Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Data from the population-based cancer registry for Los Angeles County, an area with high risk of AIDS, were used to evaluate secular trends of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and other possibly AIDS-related cancers in men aged 18 to 54. Marital status was used as a surrogate for homosexual behavior to compare the proportional incidence rates for the pre-AIDS era, 1972 to 1979, to those for 1980 to 1982 and 1983 to 1985. Both absolute incidence and proportional incidence of KS continue to increase sharply, although in absolute numbers, KS is making a smaller contribution to the total number of AIDS cases as the Los Angeles County epidemic progresses. For never-married men the proportional incidence rate of KS in 1983 to 1985 was nearly 100-fold greater than that of 1972 to 1979 and 7-fold greater than that of 1980 to 1982. High-grade lymphomas show statistically significant secular increases in both never-married and ever-married men, but only the rates of Burkitt's lymphomas have increased to a greater extent in never-married men. A small but significant increase of central nervous system lymphomas is seen in both marital status groups. There is no evidence of any AIDS-related increases in Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, testicular cancer, anal cancer, liver cancer, oral cancer, multiple myeloma, or malignant melanoma. As of 1985, cancer, as a manifestation of AIDS, is still apparently limited to KS and high-grade lymphomas (particularly Burkitt's) in Los Angeles County.
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PMID:AIDS-related secular trends in cancer in Los Angeles County men: a comparison by marital status. 291 Apr 64

The causes of multiple myeloma (MM) are obscure, but a laboratory association was recently reported between MM and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the probable etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Although there has been some additional laboratory corroboration, most laboratory studies have found no association between MM and HHV-8. We looked for indirect evidence of an HHV-8/MM association by evaluating whether MM is associated with KS in the United States. Cancer incidence and survival data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for the years 1973-1995. Strength of association was assessed for a number of cancer pairs using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) (observed/expected double cancers). KS was strongly associated (SIR > 15) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and anal cancer, was modestly associated (2.5 < SIR < 5.5) with MM, Hodgkin's disease, and testicular cancer and was not significantly associated with 6 other cancers. Besides being associated with KS, MM was weakly associated (1.7 < SIR < 2.3) with Hodgkin's disease and testicular cancer. The SIRs for 7 other cancers paired with MM were all less than 1.6. Factors that might be responsible for the KS/MM association include MM-related immune dysfunction, HIV and HHV-8, but the role of these factors cannot be directly assessed through the SEER database. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that HHV-8 is linked to a small proportion of MM cases, the modest KS/MM association is evidence that the vast majority of MM cases are not likely to be associated with HHV-8.
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PMID:Occurrence of primary cancers in association with multiple myeloma and Kaposi's sarcoma in the United States, 1973-1995. 1069 13

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) results in an extraordinary increase in the risk of two malignancies: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS; relative risk [RR], >10,000) and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; RR, >100). KS appears to result from uncontrolled expression of latency genes of human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8). KS is exquisitely sensitive to immune deficiency, and its incidence has declined during the late 1990s with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The risk of NHL is highest with high-grade histologies, and the incidence has declined only slightly with HAART. The risk of KS and NHL is decreased for people with the CCRS delta32 polymorphism, and NHL risk is increased with the SDFI-3'A polymorphism. Children with AIDS have a similar pattern of risk, but also have a high risk of leiomyosarcoma (RR, approximately 10,000). AIDS-related immune deficiency also increases the risk of Hodgkin's disease (RR, 8), probably multiple myeloma (RR, 5), and possibly other tumors in adults. Although the occurrence of cervical cancer (RR, 3) and anal cancer (RR, 30) is excessive among persons with AIDS, most or all of this excess results from sexually acquired human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and not from immune deficiency. Future efforts need to focus on understanding how the immune perturbation of AIDS results in a limited spectrum of tumors and most urgently on controlling the underlying HIV epidemic.
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PMID:The epidemiology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome malignancies. 1095 Mar 65