Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spleen lymphocytes obtained from mice immunized with Trichomonas vaginalis ATCC 30001 were fused with P3-X63-Ag8-653 mouse myeloma in order to produce hybridoma-secreting antibodies against T. vaginalis associated antigens. Six hybridoma cloned cell lines were established; three produced IgG1, two produced IgG2a, and one produced IgM monoclonal antibody. These six monoclonal antibodies showed binding to seven isolated strains of T. vaginalis but did not bind to Giardia lamblia. Three of those monoclonal antibodies did not bind to Tritrichomonas foetus. These anti-trichomonal monoclonal antibodies should prove to be of great value as diagnostic and research reagents.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis. 351 32

Spleen cells derived from BN rats receiving HgCl2 were fused with the nonsecreting rat myeloma cell line IR983F. We screened 59 supernatants from immunoglobulin-secreting hybrids for antibody activity against actin, tubulin, autologous and heterologous myosin, myoglobin, dsDNA, peroxidase, and the haptens TNP, NIP, NNP, and NBrP. Six monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were found to react with antigen(s) of the panel. At least three groups of antibody specificities were identified: clones reacting with TNP (1 IgM, 1 IgE); clones reacting with horseradish peroxidase (1 IgM); and clones possessing widespread reactivity for several antigens as found for mouse natural autoantibodies (2 IgM, 1 IgE). We also analyzed the idiotypic (Id) determinants of the 59 mAb by using anti-Id antibodies described elsewhere prepared in rabbits against the BALB/c D23 natural monoclonal autoantibody and recognizing a BALB/c recurrent Id (Id D23) of natural polyspecific autoantibodies. We found that all rat mAb that possessed widespread reactivities bore this Id. We performed similar studies in sera from normal and mercury-stimulated rats. The results indicate a role for HgCl2 in the stimulation of natural antibodies producing cells and the existence of interspecies cross-reactive Id among mouse and rat natural antibodies.
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PMID:Autoimmunity induced by HgCl2 in Brown-Norway rats. II. Monoclonal antibodies sharing specificities and idiotypes with mouse natural monoclonal antibodies. 351 56

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against sarcoma-associated cell membrane antigens were prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice with tumor cells from a human osteosarcoma, TPX, grown as a xenograft in athymic BALB/c nude mice. Spleen cells from immunized mice were hybridized with X-63 Ag. 8.653 mouse myeloma cells which yielded 260 growing hybridomas. Seven of these produced antibodies that bound to TPX cells and to cells from another osteosarcoma, but not to autologous skin fibroblasts. MAbs from 2 (TP-1 and TP-3) of these 7 clones did not cross-react with non-sarcomatous tumor cells or peripheral blood lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical studies on frozen tissue sections showed that the TP-1 (IgG-2a) and TP-3 (IgG-2b) antibodies had characteristic and identical specificity profiles. Binding of TP-1 (TP-3) was demonstrated to 15/15 (15/15) osteosarcomas, 3/3 (2/2) synovial sarcomas, 7/9 (6/8) malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 2/2 (1/1) malignant hemangiopericytomas, 1/2 (1/2) chondrosarcomas and 3/6 (1/3) unclassified sarcomas. The antibodies did not bind to any of 16 sarcomas belonging to other histological subtypes, including liposarcomas and leio- and rhabdomyosarcomas. Moreover, they failed to bind to sections of 66 different non-sarcomatous malignancies, or to any of a range of normal adult and fetal tissues, although some weak staining of proximal kidney tubules was seen. The restricted specificity of these antibodies to some major subtypes of human sarcomas makes them promising tools for identification and subclassification of sarcomas.
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PMID:New monoclonal antibodies specific for human sarcomas. 352 38

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to placental alkaline phosphatase (PAlP) were raised by using the hybridoma technique. Spleen cells from immunized mice were fused with the mouse myeloma line NS-1 using 50% polyethylene glycol and cultured in a selection medium. Antibodies were screened by the enzyme immunoassay using immobilized solid-phase antigen and anti-mouse immunogloblin Fab' (rabbit)-beta-D-galactosidase complex. Four double-cloned hybridomas were obtained. The cross-reactivity with different kinds of alkaline phosphatases of the raised MAbs was examined. At first, MAb 11-D-10, with which placenta was stained but liver and small intestine were not stained in indirect immunofluorescence, was selected. Then, the cross-reactivity of MAb 11-D-10 was further investigated by immunoblotting (Western blotting). MAb 11-D-10 reacted with PAlP but did not react with hepatic and intestinal alkaline phosphatase at all. The binding activity of 125I-labeled MAb 11-D-10 with different choriocarcinoma cell lines (SCH, BeWo, NaUCC-1, NaUCC-2, and NaUCC-3) was highest in SCH, then in the order of BeWo, NaUCC-3, NaUCC-1 and NaUCC-2, and correlated to the PAlP content of the cells (SCH greater than BeWo greater than NaUCC-3 greater than NaUCC-1 greater than NaUCC-2). Also the intensity of indirect immunofluorescence of the above cell lines with MAb 11-D-10 correlated with the PAlP content of each cell.
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PMID:Purification of placental alkaline phosphatase and its monoclonal antibody. 353 20

Legionellae are widely spread in natural and man-made habitats. In many instances contaminated tap water has been linked to sporadic or endemic cases of human pulmonary infections, but it is not known why, in spite of frequent occurrence, legionellae only rarely cause disease. Monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Philadelphia 1) were prepared in order to distinguish between subtypes of this serogroup. Balb/c mice were immunized i.v. three times with heat inactivated bacteria. Antibody formation was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique using peroxidase-conjugated antimouse IgG. Spleen cells were then fused with NS-1 myeloma cells and cloned by limiting dilution. Four monoclonal antibodies were studied in detail. The study included 47 strains of L. pneumophila: 19 strains were of human origin and 28 were isolated from different environmental sources. Most were from tap water, but none from natural habitats. All strains belonged to serogroup 1 as defined by direct immunofluorescence (DFA) using monospecific FITC-labelled polyclonal antisera from rabbits. The strains were further characterized by beta-lactamase production, activity of catalase, oxidase and proteases, analysis of ubiquinones, and demonstration of membrane protein patterns by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A strong homogenicity between all the strains could be revealed by these methods independent of their origin. One of the monoclonal antibodies (B-1) was able to distinguish between human and environmental isolates. Eighteen of the 19 human strains reacted very strongly in DFA using antimouse immunoglobulin. No reaction, however, was seen with all of the environmental strains. Immunoblots were performed for characterization of the distinguishing feature using membrane complexes of all strains on nitrocellulose strips. The blots were incubated with antibody B-1, and immune complexes were detected by 125I-protein A. Broad intense blackening was seen between 22 and 70 kilodalton. This result suggests that no single protein, but rather a smaller component such as an oligosaccharide attached to constituents of different molecular weights, might be responsible for the discriminating reaction.
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PMID:Discrimination between clinical and environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila by a monoclonal antibody. 353 65

Monoclonal antibodies against the cell surface were produced by immunizing mice with endometrial scrapings prepared from 6-day pregnant rabbits. Spleen cells from an immune mouse were fused with myeloma cells and cultured by standard hybridoma technology methods. Hybridoma supernatants were screened for reaction with the apical epithelial surface by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections of uterus from 6-day pregnant rabbits, and positive colonies were cloned by limiting dilution. Ascites fluid was produced in mice from hybridoma clones that gave a consistent pattern of apical epithelial surface staining through 6 sub-clonings. Antibodies in the ascites fluid were tested by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections of uterus, oviduct, lung, liver and kidney from nonpregnant or 6-day pregnant rabbits. At a dilution of 1:5000, the antibodies recognized an antigen that was specific to the apical surface of luminal but not glandular epithelium of the 6-day pregnant uterus and could not be detected in the nonpregnant uterine epithelium. At higher concentrations of antibody (1:100 to 1:1000), crossreaction was seen with antigens in stromal and myometrial cells of pregnant and nonpregnant uterus. At a dilution of 1:5000, the antibody also crossreacted with some components of lung, liver and kidney but without discriminating between the two reproductive states. In the oviduct, staining of the surface epithelium was specific to the pregnant state. We conclude that this monoclonal antibody has a high affinity for a luminal epithelial cell surface antigen in the reproductive tract of the pregnant rabbit and shows multiple organ reactivity with other tissues that is not affected by pregnancy. This antigen will provide a useful cell surface marker of epithelial differentiation in the progestational reproductive tract.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies recognize a cell surface marker of epithelial differentiation in the rabbit reproductive tract. 354 36

Spleen cells, from BALB/c mice that had been infected with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) for 6 days and that had or had not been previously immunized with glutaraldehyde-inactivated LDV, were fused with NS-1 myeloma cells. The fusion frequency was at least 10 times higher than with spleen cells of normal or chronically infected mice. Only 1 of 297 wells containing hybridomas prepared with spleens from unprimed 6-day-infected mice produced LDV-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In contrast, when mice were immunized with inactivated LDV before infection, 33 of 73 hybridoma-containing wells screened were LDV-specific. The mAbs produced were mainly of IgG2a, IgM, and IgG1 subclasses and exhibited an identical characteristic staining pattern of LDV-infected cultured macrophages. A single mAb of IgG2b isotype yielded a different staining pattern. Western blotting showed that all of 12 mAbs analyzed in more detail were specific for the LDV glycoprotein, VP-3, but none of these neutralized the infectivity of the homologous strain of LDV. They also did not significantly protect immunosuppressed 10-month-old C58 mice against LDV-induced paralytic poliomyelitis, as does passive immunization with polyclonal mouse anti-LDV IgG.
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PMID:Characteristics of monoclonal antibodies to the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. 361 May 72

The synthetic peptide 166-174 of hCS sequence, corresponding to an antigenic determinant of the protein, was used to elicit MAbs to the native hCS molecule. The synthetic peptide was administered according to different immunization protocols to BALB/c mice, both in the free form or conjugated to carrier proteins. Spleens and popliteal lymph nodes from primed mice were fused with a myeloma cell line to produce MAbs, and selected clones were characterized for isotype and affinity. Spleen fusions gave rise to IgM MAbs, whereas lymph node fusions gave preferentially IgG MAbs. No correlation was found between antibody class and affinity since affinity is highly increased by carrier-conjugation, while it did not enhance IgG production. The free synthetic peptide showed a low immunogenicity: affinities of MAbs produced ranged from 10(5) to 10(7) l/mole, an average 1000-fold lower than the values obtained with carrier-conjugated peptide. In one case, however, carrier conjugation did not give rise to anti-hCS MAbs. Overall, these studies provide a rational approach to the production of anti-protein MAbs by synthetic peptide immunization and offer the opportunity to obtain MAbs of the desired isotype and affinity.
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PMID:Immunogenicity of a free synthetic peptide: carrier-conjugation enhances antibody affinity for the native protein. 361 16

Spleen cells of a Biozzi HR mouse immunized with a bovine serum albumin-methotrexate conjugate were fused with P3-X63-Ag8.653 mouse myeloma cells. Twenty-three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), selected by indirect ELISA, were produced and partially characterized. Using methotrexate (MTX) and eight structurally related compounds, binding specificities of the MAbs were assessed by inhibition enzyme immunoassay. All the MAbs had very low affinity for folic acid and its analogs and for the major MTX metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate. Using a computer cluster analysis program based on the binding specificities, the MAbs were divided into three groups. The thirteen MAbs in group I recognized primarily the pteridine portion of the MTX molecule; the eight group II MAbs recognized the benzene ring as well as the pteridine structure. The two MAbs in group III poorly distinguished between the different parts of the MTX molecule. The apparent equilibrium association constants of the anti-MTX MAbs in groups I, II, and III ranged from 7 x 10(9) to 3 x 10(8) M-1 (except for 1 MAb), from 5 x 10(7) to 6 x 10(6) M-1 (except for 2 MAbs), and from 1 x 10(6) to 3.5 x 10(5) M-1, respectively.
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PMID:Production and characterization of highly specific anti-methotrexate monoclonal antibodies. 367 55

Spleen cells of Biozzi HL mouse (selection V) immunized with bovine albumin-triiodothyronine conjugate were fused with P3-X63-Ag8.653 mouse myeloma cells. Thirteen monoclonal antibodies, selected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a radioimmunoassay, were produced in mouse ascites fluid, purified and analyzed. All of them were IgG1 (kappa). The cross-reactivity of all these monoclonal antibodies with thyroxine (T4) was less than 0.2%. The association constant determined by Scatchard analysis ranged from 1.5 x 10(9) M-1 to 2.7 x 10(10) M-1.
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PMID:Production and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies against 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine. 367 56


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