Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two anti-TNP antibodies exhibiting unusual features are described. They were obtained in two independent fusions. Spleen cells from CB20 mice sensitized with TNP-Ficoll and challenged with TNP-LPS were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells. One of these hybridomas, CBT3, secretes antibodies which react with both monospecific anti-gamma 2b and anti-gamma 3 anti-isotypic sera; the second hybridoma, CBT4, secretes antibodies reacting with monospecific anti-mu and anti-gamma 2b sera. Only one type of immunoglobulin is secreted by each hybridoma, ruling out the hypothesis of hybrid molecules formed by distinct heavy chains. These results imply that the two heavy chains are made up from elements encoded by gamma 3 and gamma 2b genes in CBT3 and by gamma 2b and mu genes in CBT4. The molecular mechanisms underlying the production of these singular heavy chains are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Hybrid polypeptide heavy chains produced by two hybridoma lines. 244 Dec 46

Spleen cells from NZB mouse immunized with a membrane fraction of rabbit thymus tissue were fused with BALB/c 6-thioguanine-resistant myeloma cells, P3-X63-Ag8.653. One hybridoma clone (Y-2-HD-1) produced IgM immunoglobulin that bound to an N-glycolylneuraminic acid-containing GM2 ganglioside, GM2(NeuGc), which is known to be a Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen. The specificity of the Y-2-HD-1 monoclonal antibody was examined, using authentic glycosphingolipids structurally related to GM2(NeuGc), by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography/enzyme immunostaining, respectively. The monoclonal antibody was found to be highly specific to GM2(NeuGc) and the epitope was a non-reducing terminal GalNAc beta 1-4[NeuGc alpha 2-3]Gal structure. This monoclonal antibody (Y-2-HD-1) bound to native mouse erythrocytes, in which GM2(NeuGc) is a major ganglioside. These results indicate that GM2(NeuGc) is located on the surface of mouse erythrocytes.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibody directed to a Hanganutziu-Deicher active ganglioside, GM2 (NeuGc). 244 47

Monoclonal antibodies (MABS) were raised against human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and their reaction with the polymorphic forms of this plasma protein were evaluated. Spleen cells of BALB/c mice, immunized with native or desialylated human AGP, were fused with NSO mouse myeloma cells. The hybridoma products were screened with a direct ELISA test, in which the immunoplates were coated with a mixture of native and desialylated AGP. In this test, 14 anti-AGP antibody producing clones were retained. Coating the wells with either native or desialylated AGP showed that eleven clones reacted with both types of AGP ('Type I' MABS), while three MABS reacted specifically with the desialylated form ('Type II' MABS). Precoating the immunoplates with polyclonal anti-human AGP followed by incubation with native or desialylated AGP before the addition of hybridoma supernatant (indirect ELISA), confirmed the specificities observed in the direct ELISA. The molecular heterogeneity of both native AGP and desialylated AGP, based on Concanavalin A reactivity and isoelectric point, was not reflected by any specificity in the antibody reactions. Thus 'Type I' MABS reacted with all molecular forms present in native and desialylated AGP while 'Type II' MABS reacted with all molecular forms present in desialylated AGP.
 ...
PMID:A study of the heterogeneity of human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein with monoclonal antibodies. 244 87

Serogroup-specificity of Legionella pneumophila is related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and few cross-reactions between serogroups have been observed with rabbit or monkey antisera. C57BL/6 mice were sequentially immunized with crude outer membrane fractions of L. pneumophila serogroups 1, 5, and 7, Legionella bozemanii, and Legionella micdadei. Spleen cells from these mice were then fused with the Sp2-0/Ag14 mouse myeloma cell line. Outer membrane-rich fractions and LPS were prepared from L. pneumophila serogroups 1 to 8 and other Legionella and non-Legionella species. Immunoblots of these extracts were performed with monoclonal antibody obtained from these fusions. One of these monoclonal antibodies recognized an epitope common to all tested serogroups of L. pneumophila and attached to the major constituent of the outer membrane, LPS. This antibody did not react with other Legionella species and numerous gram-negative rods other than Pseudomonas fluorescens CDC93. This monoclonal antibody may be useful in preliminary identification of L. pneumophila as an alternative to direct fluorescent-antibody testing.
 ...
PMID:Common epitope on the lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila recognized by a monoclonal antibody. 245 35

The retinal pigment epithelium consists of a unicellular layer of neuroepithelial cells that are essential for the maintenance of normal function of the neural retina. In order to evaluate more critically this cell in health and disease, we prepared monoclonal antibodies against human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Balb/c mice were immunized with human RPE cells. Spleen cells were fused with myeloma cells and resultant hybridomas were selected for antibody production. Supernatants were assayed by immunoperoxidase on frozen sections of human eye tissues. Two hybrids were cloned and ascites were generated in mice. These IgG antibodies react only with RPE cells and show no cross-reactivity with other cells in the eye or with human brain, kidney, skin, salivary glands, lymphocytes or monocytes. These antibodies recognize cell surface molecules that are highly conserved since they can be found in man, monkey, rat, cow, chicken and frog. SDS gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis showed that one of the antibodies reacted with a 42,000 MW polypeptide. Evaluation of the developing rat retina revealed that the epitopes are not detected at birth, are weakly present at day 6 and are highly recognized by day 9. These immunoglobulins will allow us to evaluate RPE cells in disease (proliferation, migration) and to probe the bioregulatory functions (phagocytosis, vitamin A transport) of these cells.
 ...
PMID:Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the retinal pigment epithelial cell. 247 41

Immunocompetent mice infected with LDVAGIA developed autoantibodies against Golgi antigen as early as 6-7 days postinfection preceding anti-viral antibodies for nearly a week. The anti-Golgi antibody titres peaked between two and three weeks postinfection independent of the applied virus dose. Already one week postinfection anti-Golgi autoantibodies were prominent in IgG subclasses IgG2a and b. Spleen cells from these mice were fused with myeloma cells and the culture fluids were screened by indirect immunofluorescence for antibodies reactive with the Golgi antigen of normal cultured cells. A panel of cloned stable antibody-producing hybridomas has been obtained. Some antibodies showed broad cross-species reactivity, recognizing similar antigenic determinants in the Golgi region of mouse, rat and other mammalian cells and also in avian and piscine cells, whereas others recognized determinants in this cell compartment only in mammalian cells and one recognized Golgi antigen only in particular murine tumor cells. From 19 Golgi antibody producing hybridomas 3 secreted IgM-antibodies, 10 synthesized autoantibodies of the subclass IgG2a and 6 of IgG2b. Applied in immunoelectron microscopy mABs decorated the Golgi organelle. A considerable amount of LDVAGIA-induced hybridomas produced antibodies against conserved antigens associated with the cytoskeleton, mitochondria, and the nucleus, LDV-induced monoclonal anti-Golgi antibodies decorated the Golgi area in LDV- and mock-infected macrophages. However, cytoplasmic fluorescence characteristic for LDV-infected cells was not observed indicating that the anti-Golgi autoantibodies do not cross-react with the virus.
 ...
PMID:Autoimmunity induced by lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus: monoclonal autoantibodies against Golgi antigens and other subcellular elements. 249 5

Spleen cells, sensitized in vitro with ANF-KLH conjugate, were fused with a non-producing mouse myeloma cell line, X63-Ag8.653. One of the isolated hybridomas secreted a monoclonal antibody which exhibited an association constant of 7.25 X 10(-9) M for ANF and recognized an epitope at the C-terminal of the synthetic rat ANF(101-126). Cross reactivity experiments with Auriculin B, Atriopeptin I and Atriopeptin II suggests Phe124-Arg125-Tyr126 in the epitope recognized by this antibody. The epitope appears to be similar to the portion of the hormone molecule essential for ANF binding to the B-receptor (high m.wt. receptor). This antibody may be useful for the generation of anti-idiotypic antibodies for the B-receptors.
 ...
PMID:Production of a monoclonal antibody against C terminus of atrial natriuretic factor by in vitro immunization. 252 33

Spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized in sequence with five human gastric cancer cell lines were fused with murine myeloma cell line SP2/0. Hybridomas 3F4, 3G9 and 3H11 secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against gastric cancer were obtained through selective culture and screening. These mAb produced by the immunization procedure have good selectivity and high positive rate in reaction on gastric cancer. The positive rate of reaction on gastric cancer cells and tissues could reach 5/5 and 84.8-93.5%, respectively, whereas there was almost no positive reaction on normal cells and tissues As there was no correlation between the positive reaction of gastric cancer and their histopathologic typing, and the cross reaction of mAb with other tumors and fetal gastrointestinal tissues was quite high, the corresponding antigens of these mAb were considered as extensive oncofetal antigens.
 ...
PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies against gastric cancer and their selective reaction on various tissues]. 255 69

Murine plasmacytoma MOPC 104E-K181 is a tissue culture cell line of MOPC 104E derived from BALB/c mice. MOPC 104E-K181 implanted subcutaneously in syngeneic normal mice regresses spontaneously after an initial growth of about 10 mm. Mice that regressed tumors or mice immunized intraperitoneally with mitomycin C-treated MOPC 104E-K181 myeloma could reject subsequent challenge of viable K181 myeloma cells. In contrast to euthymic mice, T-cell-deficient athymic nude mice developed subcutaneous tumors after challenge and died from progressive tumor growth, suggesting the critical role of T cells in tumor regression. In vitro induction of cytotoxic cells was used to define the immunologic mechanism by which the host can suppress tumor growth. Spleen cells from immune mice did not show cytolytic activity in 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay, but showed inhibitory action of tumor proliferation in vitro at an effector cell to target cell ratio of 500:1 in a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. To determine if cytotoxicity could be induced against MOPC 104E-K181 cells, in vitro sensitizing cultures were studied. We have demonstrated that normal BALB/c spleen cells became cytotoxic against MOPC 104E-K181 cells after 5 days cultivation with mitomycin C-treated stimulator cells at an optimal responder to stimulator cell ratio of 5:1. Treatment of anti-Thy-1.2 serum plus complement abolished cytotoxic activity of effector cells. Cytotoxic cells lysed not only MOPC 104E-K181 cells used for stimulation but also H-2k osteosarcoma cells. It was concluded that Thy-1.2-positive cytotoxic cells with nonspecific anomalous reactivity could be induced in murine plasmacytoma-stimulating cultures.
 ...
PMID:Immunoregulation of murine plasmacytoma. I. Generation of anomalous killer cells in vitro by cocultivation with MOPC 104E. 256 19

Monoclonal antibodies were generated to antigens on human foreskin keratinocytes to identify epithelial-specific molecules. Spleen cells from BALB/c mice, immunized with membrane preparations from primary explants of foreskin epithelial cells, were fused with the NS-1 mouse myeloma line. Hybridoma supernatants were screened for the desired immunological reactivity using enzyme-linked immunosorbant binding assays. Hybridomas secreting antibodies reacting with epithelial cells, but not fibroblasts or lymphocytes, were cloned by limiting dilution, and two stable clones producing immunoglobulin M K antibodies were selected for study. Evaluation of fixed paraffin-embedded human tissue by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique revealed that the antibodies bound most strongly to normal stratified squamous and transitional epithelium, and squamous and transitional cell carcinomas. Antibodies from the cloned hybridomas also reacted with primary cell cultures of foreskin keratinocytes, pulmonary epithelium, fetal liver, and amnion cells, but not with primary cultures of nonepithelial cells. Further testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays revealed that the antibodies reacted with some long-term cell lines derived from epithelial tumors. Nonepithelial cell lines were not stained by the antibodies. Indirect immunofluorescent studies indicated that staining was confined to the cell surface. These antibodies may prove useful in studies of differentiation markers of human epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for epithelial cells. 257 8


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>