Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0026764 (multiple myeloma)
 36,148 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

McAb LC-1 was derived from fusion of myeloma cells and murine spleen cells immunized with human lung adenocarcinoma SPC-A-1 cells. The immunoglobulin isotype of LC-1 belonged to IgM. LC-1 was direct against the common epitope of lung cancer. It not only reacted with small cell lung cancer but also with non small cell lung cancer. LC-1 was purified from ascitic fluid by euglobulin precipitation and Sephadex G-200 filtration chromatography, and was iodinated with Iodogen, the specific reactivity of 125I-labeled LC-1 was determined by comparing standard curve with self-displacement curve. The immunoreactive fraction of 125I-LC-1 was determined by its binding to excess of antigen. The RIA data were plotted in Scatchard-form as binding of SPC-A-1 cells to LC-1. The binding constant of LC-1 binding to SPC-A-1 was 4.8 x 10(8) M-1. The LC-1 binding sites on SPC-A-1 were 7.2 x 10(4) per cell. The RIA inhibition test showed that LC-1 and LAC-122 (another IgM isotype McAb reacted only with non small cell lung cancer) had no cross-reactivity. The treatment of SPC-A-1 cells by proteinase and sodium periodate inhibited LC-1 binding to these treated target cells by 39% and 66% respectively. These results suggested that the biochemical nature of antigen recognized by LC-1 was glycoprotein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study on binding characteristics of 125I-labeled McAb LC-1 to lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo]. 159 1

An antigen with a molecular weight of 150 kilodaltons expressed on certain leukemia and lymphoma cells was recognized by a human monoclonal antibody (3H12), which had been established by the fusion of lymphocytes from a small cell lung cancer patient with a mouse myeloma cell line (P3U1). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 3 out of 4 cases with lymphoid crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) were positively stained by 3H12, while cells from 5 cases with myeloid crisis of CML did not react to this antibody. The antibody did not show any reactivity to cells from the chronic phase of CML, other types of leukemias or normal hematopoietic cells. We further examined 29 cell lines of hematopoietic origin and found that 2 undifferentiated cells (BV-173 and K-562) reacted to the 3H12 antibody. In addition, we found that 3 out of 6 Burkitt lymphoma cells (DAUDI, RAJI and HR1K) reacted to 3H12. Taken together, these results suggest that the antigen recognized by 3H12 is a differentiation-associated antigen expressed on immature lymphoid cells, and could potentially be a reliable cell lineage marker.
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PMID:Human monoclonal antibody detects a cell surface antigen expressed on hematopoietic malignant cells of lymphoid lineage. 190 Aug 25

A retrospective analysis was made of elderly cancer patients (pts) who were treated with cancer chemotherapy in our Department of the Cancer Inst. Hosp. There were 180 pts above age 70 years at the start of chemotherapy between July of 1974 and December of 1988. Characteristics of these 180 pts were as follows: (1) 73 years of age in median (70-89 years), (2) 67 pts with malignant lymphoma (37%); 40 with lung ca. (22%), 20 with breast ca. (11%), stomach ca., colorectal ca., multiple myeloma and other; (3) Combination chemotherapy given to 174 pts; (4) OUTCOME: 41 pts (23%) were alive as September of 1989, and autopsy performed in 66 out of 87 pts who died in the hospital (76%). There were no special chemotherapeutic regimens only for elderly pts. Intensity of adequate chemotherapy based on therapeutic protocols was evaluated, dividing pts into two groups: full-dose group and reduced-dose group. Most pts (96%) with small cell lung cancer (SCL) were treated on protocols. For example, 12 elderly pts with SCL were treated with VEC regimen (VCR.VP-16.CTX); eight pts with full-dose and four reduced-dose, and their response rate (CR/PR) of 50%/38% and 25%/75%, respectively, and in 23 younger pts; 20 full-dose and three reduced-dose, and response rate 35%/35% and 33%/33%, respectively. There were 40 pts with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia over 60 years old, treated at Jikei University and in our Department. CR rates of these pts according to age showed a lower percentage with advancing age. Elderly pts with malignancies responsive to chemotherapy should be treated with the same regimen used in younger pts. But doses of each drug have to be adjusted to organ functions of each pt. patients with unresponsive malignancies, must be enrolled in clinical trials, and their responses and toxicities evaluated by age-stratified analysis.
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PMID:[Treatment of cancer in the elderly--cancer chemotherapy]. 216 Jul 99

Spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell LTEP-a2 were fused with murine myeloma cell SP 2/0, from which 4 hybridomas (2 A7, 2 E9, 4 F2 and 5 F11) were obtained. Indirect immunofluorescence test showed that these 4 monoclonal antibodies reacted with human lung cancer cells, but not with 2 BS or the lymphocytes and red blood cells in 4 different ABO groups of 10 persons. Using ABC immunoperoxidase stain technique, these 4 antibodies showed negative reaction with 9 tissue types from the normal subject and fetus but could react with 52-83% of the 29 human lung carcinomas and 64-92% of the 24 non-small cell lung cancers (non-SCLC). When 5 F11 was combined with 2 A7 or 2 E9, the percentage of positive stain was 100% in 24 non-SCLC. The results of indirect immunofluorescence stain showed that strong membrane stain by 5 F11 and membrane stain by 4 F2 were obtained, indicating that these antibodies could recognize antigens on cancer cell membrane. It is suggested that a mixture of 5 F11 and other antibodies be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Molecular weight of the antigens recognized by the 4 antibodies was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot technique to be 47 KD (2 A7), 67 KD (2E9), 40 KD (4F2) and 56 KD (5 F11).
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibody against human lung carcinoma]. 217 66

This clinical trial was performed to study the effects of intravenously (IV) administered recombinant human (rh) erythropoietin (EPO) at escalating doses (150, 300, and 450 U/kg, administered as an IV bolus injection, twice weekly, for 6, 4, and 4 weeks, respectively) in five patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Ig NHL) and bone marrow involvement and one patient with multiple myeloma (MM). All patients were anemic due to underlying disease. None of the patients had a history of bleeding, hemolysis, renal insufficiency, or other disorders causing anemia in addition to bone marrow infiltrating malignancy. Endogenous EPO serum levels were significantly increased in all patients (74 to 202 mU/mL). Five patients (one MM, four small-cell lymphocytic [SCLC] NHL) showed a dramatic increase of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hk) and RBC count becoming obvious on the second EPO dose level. Initial ferritin serum values, which were high mostly due to polytransfusion, were significantly reduced in responding patients. Erythropoiesis of one patient with extensive follicular mixed (fm) NHL did not respond to EPO treatment. Platelet (PLT) count increase (greater than 75% above starting levels) during and following EPO therapy was observed in one patient with MM. Adverse events due to EPO therapy have not been recorded. These findings point out a previously unrecognized capacity of EPO given at pharmacologic doses to stimulate erythropoiesis in patients with anemia due to bone marrow infiltration by neoplastic lymphocytes in spite of enhanced endogenous EPO expression.
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PMID:Erythropoietin for the treatment of anemia of malignancy associated with neoplastic bone marrow infiltration. 218 57

Monoclonal antibodies to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were produced by fusion of P3X63/AgU1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized against intact cells of SCLC tumors grown in BALB/c athymic nude mice. The antibody TFS-2 demonstrated "pancarcinoma" reactivity showing binding to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and carcinomas derived from other organs such as stomach, pancreas, and colon. This antibody failed to react with a variety of normal tissues including lung, bone marrow, spleen, stomach, colon, and pancreas. TFS-2 showed complement-mediated cytolysis of target cells. TFS-2 had no significant effects on hematopoietic stem cells. This antibody will serve as a powerful tool for the in vitro removal of tumor cells from bone marrow, thus facilitating high-dose chemotherapy of SCLC with autologous bone marrow transplantation. In contrast, TFS-4 monoclonal antibody reacted specifically with SCLC but not with NSCLS tumors. This antibody can distinguish SCLC from NSCLC tumors in histologic diagnosis at transbronchial biopsy, and in cytological identification of tumor cells in malignant effusion, and in infiltrated bone marrow. Radiolabeled TSF-4 specifically accumulated into SCLC tumors that were implanted subcutaneously into athymic nude mice. Thus, the antibody will be useful not only for diagnosis of lung cancer but also for targeting anti-tumor agents.
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PMID:Clinical application of monoclonal antibodies to small cell lung cancer. 299 85

Marrow transplantation is effective treatment for a number of hematological diseases in patients under the age of 50 who have an HLA-identical sibling donor. It is successful in the treatment of aplastic anemia with 70-85% long-term survival. It offers 10-30% apparent cures for patients with acute leukemia who have relapsed at least once, and for those with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis. Although still somewhat controversial, it appears to be the treatment of choice for patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first chemotherapy induced remission, and for those with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase since approximately 50-60% of these patients experience long-term, disease-free survival. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia grafted in second or subsequent remission may expect a 30% "cure" of their disease. Marrow grafting is the only effective treatment for many patients with inherited immunologic deficiencies and certain genetic storage diseases. Cures of congenital Fanconi's anemia, Blackfan-Diamond anemia, osteopetrosis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and thalassemia major have been achieved. Marrow transplantation is being explored for the therapy of patients with lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, preleukemia, multiple myeloma, hairy cell leukemia, small cell lung cancer, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer and neuroblastoma. Marrow transplantation has been limited by the fact that many patients do not have HLA-identical siblings and very few have monozygotic twins. More recently, marrow transplants from HLA-nonidentical family members and even from unrelated donors have been successfully explored.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Marrow transplantation: the Seattle experience. 391 47

We have developed a screening strategy and technology to produce monoclonal antibodies with specificity for human lung cancer cells. Mice and rats were immunized with well-characterized tissue culture lines of human small cell lung cancer (SCLC), mouse myeloma x spleen hybrids formed by the technique of Kohler and Milstein, and the resulting culture fluids were screened for antibody binding phenotype using a radioimmunoassay. To facilitate testing large numbers of culture fluids, a 96-well, microtiter based, reusable, replicating device was designed. Using this, many hybridoma culture fluids were replica plated for antibody binding tests on a series of human target cell plates. Hybrids producing antibodies that reacted with the immunizing SCLC line and another independent SCLC line, but not with autologous B-lymphoblastoid cells derived from one of the patients, were identified, selected, and then repeatedly recloned using the same screening strategy. With this technology, hybridomas representing less than 0.5% of all hybrids generated could be isolated and stable antibody producing cultures derived. Such antibodies reacted with a panel of well-characterized SCLC lines and SCLC samples taken directly from patients but not with a variety of normal tissues. Using these antibodies we can demonstrate: tumor cell contamination of bone marrow specimens, marked heterogeneity of antigen expression on cells within individual SCLC lines and individual patients, and inhibition of clonal growth of SCLC lines in soft agarose assays. All of these findings have potential clinical and cell biologic application.
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PMID:Methods for production of monoclonal antibodies with specificity for human lung cancer cells. 617 65

Two human small cell lung carcinoma cell lines, NCI-H69 and NCI-H128, were used as alternating sources of immunogen to generate monoclonal antibodies to small cell lung carcinoma-associated antigens. BALB/c mice were sensitized with seven injections of live tumor cells, four with NCI-H69 cells and three with NCI-H128 cells. Somatic cell hybridization was performed by fusion of the immune murine splenocytes using syngeneic myeloma cells from the SP2/0 Ag14 cell line. Hybridoma colonies were screened against small cell lung carcinoma cells and normal lung fibroblasts with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared to animals immunized with only NCI-H69 or NCI-H128 cells, alternate immunization resulted in the generation of a significantly higher number of hybridomas that reacted selectively with both tumor cell lines. Monoclonal antibodies from two reactive hybrid clones generated by alternate immunization, SCLC 2051 and SCLC 5023, were uniformly negative to normal human tissues including lung, kidney, liver, spleen, breast, thyroid, brain, small intestine, and colon. While both monoclonal antibodies were nonreactive to paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed, nonmalignant lung biopsies, the monoclonal antibody SCLC 5023 reacted with tumor cell infiltrates in biopsies from small cell lung carcinoma patients (14 of 14 cases positive), using the immunoperoxidase technique. This monoclonal reagent also reacted with other lung tumor cell types, including atypical carcinoid (5 of 5 positive), epidermoid (4 of 6 positive), undifferentiated and bronchoalveolar (3 of 4 cases each positive) carcinomas. By contrast, monoclonal antibody SCLC 2051 apparently identified an antigen expressed preferentially on small cell lung carcinoma cells (12 of 14 positive) and only rarely reacted with other lung tumor cell types (2 of 34 positive). Both monoclonal antibodies were negative to colon carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma of the floor of the mouth, breast adenocarcinoma, and B- and T-cell leukemia and lymphoma cells, as determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoperoxidase techniques. These observations suggest that SCLC 2051 and SCLC 5023 may be of value in identifying tumor-associated antigens expressed in small cell and other lung carcinomas. In addition, the generation of antibody-producing cells towards common tumor-associated antigens may be enhanced by immunization with multiple tumor cell lines of the same histological type.
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PMID:Characterization of two human small cell lung carcinoma-reactive monoclonal antibodies generated by a novel immunization approach. 620 11

Monoclonal antibodies with selectivity for human lung cancer were produced by immunizing BALB/c mice with an established line of human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H69) and fusing the mouse spleen cells to mouse myeloma line X63-Ag8.653. The resulting hybrid cells were initially screened by immunoautoradiography for production of antibodies that would react with NCI-H69 and another small cell lung cancer line (NCI-H128) but not its autologous B-lymphoblastoid line (NCI-H128BL). Stable monoclonal antibody-producing lines were isolated by repeated cloning. Three independently derived monoclonal antibodies, designated 525A5, 534F8, and 538F12, were found to react with three of the major types of human lung cancer (small cell, adenocarcinoma, and squamous carcinoma). They did not react with bronchioloalveolar and large cell lung cancers, myeloma, lymphomas, leukemias, osteogeneic sarcoma, mesothelioma, hypernephroma, malignant melanoma, simian virus 40-transformed human fetal lung cells, skin fibroblast lines, human B-lymphoblastoid lines, human erythrocytes, and rodent cells. Interestingly, these antibodies also bound to three out of three human neuroblastomas and two out of three breast cancers but failed to react with mouse neuroblastoma and rat pheochromocytoma. The monoclonal antibodies reacted with human small cell lung cancer tumors obtained at autopsy, but had insignificant reactions with normal human lung, liver, spleen, and skeletal muscle. We conclude that monoclonal antibodies have been generated that react with common antigenic determinants expressed on several human lung cancer types, neuroblastoma, and some breast cancers, but are not detectable by our current assays on a variety of other human tumors or normal adult human tissues. Such antibodies are of potential clinical and biological importance.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies that demonstrate specificity for several types of human lung cancer. 627 Jun 85


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