for physician intervention. 218 33

Painters are exposed to a range of complex chemical mixtures which include organic solvents and dye products with known carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. Trade painters or those manufacturing paints and coatings have increased rates of non-malignant diseases and cancers; including lung cancer, acute leukaemia, bladder cancer, and cancers of the oesophagus, larynx, biliary system, liver, skin, and large bowel. A series of case-control studies of painters, based on the New Zealand Cancer Registry, are presented. These concerned 19,904 male patients registered for the period 1980-4 who were aged 20 or older at the time of registration. For each cancer site studied, the registrants for all other cancer sites formed the control group. Three cancer sites were associated with work as a painter--namely, bladder tumours (odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.00-2.31), kidney and other urothelial tumours (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.85-2.50), and multiple myeloma (OR 1.95, 95%, CI 1.05-3.65). Risks for multiple myeloma were greater among car or spray painters and signwriters (OR 2.81) compared with construction and general painters (OR 1.80). No increased risk was found for leukaemia or for respiratory, biliary, skin, or gastrointestinal cancers.
 ...
PMID:Cancer risks in painters: study based on the New Zealand Cancer Registry. 224 85

In most industralized countries, the last two decades or so have been characterized by a further significant reduction in mortality. Summary measures of mortality, such as the age-standardized death rate, have declined in parallel with reductions in CVD mortality. Yet, cancer mortality over all ages has risen in the majority of industralized countries. However, this rise in cancer mortality has been accompanied by a rise in the average age at death from the disease, suggesting further progress in deferring death. How much of the observed increase in cancer mortality for such sites as the brain, as well as for multiple myeloma, is real is difficult to determine. Certainly, for countries such as the United States, where mortality from ill-defined causes and ill-defined cancer sites has not fallen, it is quite probable that the increase in death rates largely reflects a real increase in cancer risk. There can be little doubt that the rise in lung cancer mortality is a real trend and this has repeatedly been shown to mirror, with an appropriate lag period, previous changes in cigarette consumption. On the other hand, for some countries, such as France, Japan, and Italy, there have been very substantial postwar declines in mortality rates from ill-defined causes, and hence any increase in mortality from diseases for which diagnostic precision is known to have improved must be viewed with some caution. The reductions in CVD mortality have also been accompanied by a rise in the average age at death and a decline in the proportion of all deaths attributable to CVD. There have thus been fewer CVD deaths and these deaths are increasingly postponed to higher ages. This is reflected by the widespread decline in summary indices of premature mortality, such as the age-standardized death rate at ages 35 to 74 years. On the other hand, cancer death rates at these ages have risen in several countries, suggesting that at least some of the "younger" persons "saved" from dying from CVD are now succumbing to cancer. The suggestion that previous cigarette smoking has "claimed" the majority of "saved" lives from CVD is supported by the evidence on mortality trends for major sites of cancer. (The principal site of the disease for which mortality in males at ages 35 to 74 years rose in most countries substantially is lung cancer, which accounts for the vast majority of the rise in overall cancer mortality where it has occurred.) These conclusions would be strengthened if one could demonstrate parallel trends based on incidence data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Competing causes of death. A review of recent trends in mortality in industrialized countries with special reference to cancer. 226 58

Fire fighters are known to be occupationally exposed to many toxic substances. However, the limited number of previous studies has not demonstrated any consistent excess mortality from diseases of a priori concern, such as lung cancer, non-malignant respiratory disease, and cardiovascular disease. We studied 2,289 Seattle fire fighters from 1945 through 1983, and observed 383 deaths. Excess mortality from leukemia (SMR = 503, n = 3) and multiple myeloma (SMR = 989, n = 2) was observed among fire fighters with 30 years or more fire combat duty. Lung cancer mortality was elevated (SMR = 177, n = 18) among fire fighters 65 years old or older. We also analyzed the data by considering fire fighters at risk only after 30 years from first exposure. In this analysis, a trend of increasing risk with increasing exposure was observed for diseases of the circulatory system. For this cause of death, fire fighters with 30 years or more fire combat duty had a relative risk of 1.84 compared to those with less than 15 years of fire combat duty.
 ...
PMID:Cohort mortality study of Seattle fire fighters: 1945-1983. 232 16

Four hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of the IgG1 subclass against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were obtained from fusion of P3-NS1/1-Ag4 myeloma cells with splenic cells from mice immunized with purified CEA. None of the MAbs showed cross-reactivity to perchloric acid extractable antigens from the normal human colon by an inhibition radioimmunoassay. However, MAb C27 showed the highest affinity to CEA. The intensity of immunofluorescence staining of human colorectal cancer cells with MAb C27 correlates well to the cellular CEA content of cancer cells. LS174T showed the highest intensity of fluorescence (95%) while COLO320DM and COLO320HRS were the lowest (0.5%). None of the normal human organs - colon, lungs, liver, spleen or kidneys-showed positive staining by immunoperoxidase anti-peroxidase (PA) techniques, while tissues from colorectal carcinoma (CRC), gastric carcinoma, hepatoma and lung cancer gave a positive rate of 100% (30/30), 96.6% (28/29), 32.1% (9/28) and 82.1% (69/84) respectively. Results suggest that MAb C27 can be used in immunodetection and radiolocalization of colorectal carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Immunological characteristics of monoclonal antibodies against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 241 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>